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221.
背景:重度脊柱侧凸是目前临床治疗的难点,目前研究表明分期矫形治疗是一种安全有效的治疗手段。目的:分析分期矫形在治疗重度脊柱侧弯中的疗效。方法:对10例重度僵硬的脊柱侧凸分期矫形治疗进行回顾性分析,平均年龄12岁。冠状面Cobb角110°-180°,平均140°,矢状位后凸Cobb角50°-100°,平均75°,均采用1期前路松解,2期行Halo-plevic环牵引,3期后路截骨矫形内固定物治疗。结果与结论:所有病例均顺利完成手术治疗,无严重并发症发生,1期前路松解及2期牵引治疗术后冠状位Cobb角平均90°,矫正率为35.7%,矢状位Cobb角50°,矫正率为33.3%;3期截骨矫形后冠状位Cobb角平均40°,矫正率为71.4%,矢状位Cobb角35°,矫正率为53.3%。结果说明对于重度僵硬脊柱侧凸畸形,分期矫形治疗是有效安全的治疗手段。 相似文献
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224.
内侧髌股韧带重建治疗复发性髌骨脱位 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的介绍采用内侧髌股韧带(medial patellofemoral ligament,MPFL)重建治疗复发性髌骨脱位的手术技术和效果。方法 2005年6月-2007年9月,采用MPFL重建治疗复发性髌骨脱位29例。男6例,女23例;年龄13~45岁,平均20.3岁。髌骨脱位2~10次。末次髌骨脱位至手术时间为1~144个月,平均43.9个月。术前CT检查测量胫骨结节-股骨滑车间距(tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance,TT-TG);并行Kujala、Lysholm和Tegner评分,分别为(72.03±17.38)、(72.65±14.70)、(5.25±1.83)分。手术采用同种异体肌腱作为移植物,在股骨侧使用骨隧道技术,可吸收挤压螺钉固定;在髌骨内侧缘制作双L形隧道,调节移植物张力后,缝合固定移植物的游离端。同时行关节镜检查、游离体取出和髌外侧支持带松解。对于TT-TG>20 mm的16例患者,同时行胫骨结节内移截骨。结果 27例获随访,随访时间40~67个月,平均45.5个月。患者术后均无髌骨再脱位,也无髌骨错动或半脱位。0°位和屈膝30°位髌骨外推试验和外推恐惧试验均为阴性。术后1年患者膝关节屈伸活动度均恢复正常,能够完全下蹲。末次随访时Kujala评分、Lysholm评分分别为(94.10±7.59)、(95.44±6.25)分,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Tegner评分为(4.33±1.00)分,与术前比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.302,P=0.213)。术前TT-TG>20 mm的患者末次随访时TT-TG为(16.88±5.92)mm,与术前(23.38±3.70)mm比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.822,P=0.026)。结论 MPFL重建治疗复发性髌骨脱位能够明显改善髌骨稳定性,且术后膝关节功能评分和运动等级评分均较术前明显改善。 相似文献
225.
George M. Ghobrial Nathan H. Lebwohl Barth A. Green Joseph P. Gjolaj 《The spine journal》2017,17(11):1594-1600
Background Context
Prior reports have compared posterior column osteotomies with pedicle subtraction osteotomies in terms of utility for correcting fixed sagittal imbalance in adolescent patients with deformity. No prior reports have described the use of multilevel Smith-Petersen Osteotomies (SPOs) alone for surgical correction in the adult spinal deformity (ASD) population.Purpose
The study aimed to determine the utility of multilevel SPOs in the management of global sagittal imbalance in ASD patients.Study Design/Setting
This is a retrospective observational study at a single academic center.Patient Sample
The sample included 85 ASD patients.Outcome Measures
This is a radiographic outcomes cohort study.Methods
The radiographs of 85 ASD patients were retrospectively evaluated before and after long-segment (>5 spinal levels) fusion and multilevel SPO (≥3 levels) for sagittal imbalance correction. The number of osteotomies, correction in regional lumbar lordosis (LL), and correction per osteotomy was evaluated. Independent predictors of correction per SPO were evaluated with a hierarchical linear regression analysis.Results
Eighty-five patients (mean age: 67.5±11 years) were identified with ASD (372 SPOs). The mean preoperative sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and T1 pelvic angle (TPA) were 8.16±6.75?cm and 25°±13.23°, respectively. The mean postoperative central sacral vertical line (CSVL) and SVA were 0.67±0.70?cm and 1.29±5.41?cm, respectively. The mean improvement in SVA was 6.29?cm achieved with a correction of approximately 5.05° per SPO. The mean LL restoration was 20.3°±13.9°, and 33(39%) patients achieved a final pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) ≤10°. Fifty-four (64%) achieved a postoperative PI-LL ≤15°, 75 (88%) with a PI-LL ≤20°, and 85 (100%) achieved a PI-LL ≤25°. Correction per SPO was similar regardless of prior fusion (4.87° vs. 5.72° for revisions, p=.192). In a subgroup analysis of SVA greater than 10?cm, there was no significant difference in the final LL, thoracic kyphosis, PI-LL, SVA, CSVL, and TPA, as compared with SVA <10?cm. The LL was the only independent predictor of osteotomy correction per level (LL: β coefficient=?0.108, confidence interval: ?0.141 to 0.071, p<.0001).Conclusions
Multilevel SPOs are feasible for restoration of LL as well as sagittal and coronal alignment in the ASD population with or without prior instrumented fusion. 相似文献226.
Dong-Ho Lee Jae Hwan Cho Choon Sung Lee Chang Ju Hwang Sung Hoon Choi Chul Gie Hong 《The spine journal》2018,18(6):1099-1105
Background Context
Conventional anterior decompression surgery for cervical myelopathy, including anterior corpectomy and fusion, is technically demanding and is known to be associated with a higher incidence of surgery-related complications, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, neurologic deterioration, and graft failure compared with posterior surgery.Purpose
We introduce a novel anterior decompression technique (vertebral body sliding osteotomy [VBSO]) for cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and evaluate the efficacy and safety of this procedure.Study Design
This is a case series for novel surgical technique.Patient Sample
Fourteen patients (M:F=11:3, mean age 56.9±10) with cervical myelopathy caused by OPLL who underwent VBSO by a single surgeon were included.Outcome Measures
The surgical outcome was evaluated according to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score for cervical myelopathy (C-JOA score), and the recovery rate of the C-JOA score was calculated. Patients were also evaluated radiographically with plain and dynamic cervical spine radiographs and pre- and postoperative computed tomography images.Methods
Fourteen patients were followed up for more than 24 months, and operation time, estimated blood loss, neurologic outcomes, and surgery-related complications were investigated. Radiological measurements were also performed to analyze the following parameters: (1) canal-occupying ratio and postoperative canal widening, and (2) pre- and postoperative sagittal alignment.Results
The mean recovery rate of C-JOA score at the final follow-up was 68.65±17.8%. There were no perioperative complications, including neurologic deterioration, vertebral artery injury, esophageal injury, graft dislodgement, and CSF leaks, after surgery except for pseudarthrosis in one case. An average spinal canal compromised ratio by OPLL decreased from 61.5±8.1% preoperatively to 16.5±11.2% postoperatively. An average postoperative canal widening was 5.15±1.39?mm, and improvement of cervical alignment was observed in all patients, with average recovery angle of 7.3±6.1° postoperatively.Conclusions
The VBSO allows sufficient decompression of spinal cord and provides excellent neurologic outcomes. Because surgeons do not need to manipulate the OPLL mass directly, this technique could significantly decrease surgery-related complications. Furthermore, as VBSO is based on the multilevel discectomy and fusion technique, it would be more helpful to restore a physiological lordosis. 相似文献227.
228.
High tibial osteotomy combined with anterior displacement of the tibial tubercle for osteoarthritis of the knee 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Eighty-nine knees with medial tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis were treated by high tibial osteotomy between 1972 and 1978, and 71 were followed up for at least 5 years, the average being 6 years and 9 months. There was no significant loss of motion as recorded before and after operation. In most patients pain decreased or disappeared, and walking ability was regained. Evaluation using the Japanese rating system showed that there were Good and Fair results in 86% of the cases. The average tibio-femoral angle in the Good group was 169±5°. The angles in the Poor group varied over a wide range. There were serious complications such as nonunion, malunion and infection in a few cases. In Group 1 (30 knees) high tibial osteotomy alone was performed. In Group 2 (41 knees) there were associated osteoarthritic changes in the patellofemoral joint and a high tibial osteotomy was combined with anterior displacement of the tibial tubercle (ventralisation). In comparison, Group 2 had better results with regard to both clinical and radiological evaluation.Read at the 16th Congress of the Societe Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopedique et de Traumatologie, London, England, 5th October, 1984 相似文献
229.
目的评价后路全脊椎截骨术治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的临床效果。方法 2007年8月至2009年12月,采用后路全脊椎截骨术治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形病例21例,男7例,女14例;年龄7~32岁,平均16.3岁;胸段19例,腰段2例;伴发脊髓纵裂7例,脊髓空洞1例,不全瘫3例。所有病例均行后路一期全脊椎截骨、矫形植骨融合固定术。测量术前、术后及随访时站立位全脊柱正侧位X线片,记录冠状面和矢状面Cobb角、顶椎偏移;记录术中出血量、手术时间及围手术期并发症。结果所有患者切口均一期愈合,随访时间16~38个月,平均22.4个月。本组病例手术时间平均为694.5min,术中出血量平均2429ml,冠状面Cobb角由82.9°矫正到36.0°,平均矫形率56.6%,矢状Cobb角由82.5°矫正到39.8°,平均矫形率51.8%,顶椎偏移由27.1mm矫正到11.1mm,矫正率59.0%。1例术后神经诱发电位示右胫后神经SEP降低,2周后恢复,无其他神经系统并发症,椎体间植骨病例随访时均获得融合,无内固定松动、断裂等并发症。结论后路全脊椎截骨椎体切除可直接去除致畸原因,在冠状面和矢状面上均可获得良好的矫形,并可获360°减压,是目前治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形较为有效的方法。 相似文献
230.
目的:客观评价下颌失状劈开截骨术后下齿槽神经感觉障碍发生及自然恢复的发生率。方法:选择30例双侧下颌升支矢状截骨的患者在术前和术后1周、4周、2个月和6个月进行下齿槽神经感觉障碍的临床评价。30例患者均采用Semmes-Wei nst ei n单丝测试法。结果:术后7天感觉障碍发生率为100%。在所有检测区域,术后6个月的测量结果与术前最接近。6个月时20例患者感觉恢复术前水平。左右侧及性别间感觉障碍恢复优秀率的差异在各个随访时期均无统计学意义(P>O.05)。结论:BSSO术后早期感觉功能障碍较为普遍,然而在术后6个月,大多数患者的神经功能可达到自然恢复。 相似文献