52例阴虚阳虚患者外周血混合白细胞糖皮质激素受体的实验观察

按“虚证辨证参考标准”,筛选出52例典型的阴虚或阳虚患者,另设正常组20例。分别测定3组外周血白细胞、血浆皮质醇及外周血混合白细胞糖皮质激素受体(GR)。结果表明,3组间白细胞、血浆皮质醇差异无显著性(P>0.05),而阴虚、阳虚两组GR值明显低于正常组,差异均有显著性((P<0.01),且阳虚组与阴虚组比较,差异亦有显著性(P<0.05)。提示GR减少可能是典型阴虚阳虚证发展到一定程度的共同病理改变,而GR减少幅度上的差异可能是两者临床表现不一致的病理基础之一。     

微波治疗涎腺粘液囊肿疗效观察

目的探讨微波治疗涎腺粘液囊肿的疗效。方法使用WB-100B型微波多功能治疗机对40例涎腺粘液囊肿患者进行治疗。术区常规消毒，用1％的卡因棉片置于囊肿表面及周围黏膜上表面麻醉后，将针状辐射探头直接插入囊腔内，进行烧灼治疗，至囊肿范围组织发白。所用微波频率为2450MHz，输出功率40W。根据囊肿大小酌情连续操作2～3次。术后常规口服抗生素3d。结果术中患者感到轻度疼痛(无需特殊处理)。术后7d复查无一感染，痂皮大部脱落，肉芽组织生长良好。15d创面愈合，口腔黏膜外形良好，无瘢痕挛缩、无畸形，随访1～2年无一复发，治愈率100％。结论微波治疗涎腺粘液囊肿，操作简便易行，疗效满意，值得推广应用。     

留针时间对肾阳虚家兔皮质醇及生命质量的影响

目的:探索留针时间长短与肾阳虚证的疗效关系。方法:将31只家兔随机分成A.空白对照组;B.模型空白对照组;C.留针时间15min组;D.留针时间30min组;E.留针时间40min组。分组后,除A组外,各组动物于每天上午在腹部皮下注射氢化可的松25mg/kg,连续注射7天。从第11天开始,A、B组只给予正常饲养,C、D、E除给予正常饲养外,按不同的留针时间要求分别给予针刺治疗观察,连续针刺10次。各组家兔分别在造模前(注射氢化可的松前)、造模后(注射氢化可的松后)及治疗10次后3次采血,每次均取清晨空腹血1ml用于检测皮质醇。结果:(1)留针时间15min组皮质醇显著高于留针时间40min组(P<0.05);留针时间15min组与留针时间30min组对比有明显差异(P<0.05);而留针30min组与留针40min组对比无明显差异(P>0.05)。(2)各组家兔生命质量积分比较,空白对照组明显低于模型组与针刺组(15,30及40min)(P<0.05),模型组与针刺组比较,(P<0.05);而留针15min与30min组及40min组间相比无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:适当地缩短留针时间可以提高针刺治疗肾阳虚证患者的疗效。     

辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊与四川嗜人按蚊杂交及唾腺染色体观察

目的　了解中国嗜人按蚊的分布 ,判定辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊和四川嗜人按蚊是否存在生殖隔离 ,有无种间差异 ,是否为同一蚊种。方法　采用遗传学方法进行人工杂交 /自然交配 ,并对杂交后的子代进行多腺染色体制片观察。结果　辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊与四川嗜人按蚊亲代杂交、回交、子代自交均能产生正常子代 ,并能大量繁殖。子代唾腺染色体制片观察未发现不联会现象。结论　辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊与四川嗜人按蚊不存在生殖隔离 ,也无种间差异 ,系不同地域分布的同一种嗜人按蚊。     

盐酸戊乙奎醚作为全麻术前用药的安全性研究

目的对比研究盐酸戊乙奎醚与阿托品作为全麻术前用药的安全性。方法40例拟在全麻下行择期手术的患者,美国麻醉医师(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,随机均分为4组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别肌内注射盐酸戊乙奎醚0．005、0．010和0．014 mg／kg,Ⅳ组肌内注射阿托品0．01 mg／kg。分别记录患者进入手术室后的基础口干程度视觉模拟评分和基础唾液分泌量,以及在注射药物30 min后的相应变化。记录各组患者注射药物后30、45、60和120 min的心率、平均动脉压、脉搏血氧饱和度和心电图的变化。结果肌内注射0.005和0．010 mg／kg盐酸戊乙奎醚后30 min唾液的分泌量无明显变化(P值均>0．05),而肌内注射0．014 mg／kg盐酸戊乙奎醚能明显抑制唾液分泌(P<0．01),平均抑制程度为56％。Ⅳ组注射阿托品后30 min的心率明显增快(P<0．05),Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的心率无明显变化(P值均>0．05)。结论盐酸戊乙奎醚可以替代阿托品作为全麻术前用药,且特别适用于需要避免心动过速的患者。     

FNAC of salivary gland lesions with histopathological correlation

Hypothesis: Analysis of salivary gland lesions by FNAC and correlation with histopathology. To evaluate utility of FNAC in salivary gland lesions.Back ground: Salivary gland lesions form about 2–6.5% of all head and neck neoplasms in adults. They are easily accessible for FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) and risks of fistula formation or tumour implantation are low compared surgical biopsy. Also, cytology can provide a distinction between asalivary and non salivary lesion, benign and malignant lesions so also specific and non specific inflammation. Methods: Seventy patients were studied prospectively over two years. FNAC was done using 10 cc syringes and 20–22 no. needle. Histomorphology was assessed on routine H & E (haemotxylin and eosin) stained paraffin sections. SPAS (periodic acid Schiff) and mucicarmine satins were also done. Results: 80% of the lesions were neoplastic (61% benign, 31% malignant) and 20% were neoplastic. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequent benign neoplasm while mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most frequent malignant lesion. Among the non neoplastic lesions, the maximum number of cases were of chronic sialadentis. In the present study, FNAC has a sensitivity of 94.54% and specificity of 80.95% for neoplastic lesions. Conclusions: FNAC was found to be a useful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of salivary gland lesions because of its simplicity, excellent patient compliance and rapid diagnosis. This cost effective tool is invaluable in planning the surgical management of the patient.     

用正交试验设计法选择HPLC检测尿氢化可的松和可的松水平的试验条件

目的：探索利用正交试验设计法选择高效液相色谱法（IIPLC）检测尿氢化可的松和可的松水平的最佳试验条件，从而建立检测的方法。方法：对试验中关键因素进行正交试验设计，根据设计方案进行试验，采用液相萃取法提取样品，然后进行HPLC分析。结果：试验次数由原来的243次（3^3＋6^3）减少到36次，即可获得满意的试验结果。结论：正交试验设计法对HPLE测定微量物质的备件选择有一定参考和使用价值．     

In vivo biocompatibility of the PLGA microparticles in parotid gland

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles are used in various disorders for the controlled or sustained release of drugs, with the management of salivary gland pathologies possible using this technology. There is no record of the response to such microparticles in the glandular parenchyma. The purpose of this study was to assess the morphological changes in the parotid gland when injected with a single dose of PLGA microparticles. We used 12 adult female Sprague Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) that were injected into their right parotid gland with sterile vehicle solution (G1, n=4), 0.5 mg PLGA microparticles (G2, n=4), and 0.75 mg PLGA microparticles (G3, n=4); the microparticles were dissolved in a sterile vehicle solution. The intercalar and striated ducts lumen, the thickness of the acini and the histology aspect in terms of the parenchyma organization, cell morphology of acini and duct system, the presence of polymeric residues, and inflammatory response were determined at 14 days post-injection. The administration of the compound in a single dose modified some of the morphometric parameters of parenchyma (intercalar duct lumen and thickness of the glandular acini) but did not induce tissue inflammatory response, despite the visible presence of polymer waste. This suggests that PLGA microparticles are biocompatible with the parotid tissue, making it possible to use intraglandular controlled drug administration.     

Using Salivary Glands as a Tissue Target for Gene Therapeutics

Gene transfer offers a potential way to correct local and systemic protein deficiency disorders by using genes as drugs, so called gene therapeutics. Salivary glands present an interesting target site for gene therapeutic applications. Herein, we review proofs of concept achieved for salivary glands with in vivo animal models. In that context we discuss problems (general and salivary tissue-specific) that limit immediate clinical use for this application of gene transfer. Ongoing efforts, however, suggest that salivary glands may be suitable as gene therapeutic target sites for drug delivery in the near future.