The value of role modelling: Perceptions of undergraduate and diploma nursing (adult) students

Using a grounded theory methodology, this paper demonstrates the value of role modelling in teaching and learning within the clinical area. Views of undergraduate (n = 20) and diploma (n = 22) nursing (adult) students were sought using individual and focus group interviews. Although the importance of role modelling is acknowledged within the literature, there appears to be little written about the value of providing role modelling within the clinical learning environment to facilitate learning for student nurses. Both groups of students stated the importance of having access to a good role model in order that they could observe and practice skills and/or behaviour. ‘Good’ role models were seen to have a tremendous influence on the clinical learning environment and on the development of students’ competence and confidence. Recommendations were made to include discussions on the value of role modelling on enhancing the clinical learning environment within mentor preparation courses. These discussions should emphasise the value of observational learning, the necessity of providing constructive feedback and the need for role models to enable the student to convert observed behaviour/skills into their own behaviour and skills set.     

The palliative care clinical nurse consultant: An essential link

This study describes the role of acute hospital palliative care nurse consultants and makes recommendations about future directions for the role development of this role. While the palliative care nurse consultant role is accepted in the acute setting there is little evidence or literature about what contributes to the success of this role. A three-phase study was undertaken to describe the role of palliative care nurse consultants in acute hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. The first phase of the three-phase study, involving in-depth qualitative interviews with the palliative care nurse consultants, is reported in this article. Using open-ended semi-structured questions, 10 palliative care nurse consultants were interviewed using open-ended questions about aspects of their role and the interviews were thematically analysed. Four main themes were identified that clarified the role; being the internal link; being the lynch pin; being responsive and being challenged. The palliative care nurse consultants were the first point of introduction to palliative care and thus they saw a significant role in introducing the concept of palliative care to those requiring palliative care, their families and others. They are an important link between the settings of care required by people accessing palliative care—acute, in-patient palliative care and community care. The palliative care nurse consultants saw themselves in leadership positions that in some ways defy boundaries, because of the inherent complexity and diversity of the role. The palliative care nurse consultants’ role appears to be pivotal in providing expert advice to staff and people requiring palliative care, and connecting palliative care services both within the hospital and to external services.     

精神科教学培训中“角色扮演”及“巴林特小组”的应用

精神科医师与患者的沟通内容多涉及患者隐秘的心理活动,应有较强的医学伦理学意识,而患者对于谈论自身心理活动又可能有所避讳,因此建立良好的医患关系极为重要,而对于精神科医师的培训更应注重提高建立良好医患关系的能力。“角色扮演”及“巴林特小组”是两种有效的教学方式。     

大学生综合素质培养——医学院校推行大学生班主任助理制度的探索与思考

大学生素质培养是一个重要的理论和实践问题,本文通过医学院校推行大学生班主任助理制度对大学生综合素质培养的作用和效果提出了思考,对大学生班主任助理制度的方法进行了探讨。     

我院就诊患者对医院药学服务和国家基本药物认知情况的调研

目的:为提高医院药学服务水平和国家基本药物制度工作的深入开展提供参考。方法:采用问卷调查法,向我院就诊的患者发放问卷共400份,进行现场填写,并如实回答相关内容,调查目前大众对医院药学服务工作的认知情况和对国家基本药物的认知情况,并与2003年同样的调研结果作一比较。结果:患者对用药知识需求较大,对医师的信任度仍然高于药师,但对药师的药学服务满意度则有较大的提高,对国家基本药物了解甚少。结论:我院药学服务水平有所提高,药师的工作正逐步得到大众的欢迎和认可。还应对医护人员和患者进一步宣传国家基本药物制度。     

综合护理干预对慢性便秘的效果分析

目的探讨综合护理干预对慢性便秘患者的效果。方法将160例慢性便秘患者随机分为实验组80例,对照组80例。对照组给予常规饮食,药物治疗。实验组除按对照组治疗外,给予综合护理干预。结果实验组进行护理干预后,疗效明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论护理干预能有效改善便秘症状,提高疗效和自我保健能力,促进疾病康复。     

全球基金项目对昭通市艾滋病防治的促进作用

全球基金艾滋病项目在昭通市实施3年,促进了多部门合作机制、干预模式的建立和应用,在计划指标的完成、高危人群行为干预、HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗、安全套的使用、人员能力建设等方面取得良好成效。     

浅论医务社工在医师社会支持系统中的角色

当前医疗环境复杂化,对广大医师造成了许多不良影响,同时也阻碍了我国医疗卫生事业的顺利发展。透过医务社工在医师社会支持系统中面临的矛盾分析,提出其在构建新型医师社会支持系统模式中所应扮演的角色。     

低氧诱导因子在生物医学中的作用

氧平衡在生物个体的生长和发育过程中具有重要的作用.细胞和组织为适应低氧调节转录子诱导多种基因参与到血管形成、铁代谢、葡萄精代谢和细胞的增殖及存活,而回应这些反应的要素因子是低氧诱导因子-1(hypoxia inducible factor-1,HIF-1).不断发展的生理学相关基因通过新的机制来降低细胞内氧浓度,上调感应和信号转导以触发HIF的低氧诱导转录活性.该途径最重要的是存在于所有的细胞和所有的真核生物中.现就HIF在生物医学中的作用作一综述.