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31.
H. Seibold E. Henze J. Kohler J. Roth A. Schmidt W. Adam 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1985,63(20):1041-1047
Summary Simultaneous right heart catheterization and radionuclide ventriculography were performed in 27 patients with a wide range of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Central hemodynamics and radionuclide studies were done at rest and during exercise. In the resting state the right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) was in the normal range (43.3±6%). During exercise a significant (p<0.001) decrease of RVEF to 38.8±6.7% occurred. The pumonary artery mean pressures were 19.9±3.8 at rest. During exercise a significant (p<0.001) increase to 41±9.8 mm Hg occurred. There was a linear relationship between pulmonary pressures and RVEF during exercise in patients with pulmonary artery pressures not exceeding 35 mm Hg. In patients with right ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness 6 mm a curvilinear relationship between these parameters could be observed with a flattening of the curve at higher pressures (>35 mm Hg) and lower ejection fractions (<35% RVEF). Radionuclide venticulography cannot substitute for right heart catheterization. Echocardiography is useful for interpretation of right ventricular ejection fractions in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Abbreviations CI
Cardiac index (l/min/m2)
- CO
Cardiac output (l/min)
- COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- FEV1
Forced expiratory volume in the first second (ml)
- HR
Heart rate (B/min)
- PAd
Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (mm Hg)
- PAP
Pulmonary artery mean pressure (mm Hg)
- PAs
Pulmonary artery peak pressure (mm Hg)
- PVR
Pulmonary vascular resistance (dyn·s·cm–5)
- PwP
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mm Hg)
- RAP
Right arterial pressure (mm Hg)
- Raw
Airway resistance (cm H2/l/s)
- RNV
Radionuclide ventriculogram
- RV
Residual volume (l)
- RVEF
Right ventricular ejection fraction (%)
- RVEDVI
Right ventricular enddiastolic volume index (ml/m2)
- RVEDVI
SVI RVEF (ml/m2)
- RVESVI
Right ventricular endsystolic index (m2/m2)
- SVI
Stroke volume index (ml/m2)
- TLC
Total lung capacity (l)
- VC
Vital capacity (l) 相似文献
32.
目的:探讨切开心包处理肺静脉或切除部分左心房对提高晚期肺癌患者的外科手术切除率及提高手术疗效的作用.方法:对21例晚期肺癌患者施行肺叶或全肺切除时,在心包内处理肺静脉或切除部分左心房.其中左肺下叶切除6例、左全肺切除4例、右肺中下叶切除6例、右肺下叶切除3例、右全肺切除2例.结果:21例均手术顺利;术后并发心律失常2例,肺炎2例,均治愈.本组1年生存率61.9%(13/21)、3年生存率38.1%(8/21),其中2例生存>5 a.结论:晚期肺癌累及肺静脉根部或左心房时,通过切开心包处理肺静脉或同时切除部分左心房可提高肿瘤的根治率. 相似文献
33.
Jason B. Mattingley Louise A. Corben John L. Bradshaw Judy A. Bradshaw Jim G. Phillips Malcolm K. Horne 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1998,120(2):243-256
Patients with unilateral neglect following right hemisphere damage may have difficulty in moving towards contralesional targets.
To test the hypothesis that this impairment arises from competing motor programs triggered by irrelevant ipsilesional stimuli,
we examined 16 right hemisphere patients, eight with left visual neglect and eight without, in addition to eight healthy control
subjects. In experiment 1 subjects performed sequences of movements using their right hand to targets on the contralesional
or ipsilesional side of the responding limb. The locations of successive targets in each sequence were either predictable
or unpredictable. In separate blocks of trials, targets appeared either alone or with a simultaneous distractor located at
the immediately preceding target location. Neglect patients were significantly slower to execute movements to contralesional
targets, but only for unpredictable movements and in the presence of a concurrent ipsilesional distractor. In contrast, healthy
controls and right hemisphere patients without neglect showed no directional asymmetries of movement execution. In experiment
2 subjects were required to interrupt a predictable, reciprocating sequence of leftward and rightward movements in order to
move to an occasional, unpredictable target that occurred either in the direction opposite to that expected, or in the same
direction but twice the extent. Neglect patients were significantly slower in reprogramming the direction and extent of movements
towards contralesional versus ipsilesional targets, and they also made significantly more errors when executing such movements.
Right hemisphere patients without neglect showed a similar bias in reprogramming direction (but not extent) for contralesional
targets, whereas healthy controls showed no directional asymmetry in either condition. On the basis of these findings we propose
that neglect involves a competitive bias in favour of motor programs for actions directed towards ipsilesional versus contralesional
events. We suggest that programming errors and increased latencies for contralesional movements arise because the damaged
right hemisphere can no longer effectively inhibit the release of inappropriate motor programs towards ipsilesional events.
Received: 1 October 1996 / Accepted: 21 October 1997 相似文献
34.
许铁华 《中国临床解剖学杂志》1988,(2)
本文测量了58具成年尸体食管胸段的长度,用内外相关和自身比例的方法,着重对食管胸段前邻器官的占位及其在胸骨上的投影作了定位研究,并结合临床应用进行了讨论。 相似文献
35.
K. H. Scholz J. Marten Ch. Herrmann U. Spaar U. Tebbe K. L. Neuhaus H. Kreuzer 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1990,68(16):823-829
Summary According to several reports of close correlations between pulmonary artery pressure and ANF plasma levels it would be convenient to replace invasive pressure monitoring by ANF determination.Mean pulmonary artery and right atrial pressures and pulmonary artery as well as peripheral venous ANF plasma concentrations were measured in 24 patients before and after coronary angioplasty (PTCA) continuously at rest and during exercise: At rest, both pressure and ANF-values remained unchanged before and after PTCA. At exercise, there was a decrease of mean pulmonary artery pressure (from 41.3±8.6 to 31.5±7.4 mmHg,p<0.001), mean right atrial pressure (from 11.9±3.0 to 9.0±2.3 mmHg,p< 0.001), pulmonary artery (282.5±191.0 to 207.3±157.2 pg/ml,p<0.05) and peripheral venous (112.7±48.0 to 97.1±53.2 pg/ml, n.s.) ANF concentration after PTCA. We found no correlation between PTCA-induced changes of right arterial pressures and ANF concentrations, while changes of pulmonary artery pressures were significantly correlated to changes of peripheral venous (r=0.79,p<0.001) as well as pulmonary artery (r=0.59,p<0.01) ANF concentrations at exercise. In 6 of the 24 patients, however there was an inverse relationship between changes of pulmonary artery pressures and ANF concentrations. — Our data demonstrate a significant correlation between changes of ANF plasma level and pulmonary artery pressure values at exercise after PTCA. In the individual case however invasive pressure monitoring cannot be replaced by determination of ANF plasma levels.
Abkürzungsverzeichnis ANF Atrialer natriuretischer Faktor - PTCA Perkutane transluminale Koronarangioplastie - PPa mittlerer pulmonalarterieller Druck - PPc mittlerer pulmonalcapillärer Druck - PRA mittlerer rechtsatrialer Druck Herrn Prof. Dr. med F. Scheler zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet 相似文献
Abkürzungsverzeichnis ANF Atrialer natriuretischer Faktor - PTCA Perkutane transluminale Koronarangioplastie - PPa mittlerer pulmonalarterieller Druck - PPc mittlerer pulmonalcapillärer Druck - PRA mittlerer rechtsatrialer Druck Herrn Prof. Dr. med F. Scheler zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet 相似文献
36.
Eric N. Juberg Kenneth P. Minneman Peter W. Abel 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1985,330(3):193-202
Summary The properties of
1- and
2-adrenoceptors in right and left atria of rat heart, and their roles in mediating chronotropic and inotropic responses to-adrenoceptor agonists were examined. [125I](-)-pindolol (125IPIN) bound saturably and specifically to a single class of high affinity sites in homogenates of both right and left atria. Thek
1's for association in right and left atria were 6.5×109 l/mol-min and 2.3×109 l/mol-min respectively, while thek
–1's for dissociation were 0.20 min–1 and 0.17 min–1. The kinetically determinedK
D's were 75 pmol/l in right and 30 pmol/l in left atria and were similar to the equilibriumK
D's determined from Scatchard analysis of saturation isotherms of specific125IPIN binding. Inhibition of125IPIN binding by-adrenoceptor antagonists was stereoselective and the order of potency was timolol > 1-propranolol > d-propranolol > sotalol. Inhibition by
1- and
2-adrenoceptor subtype selective antagonists yielded flat displacement curves with low Hill coefficients. Nonlinear regression analysis of displacement by
1-selective (practolol, atenolol and metoprolol) and
2-selective (ICI 118,551) antagonists gave estimates of the proportion of
1- and
2-adrenoceptors present in rat atria. Right atria contained 67±4.2%
2-adrenoceptors and 33±4.2%
2-adrenoceptor, while left atria contained 67±2.8%
1- and 33±2.8%
2-adrenoceptors. Increases in the rate of spontaneously beating right atria and the force of electrically driven left atria caused by-adrenoceptor agonists were also measured. pA2 values for non-subtype selective-adrenoceptor antagonists in inhibiting isoprenaline-induced increases in rate and force were highly correlated withK
D values determined for specific125IPIN binding. pA2 values for
1- and
2-selective antagonists in inhibiting isoprenaline-induced increases in rate and force correlated well with the pK
D values of these drugs in binding to
1-adrenoceptors, but not with the pK
D values in binding to
2-adrenoceptors. Dose-response curves for stimulation of both rate and force by the
2-selective agonists procaterol and zinterol were shifted to a much greater extent by selective blockade of
1-adrenoceptors with metoprolol than by selective blockade of
2-adrenoceptors with ICI 118,551, suggesting that these compounds caused their effects by activating
1-adrenoceptors. These results suggest that
1- and
2-adrenoceptors coexist in both left and right atria of rat heart in approximately a 21 ratio, however only
1-adrenoceptors mediate the chronotropic and inotropic effects of-adrenoceptor agonists.Supported by a grant from the American Heart Association — Georgia Affiliate 相似文献
37.
白家琪张红宇李作兵王全虹张洁马妍李晓杨杜今 《中国卫生质量管理》2022,(5):091-93
以医疗典型纠纷案例为例,通过厘清相关法律对患者知情同意权行使及代为行使的相关规定,探讨知情同意权代为行使行为的界定。启示如下:知情同意权代为行使应设前置条件进行限制和约束;代为行使主体包括近亲属或关系人、委托代理人;患者本人意见具有首要优先性,委托代理人意见应优先于近亲属意见。 相似文献
38.
39.
JS Tsang Chi Chung Foo Jeremy Yip Hok Kwok Choi Wai Lun Law Oswens Siu Hung Lo 《The surgeon》2021,19(3):150-155
IntroductionThe difference in outcome between right (RCD) and left colonic diverticulitis (LCD) is not well established. The aim of this study was to analyse the presentation and surgical outcome of RCD versus left-sided disease following emergency surgery.MethodWe conducted a retrospective review of patients presenting with acute diverticulitis over a 10-year period from 2004 to 2014 to a tertiary unit. Patient demographics, Hinchey classification, need for emergency surgery, perioperative outcome and recurrence were evaluated.ResultsIn total 360 patients presented with acute diverticulitis, 218 (61%) were right-sided and 142 (39%) were left-sided. The mean age (57 yrs vs 68 yrs) and median length of stay (4 days vs 5 days) were significantly less in RCD (p < 0.001). The need for emergency surgery was similar between RCD and LCD (30.7% vs 23.2%, p = 0.12). Sixty-seven (31%) patients with RCD required emergency surgery, 42 (62.7%) of these were based on a presumptive diagnosis of appendicitis and underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy only. Operative morbidity (10.4% vs 51.5%, p < 0.001) and mortality were significantly higher in LCD (1.5% v 15.2%, p = 0.007). Subgroup analysis of non-appendicectomy, RCD patients, showed LCD were more likely to require surgery (11.5% vs 23.2%, p = 0.003). There was no difference in recurrence (p = 0.6).ConclusionRight colonic diverticulitis patients are younger and disease course is more benign compared to LCD. Presentation can be confused with appendicitis without proper imaging. In the rare cases where emergency surgery is required, RCD is associated with a lower operative morbidity and mortality compared to left-sided disease. 相似文献
40.