上田法对脑瘫儿运动功能改善的疗效评价

目的　为了研究上田法与Vojta等法对脑瘫儿运动功能改善情况。方法　将 5 8例脑瘫儿 (包括 3岁以上及重症脑瘫儿 )分为年龄相同的两组 ,分别采用上田法与Vojta等法治疗 ,疗程≥ 1个月。 结果　上田组的坐位功能改善较Vojta组明显 (P <0 0 1)。在上田组中 ,3岁以上脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (5 7 0 4± 31 92 )分和 (78 5 2± 2 0 83)分 ,重症脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (10 5 4± 9 6 1)分和 (31 5 2± 15 0 3)分。而Vojta组中 ,3岁以上脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (73 33± 31 86 )分和 (80 37± 2 4 76 )分 ,重症脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (2 3 5 5± 2 1 98)分和 (2 9 33± 2 5 2 1)分。结论　上田法对脑瘫儿坐位功能改善优于Vojta等法 ,尤其对 3岁以上脑瘫儿及重症脑瘫儿效果更佳     

肉苁蓉总苷对~(60)Coγ射线损伤小鼠免疫功能的防护作用

目的　研究肉苁蓉总苷 (GCs)对 6 0 Co损伤小鼠免疫功能及 30 d存活率的影响。方法　小鼠在不同剂量6 0 Coγ射线照射前后 ,均服以 GCs,观察辐射及 GCs对其免疫功能的改变。结果　 6 0 Co照射剂量为 2 ,4及 7Gy时 ,可造成小鼠体液免疫、细胞免疫功能和非特异性免疫功能及 30 d存活率下降 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ;GCs(31.2 5 ,6 2 .5 ,12 5 m g/ kg)组可促进上述各指标的恢复 ,对 6 0 Co损伤小鼠的抗体产生、外周血 T淋巴细胞数目、迟发型超敏反应、腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能均有明显保护作用 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 ) ;且能提高受照小鼠的脾指数、胸腺指数及 30 d存活率 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 GCs对辐射损伤小鼠的免疫功能具有较强防护作用     

影响柴油低温流动改进剂作用的因素

考察了柴油对流动改进剂的感受性与柴油正构烷烃含量、正构烷烃分布等因素的关系。流动改进剂的作用与正构烷烃含量有最佳匹配点。柴油中正构烷烃的平均碳数减少,冷滤点越低。柴油中正构烷烃的分布与流动改进剂的熔点匹配时,改进剂的效果最好。由此进一步分析了柴油流动改进剂的作用机理。     

Effect of Fuzheng Kangbai Granule (扶正抗白冲剂) on Immune Function and Survival Time in Minimal Residual Leukemia Model Mice

Ｍｉｎｉｍａｌｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａ（ＭＲＬ）ｉｓｔｈｅｏｒｉｇｉｎｏｆｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａｒｅｌａｐｓｅ,ｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭＲＬｉｓｔｈｅｋｅｙ ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｎ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｇｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａｒｅｌａｐｓｅａｎｄｐｒｏｌｏｎｇｉｎｇｔｈｅｉｌｌｎｅｓｓ ｆｒｅｅｓｕｒｖｉｖａｌｏｆｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ．ＴＣＭｈｏｌｄｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍａｎｉｆｅｓｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭＲＬｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｅｄｏｆｔｗｏｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ：ｔｈｅ Ｅｖｉｌｅｌｉｍｉｎａ…     

肾透明细胞癌和卵巢癌与HLAI类抗原关联性研究

目的 分析HLAI类抗原与肾透明细胞癌和卵巢癌的关联性。为确定与这些肿瘤的易感性和抵抗性有关的基因。并为寻找肿瘤特异性的抗原肽,开展肿瘤免疫诊断和治疗奠定基础。方法 实验采用微量淋巴细胞毒试验。分析82例肾透明细胞癌和21例卵巢癌患者外周血HLA-A抗原和-B抗原的抗原频率。结果 与肾透明细胞癌和卵巢癌关联的HLAI类完全不同,其中与肾透明细胞癌关联的位点大大多于卵巢癌的位点,有A9、A11、A28、BG15、B22、B27和B40;而与卵巢癌关联的HLAI类抗原位点只有A10、A36和B12,且卵巢癌关联A10抗原保持显著关联。结论 HLAI类抗原关联性研究显示,HLA-A10可能为卵巢癌提供抵抗性。     

64例狼疮性肾炎大剂量环磷酰胺冲击治疗的研究

目的　观察大剂量环磷酰胺冲击治疗狼疮性肾炎的疗效。方法　对 6 4例狼疮肾炎 ( L N ,其尿红细胞 >10个 /高倍视野 ,2 4小时尿蛋白 >1g,血肌酐 >133μmol/ L )进行大剂量环磷酰胺 ( CTX)冲击治疗 (每月 1次 ,共 6次 ,其后每 3月 1次 ,共 6次 )。结果　 49例 L N患者达到肾脏损害缓解 ( 2 4小时尿蛋白 <1g;血肌酐 <133μmol/ L ;尿沉渣内红细胞 <10个 /高倍视野 ;尿管型消失 )。达到肾脏病变缓解所需冲击次数平均为 3.6次 ( 1～8次 )。每次用 CTX剂量均数 1.1g( 0 .6～ 1.6 g)。副作用有闭经 (发生率 33% ) ;带状疱疹 (发生率 13% ) ;出血性膀胱炎 1例。结论　此治疗方案治疗 L N有效 ,安全 ,副作用小     

泡桐刨花用作实验小鼠垫料的研究

泡桐茎高大 ,通气组织蓬松 ,富含纤维。测定 4 8h吸水量 ,每克泡桐刨花吸水 3.31± 0 .2 4g ,椴木刨花吸水 3.4 2± 0 .18g ,两者差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。但高于玉米棒芯吸水量 2 .4 3± 0 .17g(P <0 .0 5)。不同年龄小鼠 (指孕鼠、乳鼠、青年鼠 )对泡桐刨花垫料的适应性均较好 ,生长发育和繁殖良好。以泡桐刨花作垫料 ,饲养的KM小鼠在 6个月和 12个月时 ,活体骨髓多染性红细胞微核率分别为 ( 3.2 6± 0 .37)‰和( 3.60± 0 .4 5)‰ ,均在正常范围之内。表明泡桐刨花垫料没有致畸作用。     

Efficacy and Safety of Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab Following Disease Progression on Atezolizumab or Sunitinib Monotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in IMmotion150: A Randomized Phase 2 Clinical Trial

BackgroundThe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapy as second-line treatment for metastatic clear cell renal cancer (mRCC) has not been evaluated prospectively.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab + bevacizumab following disease progression on atezolizumab or sunitinib monotherapy in patients with mRCC.Design, setting, and participantsIMmotion150 was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 study of patients with untreated mRCC. Patients randomized to the atezolizumab or sunitinib arm who had investigator-assessed progression as per RECIST 1.1 could be treated with second-line atezolizumab + bevacizumab.InterventionPatients received atezolizumab 1200 mg intravenously (IV) plus bevacizumab 15 mg/kg IV every 3 wk following disease progression on either atezolizumab or sunitinib monotherapy.Outcome measurements and statistical analysisThe secondary endpoints analyzed during the second-line part of IMmotion150 included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. PFS was examined using Kaplan-Meier methods.Results and limitationsFifty-nine patients in the atezolizumab arm and 78 in the sunitinib arm were eligible, and 103 initiated second-line atezolizumab + bevacizumab (atezolizumab arm, n = 44; sunitinib arm, n = 59). ORR (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 27% (19–37%). The median PFS (95% CI) from the start of second line was 8.7 (5.6–13.7) mo. The median event follow-up duration was 19.4 (12.9–21.9) mo among the 25 patients without a PFS event. Eighty-six (83%) patients had treatment-related adverse events; 31 of 103 (30%) had grade 3/4 events. Limitations were the small sample size and selection for progressors.ConclusionsThe atezolizumab + bevacizumab combination had activity and was tolerable in patients with progression on atezolizumab or sunitinib. Further studies are needed to investigate sequencing strategies in mRCC.Patient summaryPatients with advanced kidney cancer whose disease had worsened during treatment with atezolizumab or sunitinib began second-line treatment with atezolizumab + bevacizumab. Tumors shrank in more than one-quarter of patients treated with this combination, and side effects were manageable.     

Utilidad de la embolización vascular prequirúrgica de tumores renales con trombo tumoral en la vena renal izquierda

Introduction and objectivesPreoperative renal artery embolization (PRAE) for large renal masses may be performed prior to nephrectomy in order to simplify the procedure and reduce intraoperative bleeding. The objective of this work is to determine the role of PRAE on intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications in left renal tumors with tumor thrombus limited to the left renal vein (level 0).Material and methodsRetrospective analysis to evaluate 46 patients who underwent left radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma with level 0 tumor thrombus during the period 1990-2020. PRAE was limited to those cases in which surgical access to the main renal artery was presumed a priori difficult in the preoperative imaging study (n = 9; 19.6%). Intraoperative bleeding was estimated based on the perioperative transfusion rate, and postoperative complications were categorized according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. The Chi-squared test was used for comparisons. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of transfusion and complications.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the overall complication rate (11.1% vs. 32.4%, P = .19), major complication rate (0% vs.8.1%, P = .51), or transfusion rate (11.1% vs. 19%, P = .49) between both groups (PRAE vs. non-PRAE). In the multivariate analysis, PRAE did not behave as a predictor of complications (OR:0.11, 95%CI 0.01-2.86; P = .18) nor transfusion (OR:0.46, 95%CI 0.02-7.38;P = .58).ConclusionsIn our study on left renal cell carcinomas with level 0 tumor thrombus and difficult access to the main renal artery, PRAE was not associated with increased bleeding or postoperative complications, and it did not behave as an independent predictor of these variables. Therefore, it could be used as a preoperative maneuver to facilitate vascular management in selected cases.     

Probucol improves erectile function by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

This study was to explore the effect and mechanism of Probucol on STZ-induced erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats. Thirty SD male rats aged 12 weeks were given intraperitoneal injection of STZ after fasting for 12 hr. Diabetic rats were haphazardly partitioned under two assemblies and administered 0 or 500 mg/kg probucol by oral gavage to 12 weeks. Control group was intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline, and saline was administered by oral gavage daily. Intracorporeal pressure was used to evaluate erectile function. Levels of proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. α-SMA and vWF were detected using immunofluorescence staining. After treatment, erectile function in probucol group was significantly improved. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins were expressed higher in DM group than in sham group, while expression of these proteins decreased significantly in probucol group. However, α-SMA and vWF were expressed at lower levels in DM group than in sham group, and probucol treatment reversed this phenomenon. Finally, Bax and Caspase3 were expressed at higher levels and Bcl-2 was expressed at lower levels in DM group, while the opposite result was obtained in probucol group. In conclusions, probucol improves erectile function by reducing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway in STZ-induced diabetic rats.