不同地区妇女产褥期卫生行为研究

目的 了解江苏、陕西和贵州三省妇女产褥期卫生行为和保健的一般情况;比较 不同地区间产褥期各种卫生行为的发生率;了解影响产褥期卫生行为的相关因素。方法 用问卷调查的形式对三者１２个县的２３５２例２岁以下儿童母亲进行入户访问。结果 江苏、陕西、贵州三者产褥期各卫生行为的发和衣次为：洗头２６．４％,３８．８％,１９．８％, 下身（指外阴部,下同）８３．３％,２６．９％,６４．０％,正常活动７６．９％,７     

Role of disturbance of ependymal ciliary movement in development of hydrocephalus in rats

We have developed a new in vitro method of quantitatively analyzing ciliary movement in the ependymal wall of the aqueduct in rats. An axial slice of the midbrain containing ependymal wall was placed in a culture dish filled with a culture medium containing latex beads 1 m in diameter at a concentration of 10⁷ beads/ml. The movement of the beads caused by flow of culture medium generated by the to-and-fro ciliary movement was recorded by a high speed video system attached to an inverted phase-contrast microscope. Ciliary movement was expressed by the speed of the latex beads (m/s). Aqueductal ciliary movement in congenitally hydrocephalic HTX rats, congenitally hydrocephalic WIC-Hyd rats, and other normal rats was evaluated. The results suggest that in congenitally hydrocephalic WIC-Hyd rats the degree of hydrocephalus related strongly to the degree of ciliary dyskinesia, but in congenitally hydrocephalic HTX rats it did not. Considering this discrepancy, we attempted to see whether or not hydrocephalus was caused by artificial disturbance of ependymal ciliary movement in vivo. We found that continuous infusion of metavana date, an inhibitor of ciliary movement, into the III ventricle of normal Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days induced dilatation of the ventricular system. Although the question whether or not disturbance of aqueductal ependymal ciliary movement is related to the development of human congenital hydrocephalus is debatable, the results of the present in vitro and in vivo experimental investigations appear to suggest that the disturbance of ciliary movement in the aqueduct could at least be one of the factors contributing to the inducement of hydrocephalus in experimental conditions.     

Assessment of vascularity in breast carcinoma by computer-assisted video analysis (CAVA) and its association with axillary lymph node status

Case-control methodology was used to evaluate the significance of vascularity in small breast carcinomas with regard to the presence or absence of axillary lymph node metastases. Vascularity was assessed in 32 axillary node positive primary breast tumours (LN+ve) less than 2 cm in size and compared with 56 control axillary node negative primary tumours (LN–ve), which were matched for histological type and grade and tumour size. This study design employed computer-assisted video analysis (CAVA) to assess the total blood vessel perimeter (BVP), total blood vessel area (BVA), and total blood vessel density (BVD) throughout a tissue section that encompassed an entire cross section of the tumour and its immediate periphery. The BVA and BVD in these tumours were not significantly different between LN+ve and LN–ve groups. The LN–ve carcinomas had, on average, a significantly (P < 0.05) higher total BVP (3355 µm/mm²) than LN+ve tumours (2771 µm/mm²). 'Hot spot' areas were also independently assessed by two pathologists and the same areas measured by CAVA. A strong correlation (P < 0.001) between the two methods of assessment of BVD of the neovascular 'hot spots' was found; however, no association with axillary lymph node metastasis was found using either method of assessment. In conclusion, vascularity assessed by either blood vessel density or blood vessel size in primary invasive breast cancers less than 2 cm in diameter showed no association with axillary lymph node metastasis; in fact a negative association was found with total BVP of whole tumour sections and BVD in 'hot spots' using CAVA. Further, this study has established a computer-assisted method of quantifying vascularity in solid neoplasms and is a positive step towards a standardised approach to this diverse and methodologically variable area.     

Remote memory in epilepsy

PURPOSE: There is now a considerable amount of research relating to memory functioning in epilepsy. The majority of studies have focused on the retention of new information, and few reports have measured memory for past events. This study aims to redress this and measure the efficiency of remote memory in epilepsy. METHODS: A remote memory questionnaire was prepared and administered to three groups of patients with epilepsy and a control group without epilepsy. The questionnaire assessed knowledge of public events that occurred between 1980 and 1991, inclusive. The epilepsy groups comprised 33 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 33 with extratemporal epilepsy (ExTE), and 10 with primary generalized epilepsy (PGE). Thirty control subjects were tested. RESULTS: Patients with TLE performed significantly less well on the questionnaire than all other groups (p = 0.001), but no effect of laterality was recorded; patients with extratemporal or primary generalised epilepsy did not differ from controls. Performance on the questionnaire was not determined by verbal IQ, educational achievement, social class, or drug treatment, but was related to the number of generalised convulsions that had occurred since 1980. The strongest neuropsychological predictors of performance on this questionnaire were measures of verbal memory. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated weak memory for past events in patients with TLE, thereby providing evidence of a broader memory disturbance in this group than has been previously highlighted. A test of remote memory, such as the one designed for this study, is easy to administer and provides clinically important information not available from conventional neuropsychological tests.     

Prevention of Problem Gambling: Modifying Misconceptions and Increasing Knowledge Among Canadian Youths

Research on gambling demonstrates that youths are involved in gambling activities. As they take part in these activities, young people develop and maintain irrational thoughts about gambling and become at risk for developing severe gambling problems. In a previous study, a French video was designed specifically to correct misconceptions and increase knowledge about gambling (Ferland, Ladouceur, & Vitaro, 2002). Findings indicated that the video significantly improves subjects' knowledge about gambling and corrects their misconceptions. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the English version of that video. The sample comprised 506 grade 7 and 8 English speaking students from Canada. The results confirmed the efficacy of the video in increasing knowledge of gambling and correcting misconceptions concerning the outcome of these games. The implications of these results for the prevention of gambling problems are discussed.     

医学声像示教实时双向同步传输系统的研制

研制开发病房大楼手术摄像、内窥镜、电子显微镜、病理图像等医学声像信号与科教（培训交流）中心、阶梯教室、示教室、主任办公室等终端医学声像信号的实时双向同步传输示教系统，以弥补PACS系统单向、帧传、滞后的缺陷．为大型学术交流、现场教学示教观摩提供技术支持。     

手术显微镜视频系统

SQL Server2000数据库与VC＋＋6.0软件平台的医用手术显微镜视频专家系统，通过专业医用视频图像采集卡将显微镜视频信号引入计算机，实现手术图像的采集、显示；同时，病历管理系统对采集图像进行编辑、处理、管理、并自动生成病人电子病历，可打印图文兼备的报告单，它可与任何手术显微镜配套使用，实现显微镜手术和病灶诊断2种功能。     

A Numerical Measurement Method for Dynamic Granular Materials Based on Computer Vision

Granular materials are widespread in nature and human production, and their macro-mechanical behavior is significantly affected by granule movement. The development of computer vision has brought some new ideas for measuring the numerical information (including the amount of translation, the rotation angle, velocity, acceleration, etc.) of dynamic granular materials. In this paper, we propose a numerical measurement method for dynamic granular materials based on computer vision. Firstly, an improved video instance segmentation (VIS) network is introduced to perform end-to-end multi-task learning, and its temporal feature fusion module and tracking head with long-sequence external memory can improve the problems of poor video data quality and high similarity in appearance of granular materials, respectively. Secondly, the numerical information can be extracted through a series of post-processing steps. Finally, the effectiveness of the measurement method is verified by comparing the numerical measurement results with the real values. The experimental results indicate that our improved VIS obtains an average precision (AP) of 76.6, the relative errors and standard deviations are maintained at a low level, and this method can effectively be used to measure the numerical information of dynamic granular materials. This study provides an intelligent proposal for the task of measuring numerical information of dynamic granular materials, which is of great significance for studying the spatial distribution, motion mode and macro-mechanical behavior of granular materials.     

基于移动互联网的前庭康复训练指导平台的开发与应用

前庭康复训练是治疗前庭疾病、改善眩晕症状的重要手段。缘于此类患者数量较多、训练场地不足、康复师缺乏以及医疗用费等因素,前庭康复训练在各级医院的开展受到限制。随着智能手机和移动互联网的普及使用,居家康复锻炼、远程指导成为可能。基于B/S 模式结构进行设计,研发成功“前庭康复训练远程指导平台”,支持智能手机移动终端无线接入,分为IOS及安卓版本。该平台的建立为患者居家进行前庭康复功能锻炼远程指导、疗效评估及随访等提供更为便捷、顺畅有效的途径,提高前庭康复的效率和依从性,并降低前庭康复的技术壁垒、场地限制以及人力成本。论文对该平台的功能设计、相关技术实现以及运行效果论述。     

基于嵌入式Linux操作系统的内窥镜视频系统的软件设计

基于嵌入式Linux操作系统设计了一款便携式内窥镜视频系统,集成了图片拍摄、视频录制、画面缩放、存储卡访问等功能。本文主要阐述了该视频系统的软件设计过程,即采用多媒体处理器TMS320DM368作为硬件平台,采用嵌入式Linux操作系统和数字媒体开发包DVSDK作为软件平台进行软件设计。