The relationships among monocyte subsets,miRNAs and inflammatory cytokines in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Background

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) causes irreversible myocardial damage and release of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines and miRNAs. We aimed to investigate changes in the levels of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10), miRNAs profiles (miR-146 and miR-155) and distribution of different monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16-, CD14++CD16+, CD14+CD16++) in the acute and post-healing phases of AMI.

心理护理在ICU重症护理中的效果观察

目的探讨心理护理在ICU重症护理中的效果。方法选定本科于2017年6月-2019年8月收诊的ICU重症患者86例,等距抽样法分为对照组(43例,传统式护理)与观察组(43例,心理护理联合传统式护理)2组,比较2组ICU重症患者的护理满意率、情绪评分(SAS/SDS)指标。结果观察组ICU重症患者干预结束后的满意率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组ICU重症患者干预结束后的SAS评分(32.52±3.26)分、SDS评分(30.09±3.45)分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论心理护理应用于ICU重症患者,可对其满意度、安全性进行保证。     

A cross-sectional examination of sociodemographic factors associated with meeting physical activity recommendations in overweight and obese US adults

ObjectiveObesity has reached epidemic proportions in the US. Physical activity is an important component of obesity reduction, but little is known about contemporary exercise levels among overweight/obese American adults. In this study, we compared current physical activity levels in overweight and obese US adults to those of normal weight individuals as well as ascertained which sociodemographic factors influence the meeting of physical activity recommendations in these three groups.MethodsWe used national data from 2015 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys (n = 726,075). Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine unadjusted physical activity levels in normal weight, overweight, and obese adults. We fit multinomial logistic models to identify associations between sociodemographic factors and meeting physical activity recommendations in our study population.ResultsAround 45% of overweight and 57% of obese adults failed to meet physical activity guidelines compared to 41% of normal weight adults. Age, sex, and race were significantly associated with physical activity levels for both overweight and obese adults. In overweight and obese individuals, associations between sociodemographic factors and physical activity were more similar between the two comparisons of insufficiently active (IA) versus active (A)/highly active (HA) and A versus HA but quite different to those in the inactive (IN) versus IA/A/HA comparison.ConclusionsFuture physical activity interventions should be aimed at increasing the number of overweight and obese US adults who meet physical activity guidelines as well as targeted towards specific sociodemographic groups within the overweight/obese population with low exercise levels.     

肝癌介入术治疗患者术中应用心理护理的效果

目的研究在肝癌介入术治疗患者中应用心理护理干预的临床价值。方法本文数据计算目标是2018年1月-2019年6月的60例肝癌介入术治疗患者,以随机数字表法的形式进行分组研究,常规组(n=30)开展一般护理干预,心理组(n=30)开展心理护理干预,比较心理组与常规组肝癌介入术治疗患者临床护理情况。结果心理组肝癌介入术治疗患者治疗后临床护理满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分与常规组比较,两组治疗后肝癌介入术治疗患者焦虑评分、抑郁评分与治疗前比较,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论将心理护理干预应用在肝癌介入术治疗患者中可提升护理满意度。     

Addressing Substance Use in Adolescents: Screening,Brief Intervention,and Referral to Treatment

Adolescent substance use is a national public health crisis. The most commonly used substances among adolescents are nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana. Use of these substances during adolescence has serious adverse effects on brain development, with impairments that can endure into adulthood. Advanced practice nurses in primary care can address substance use in the adolescent population with the use of evidence-based interventions, such as Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT). This article describes trends in adolescent substance use and use of the SBIRT intervention for low, medium, and high-risk use in this population.     

四方联动防跌护理在社区跌倒高危老年人中的应用

目的探讨专科护士-社区护士-个体-家庭四方联动防跌护理模式在社区跌倒高危老年人中的应用与效果。方法选取深圳市龙岗区的2个社区,随机分为观察组和对照组,从两个社区登记建档的跌倒高风险老年居民中分别随机抽选45名进行干预。观察组采用"专科护士-社区护士-个体-家庭"四方联动推进的综合干预方案。对照组接受社区防跌倒常规护理。于干预前及干预后12个月使用修订版社区老年人跌倒危险评估量表、步态和平衡测试量表对两组老年人进行评测,记录两组1年内跌倒发生例次。结果干预期间跌倒发生情况:观察组1人次,对照组6人次。观察组步态和平衡测试得分提高,跌倒危险评估表得分降低,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论四方联动的综合干预方案应用于社区居家老年人,能有效降低老年人跌倒风险,提升其防跌能力,对预防社区老年人跌倒的发生有积极作用。     

大承气汤足浴和足底穴位按摩护理干预改善肿瘤切除术后化疗引起便秘临床观察

目的观察大承气汤足浴和足底穴位按摩护理干预对改善肿瘤切除术引起便秘的效果。方法选择2017年1月—2018年1月收治的60例住院患者,进行肿瘤切除术后随机均分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予一般护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上使用大承气汤足浴和足底穴位按摩辅助治疗,观察患者术后便秘情况的发生率和治疗效果,对数据进行统计分析。结果对照组和观察组患者的便秘发生率有显著差异(P<0.05),对照组和观察组患者的粪便性状有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论应用大承气汤足浴和足底穴位按摩护理干预可改善肿瘤切除术后引起的便秘情况,值得推广使用。     

2015—2018年某地上岗前职业健康检查职业禁忌证检出情况分析

采用描述性流行病研究方法，对2015—2018年某地上岗前职业禁忌证的构成和职业病危害因素分布进行统计学分析。结果显示，噪声、苯及苯系物作业和各类特殊工种的上岗前职业禁忌证检出率较高；双耳高频平均听阈N40dBHL而被列为噪声作业上岗前职业禁忌证者占56.98%。提示《职业健康监护技术规范》(GBZ188—2014)仍需完善，以最大限度地保证劳动者的职业健康。