喉鳞状细胞癌中肝细胞生长因子受体的表达及意义

目的研究肝细胞生长因子受体（c-Met）在喉鳞状细胞癌患者组织及血浆中的表达,探讨c—Met在喉鳞状细胞癌发生、发展所起的作用。方法喉鳞状细胞癌及喉乳头状瘤患者进行调查,并且设立正常对照组,应用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组血浆c—Met水平;应用半定量RT—PCR法和免疫组织化学法分别检测各组组织中c—MetmRNA及c—Met蛋白的表达。结果喉鳞状细胞癌患者血浆中的c—Met水平明显高于喉乳头状瘤患者和正常人群（均P〈0．05）。喉鳞状细胞癌组织中的c—Met水平明显高于喉乳头状瘤组织和正常组织（均P〈0．05）。结论c—Met在喉鳞状细胞癌组织及血浆中呈高表达,可能与喉鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展有关。     

Nucleus accumbens and impulsivity

The multifaceted concept of impulsivity implies that different impulsivity aspects, mediated by different neural processes, influence behavior at different levels. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key component of the neural processes regulating impulsivity. In this review, we discuss the findings of lesion studies in animals and functional imaging studies in humans focusing on the role of the NAc in impulsivity. Evidence supports that the extent and pattern of involvement of the NAc, and its subregions, the core and the shell, vary among different facets of impulsivity. Data from imaging studies reviewed in this article suggest the involvement of the ventral striatum/NAc in impulsive choice. Findings of animal studies indicate that lesions of the NAc core subregion facilitated impulsivity in tasks involving intertemporal choice, and promoted a risk-averse, less impulsive, tendency in tasks involving options with probability differences. Modification of neurotransmitter activity, especially of dopamine, which is proposed to underlie the changes observed in functional imaging studies, has been shown to influence afferent input pattern in the NAc and the generation of the behavioral output. Parameters of behavioral tasks reflecting response inhibition function are altered by neurochemical interventions and local electrical stimulation in both the core and the shell subregions. In toto, NAc's pattern of neuronal activity, either genetically determined or acquired, has a critical impact on the interindividual variation in the expression of impulsivity. Nevertheless, the NAc is not the only substrate responsible for impulsivity and it is not involved in each facet of impulsivity to the same extent.     

pcDNA3.1/hIL-18真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的 :构建重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/IL 18,并在哺乳动物细胞COS 7和Rlc310中进行瞬时和稳定性表达。方法 :从含hIL 18基因的中介载体 pGEM TEasy( pGEM T/hIL 18)中 ,以限制性内切酶酶切方法获得目的片段 ,克隆入真核表达质粒 pcDNA3.1( )中。以脂质体法转染COS 7和Rlc310细胞 ,用RT PCR检测IL 18mRNA的水平 ,免疫组化染色法检测蛋白表达。结果 :构建了hIL 18基因的重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/IL 18,并可在哺乳动物细胞中瞬时、稳定表达 ,获得了可稳定表达hIL 18基因的Rlc310细胞株。结论 :pcDNA3.1/IL 18的构建及表达 ,为IL 18抗肿瘤作用的研究奠定了基础     

HLA class II DQA and DQB epitopes: Recognition of the likely binding sites of HLA-DQ alloantibodies eluted from recombinant HLA-DQ single antigen cell lines

Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in sera of sensitized transplant patients are often produced against the specific epitopes on mismatched HLA antigens. In this study, we selected sera from 30 kidney transplant patients with DSA and AMR to define DQ epitopes. Using adsorption and elution assays, we identified 18 antibody reaction patterns to define 6 new epitopes and to confirm 12 previously defined epitopes. In one patient case, one mismatched antigen produced 3 different antibodies and, in another, antibodies were produced against the alpha and beta chains of the same antigen. For some sera, a single epitope can explain reactions for 27 of the 29 DQ beads in the single antigen panel.     

黄病毒属病毒CODEHOP RT—PCR检测方法的建立

目的建立一种能快速检测黄病毒属病毒的CODEHOPRT—PCR方法。方法根据GenBank发丧的不同黄病毒多聚蛋白氯基酸序列,利用CODEHOP方法设计合成一对引物,建立能快速检测黄病毒属所有病毒的CODE～HOPRT—PCR方法,并用3种不同病毒株对该方法进行特异性和灵敏度评价。结果建立的CODEHOPRTPCR能埘黄病毒RNA进行特导性扩增,目的片段的大小（400-500bp）和序列与预期结果相符。该方法对黄病毒恢酸的最小检出量为8Pg。结论建立的CODEHOPRT—PCR方法特异强、灵敏高,可用于黄病毒的榆测。     

多西他赛联合奥沙利铂并同步放疗治疗局部晚期宫颈鳞癌的疗效观察

[目的]探讨多西他赛联合奥沙利铂并同步放疗治疗局部晚期宫颈鳞癌患者的近期疗效及安全性.[方法]选取2013年7月至2015年1月本院收治的局部晚期宫颈鳞癌患者125例,根据不同治疗方法,将125例患者分为顺铂组(59例)和多西他赛+奥沙利铂组(TP组)(66例),顺铂组给予放疗+顺铂单药同步化疗,TP组给予放疗+多西他赛联合奥沙利铂同步化疗,比较两组近期疗效及不良反应发生率.[结果]TP组的总有效率为93.9％(62/66),明显高于顺铂组81.3％(48/59),其差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TP组胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制、放射性直肠炎和放射性膀胱炎的发生率分别为83.3％、98.5％、95.5％和66.7％,而顺铂组则分别为的91.5％、96.6％、91.5％和54.2％,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).[结论]多西他赛联合奥沙利铂并同步放疗用于局部晚期宫颈鳞癌的治疗安全、有效,值得临床推广应用.     

黄芪多糖注射液对肺癌术后放化疗患者肝功能、脂糖代谢及免疫功能的影响

[目的] 探讨黄芪多糖注射液对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)术后放化疗患者肝功能、脂糖代谢及免疫功能的影响.[方法] NSCLC患者87例,分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=42),术后均予以放化疗综合治疗.观察组在此基础上应用黄芪多糖注射液,比较两组治疗前后谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)等肝功能指标、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)等糖脂代谢指标及CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群等免疫指标.[结果] 两组治疗前各指标相比较差异均无显著性(P<0.05);治疗后两组ALT、AST均治疗前升高(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后的ALT、AST均低于对照组(P<0.05).治疗后观察组FPG、2hPG、HDL-C无明显变化(P<0.05),对照组FPG、2hPG、HDL-C高于治疗前及观察组治疗后(均P<0.05).治疗后两组CD8+均无明显变化(P<0.05),观察组CD4+高于治疗前及对照组治疗后(均P<0.05).[结论] 黄芪多糖注射液可有效减轻肺癌术后放化疗患者的肝功能损伤,增强机体免疫,缓解化疗所引起的血糖、血脂升高情况,提高患者耐受性.     

Impact of metformin use on survival in locally-advanced,inoperable non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive chemoradiation

Background

We investigated survival outcomes in diabetic patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent metformin and definitive chemoradiation.

Methods

This single-institution, retrospective cohort study included 166 patients with NSCLC who were treated definitively with chemoradiation between 1999 and 2013. Of 40 patients who had type II diabetes, 20 (50%) were on metformin, and 20 (50%) were not on metformin. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Kaplan Meier method and log-rank test were performed in survival analysis. Cox regression was utilized in univariate analysis of potential confounders.

Results

Median follow-up was 17.0 months. Compared with non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients on metformin demonstrated similar OS (16.3 vs. 14.3 mo, P=0.23), PFS (11.6 vs. 9.7 mo, P=0.26), LRRFS (14.1 vs. 11.9 mo, P=0.78), and DMFS (13.4 vs. 10.0 mo, P=0.69). Compared with diabetic patients not on metformin, diabetic patients on metformin also exhibited similar OS (14.3 vs. 19.2 mo, P=0.18), PFS (19.7 vs. 10.1 mo, P=0.38), LRRFS (11.9 vs. 15.5 mo, P=0.69), and DMFS (10.0 vs. 17.4 mo, P=0.12). Identified negative prognostic factors on included squamous cell histology, lower performance status, higher T stage, and non-caucasian ethnicity.

Conclusions

No statistically significant differences in survival or patterns of failure were found among the three cohorts in this small set of patients. No statistically significant differences in survival or patterns of failure were found between the three cohorts in this small set of patients. Though it is possible that metformin use may in fact have no effect on survival in NSCLC patients treated with definitive RT, larger-scale retrospective and prospective studies are implicated for clarification.