先天性心脏病儿童白细胞介素2活性及膜表面白细胞介素2受体的研究

目的 研究先天性心脏病（先心病）患儿的免疫功能状态。方法 采用间接免疫荧光检测膜表面白细胞介素2受体（Tac）、植物血凝素刺激后的膜表面白细胞介素2受体（Tac-a),MTT比色法检测白细胞介素2活性（IL－2）。结果 与健康儿童比较,先心病患儿IL－2活性和Tac-a都显著降低（P＜0．01）;与非紫绀型先心病患儿比较,紫绀型先心病患儿IL－2活性显著降低（P＜0．01）。结论 先心病患儿免疫功能缺陷可能是其易患感染性疾病的原因之一,增强免疫治疗对预防先心病患儿感染十分必要。     

Human Peripheral Eosinophils with Receptors for IgM: Demonstration and Ultrastructural Morphology

Receptors for IgM were detected on peripheral blood human eosinophils by a rosette technique with ox red blood cells coated with the IgM fraction of the specific immunserum. Between 14 % and 43 % (mean 27 %) FcµR positive cells were found after an overnight incubation period at 37°C by using this technique. The specificity of the receptors for IgM was assessed by studying the inhibitory capacity of purified human IgM in the rosette assay. From an ultrastructural point of view, the EA^M rosette-forming cells are mature eosinophlic granulocytes characterized by a nucleus with a variable number of lobes and a certain number of «first type» granules partially or totally devoid of their content.     

A TLC screening program for 170 commonly used pesticides using the corrected Rf value (R f c value)

Summary This article reports TLC data (corrected R_f values; R _f ^c values) of 170 commonly used pesticides which are regularly encountered in toxicological analysis. Silica gel was used as the stationary phase and three binary systems were chosen as solvents.     

Endometrial assessment in a group of infertile women on stimulated cycles for IVF: immunohistochemical findings

An immunohistochemical assessment of the endometrium was carried out in a group of IVF patients on stimulated cycles, in order to evaluate this technique against standard histological methods and to consider its application in a clinical situation. Monoclonal antibodies to the two cycle-dependent proteins: pregnancy associated endometrial alpha 2-globulin (alpha 2-PEG) and 24K (a protein originally isolated from an oestrogen-dependent breast tumour line, MCF-7) were used in the experiment. Immunohistochemical results concerning the effect of drug stimulation, age and date of biopsy on the secretory state of the endometrium revealed trends which were consistent with previous histological data, helping to confirm the value of this new technique. In addition, several specimens were found to have a normal, i.e. in phase, histological appearance but to have an atypical pattern of protein secretion. These observations suggest that biochemical monitoring of the uterus should be used in conjunction with routine histological dating.     

Prejunctional inhibition of sympathetically evoked pupillary dilation in cats by activation of histamine H3 receptors

Summary Frequency-dependent pupillary dilations were evoked by electrical stimulation of the pre- or post-ganglionic cervical sympathetic nerve (sympatho-excitation) or the hypothalamus (parasympatho-inhibition) in sympathectomized anesthetized cats. Systemic administration of the selective histamine H₃ receptor agonist (R)--methylhistamine (RMeHA) produced a dose-dependent depression of mydriasis due to direct neural sympathetic activation but had no effect on responses elicited by parasympathetic withdrawal. The histamine H₂ receptor agonist, dimaprit, was inactive. RMeHA was much more effective in depressing sympathetic responses obtained at lower frequencies when compared to higher frequencies of stimulation.Responses evoked both pre- and postganglionically were inhibited by RMeHA. This peripheral sympathoinhibitory action of RMeHA was antagonized by the histamine H₃ receptor blocker thioperamide but not by intravenous pretreatment with the histamine H₁ receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine. Histamine H₂ receptor blockers cimetidine and ranitidine were also without effect. RMeHA did not depress pupillary responses elicited by i.v. (-)-adrenaline.The results demonstrate that histamine H₃ receptors modulate sympathetic activation of the iris at a site proximal to the iris dilator muscle. The predominant mechanism of action appears to the prejunctional inhibition of noradrenaline release from postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings. However, a concomitant ganglionic inhibitory action cannot be excluded. Correspondence to M. C. Koss at the above address     

Hemodynamic differences between carvedilol and labetalol in the cutaneous circulation

The effects of labetalol and carvedilol on local cutaneous microvascular perfusion and calculated local cutaneous microvascular resistance were investigated in anesthetized rats at submaximal doses that produced equivalent reductions in blood pressure and heart rate. Labetalol decreased cutaneous perfusion (– 25% ± 3%) without significantly affecting cutaneous vascular resistance ( – 6% ± 3%). In marked contrast, carvedilol dramatically increased cutaneous perfusion ( + 64% ± 9%) and significantly reduced cutaneous vascular resistance ( – 57% ± 3%). These results suggest that carvedilol and labetalol possess differences in the mechanisms by which they produce vasodilation in vivo.     

Schedule dependent potentiation of antitumor drug effects by α-difluoromethylornithine in human gastric carcinoma cells in vitro

A clone of human gastric cancer cells (AGS-6) and the parental line (AGS-P) from which it was isolated were used in cell survival studies to determine whether pretreatment for 24, 48 or 72h with -difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, 5mM) would increase the cell's sensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), Adriamycin (Adria), 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methyl cyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (MeCCNU), or Bleomycin (Bleo). Generally, the AGS parental cells were most sensitive to the anticancer agents after exposures to DFMO. However, there was no way to predict in advance from DFMO-induced changes in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), polyamine or cell kinetics values, how long an exposure to DFMO was required before sensitization to an anticancer agent occurred. The degree of potentiation for a single drug was variable from time to time during exposure to DFMO, and broad differences in the sensitizations were demonstrated among the four anticancer drugs. The AGS-6 clone exhibited little or no increased sensitivity as a result of pretreatment with DFMO, even though the DFMO-induced reductions in ODC and polyamine values in these cells were similar to those produced in the more sensitive parental line.     

哇巴因与地高辛对大鼠肝脏钠泵A亚单位基因表达的影响

目的　观察哇巴因与地高辛对大鼠肝脏钠泵基因表达的影响 .方法　分别给大鼠注射哇巴因 (2 0 μg· kg- 1·d- 1 )、地高辛 (32 μg·kg- 1·d- 1 )和生理盐水 (1m L· kg- 1·d- 1 ) ,观察给药后 6wk大鼠血压的动态变化 ;并分别应用分子生物学 RT- PCR及免疫组织化学技术 ,探讨各组大鼠肝脏钠泵 α1 ,α2 及 α3 亚单位 m RNA及蛋白水平基因表达的改变 .结果　给予哇巴因 2 wk后大鼠血压开始升高 ,至 6 wk时明显高于生理盐水组 (17.7± 1.2 ) vs(15 .4± 1.1) k Pa,P<0 .0 1) ,而实验过程中地高辛组血压与对照组比较差异不明显 .无论是在 m RNA水平还是在蛋白水平 ,哇巴因对大鼠肝脏钠泵α1 亚单位表达无影响 ,而地高辛使α1 亚单位表达增强 ;两组大鼠 α2 亚单位表达均无改变 ;哇巴因使 α3 亚单位蛋白水平表达减弱 ,而 m RNA水平增强 ,地高辛组大鼠肝脏钠泵 α3 亚单位无论在 m RNA水平及蛋白水平表达均增强 .结论　哇巴因在高血压发病中可能起着重要作用 ;哇巴因与地高辛可导致不同的钠泵基因表达改变 ,为进一步揭示内源性哇巴因生理与病理作用以及洋地黄类药物药理与毒理作用的分子机制提供了理论及实验依据     

常年性变应性鼻炎sIL-2R的表达

目的探讨常年性变应性鼻炎(PAR)患者中可溶性白介素-2受体(sIL-2R)的表达水平.方法选择确诊为PAR者47例为PAR组,正常体检者36例为对照组.应用单抗、多抗双抗体夹心法检测sIL-2R的表达水平.结果PAR组患者的血清sIL-2R水平呈高表达,较正常人群组显著性升高(P＜0.001),且无男女性W别差异.结论血清sIL-2R在PAR的免疫病理过程中有重要的作用.     

CGRP inhibition of electromechanical coupling in the guinea-pig isolated renal pelvis

We aimed at studying the mechanism(s) of the inhibitory effect exerted by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on the spontaneous activity of the guinea-pig isolated renal pelvis. In organ bath experiments, CGRP (1–100 nM) produced a concentration-dependent (EC₅₀ 8 nM) partial inhibition (Emax about 35% inhibition of motility index) of spontaneous contractions. The potassium (K) channel opener, cromakalim (3–10 M) promptly suppressed the spontaneous contractions in a glibenclamide- (10 M) sensitive manner. Glibenclamide (10 M) did not affect the inhibitory action of CGRP. The calcium (Ca) channel agonist, Bay K 8644 (1 M), markedly enhanced the spontaneous activity of the renal pelvis and reduced the inhibitory effect of CGRP. The protein kinase A inhibitors Rp-cAMPS (300 M), H8 (100 M) and H89 (10 M), and the blockers of intracellular Ca handling bysarcoplasmic reticulum, ryanodine (100 M) and thapsigargin (1 M) did not affect the response to CGRP. The response to CGRP was likewise unaffected by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-nitroarginine (30 M) and by the protein kinase G inhibitor, KT5823 (3 M). Furthermore, the inhibitory action of CGRP was not modified by lowering the extracellular concentration of K (from 5.9 to 1.2 mM) nor by increasing (from 2.5 to 3.75 mM) or decreasing (from 2.5 to 0.25 mM) the extracellular Ca concentration. Replacement of 80% glucose with 2-deoxyglucose (2-DOG) reduced the amplitude of spontaneous contractions, both in the absence and presence of 10 M glibenclamide. In the presence of 2-DOG, the inhibitory action of CGRP was enhanced at a similar extent, either in the absence or presence of glibenclamide. In sucrose gap, the effect of CGRP (0.1 M for 5 min) was separately analyzed in the proximal (close to the kidney) and distal (close to the ureter) regions of the renal pelvis. Both preparations discharged spontaneous (pacemaker) action potentials having different shape, duration and frequency. CGRP had no effect on pacemaker potentials in the proximal renal pelvis while producing about 30% reduction of the frequency of pacemaker potentials and motility index in the distal renal pelvis. Cromakalim (3 M) abolished pacemaker potentials in both regions of the renal pelvis.In conjunction with the results of previous studies in the guinea-pig ureter, the present findings document the existence of remarkable regional differences in the effector mechanisms initiated by CGRP receptor occupancy in the guinea-pig pyeloureteral tract. CGRP appears to be inherently unable to activate glibenclamide-sensitive K channels in the guinea-pig renal pelvis, a mechanism which is central for its ability to suppress latent pacemakers in the ureter. Within the renal pelvis, the sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of CGRP appears in the more distal region, from which an ureter-like action potential is recorded.