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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
191.
控制性降压在临床麻醉中的应用进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
控制性低血压是指在某些手术麻醉期间,用药物等方法降低血压,以达到减少手术野出血,便于手术操作的一种方法,通常采用血管扩张剂,钙通道阻断剂及麻醉来控制血压,现就这一领域的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
192.
The risk of contracting infectious diseases from patients with either serious or even fatal consequences has led to considerable changes in dental practice in the last few years. A key step in infection control is to prevent contact between the dentist's skin and the patient's blood and saliva by wearing gloves. The practice initially requires some patience and tolerance but then has few disadvantages. This paper reports a case where there were adverse effects to the patient from the dentist wearing gloves. 相似文献
193.
军队高等医学院校课程教学质量评估的意义及作用:具有判断教育活动、获取信息、反馈、激励、促进教学改革六项功能. 相似文献
194.
本文介绍用国产酶免定量药盒测定血、尿样中hCG含量的一种ELISA方法。该方法特异性好、经济可靠而且简便快捷,适用于运动员尿样的兴奋剂检测。文中还报道了该方法应用于测定两例志愿者注射hCG后的血、尿样及国际奥委会医学委员会1994年水平考试和1995年资格复试hCG阳性尿样的结果,并讨论了测得值与其它试剂盒测定结果的差异及原因。 相似文献
195.
W N Kühn-Velten 《Andrologia》1992,24(2):109-111
In addition to the well-known control circuits involved in the regulation and adaptation of testicular androgen biosynthesis, it is proposed that two new control strategies are involved in the maintenance of steady-state testosterone secretion rates by testicular Leydig cells. Cytochrome P450XVII (steroid-17 alpha-monooxygenase/steroid-17,20-lyase), one key enzyme in steroid hormone biosynthesis, responds to external human choriogonadotropin stimulation with an oxygen-dependent and substrate flux-dependent inactivation and decomposition, and increased substrate availability decreases the efficiency of androgen formation in favour of abortive intermediate leakage. These results are discussed as a paradigm of substrate-dependent modulation of cytochrome P450 activities. 相似文献
196.
197.
H. H. LUTTROPP R. THOMASSON S. DAHM J. PERSSON O. WERNER 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1994,38(2):121-125
Xenon is a more potent anesthetic than nitrous oxide, and gives more profound analgesia. This investigation was performed to assess the potential of xenon for becoming an anesthetic inspite of its high manufacturing cost. Seven ASA I—-II patients undergoing cholecystectomy (n = 4), hernia repair (n = 2), or mammoplasty (n=l) were studied. Denitrogenation by 15–20 min of oxygen breathing under propofol anesthesia was followed by fentanyl–supplemented xenon anesthesia administered via an automatic minimal flow system which held the oxygen concentration at 30%. Xenon anesthesia lasted 76–228 min and 8–14 1 of xenon (ATPD) was used, of which 5.6–8.1 1 was expended during the first 15 min. Anesthesia appeared to be satisfactory, and the patients woke up rapidly after xenon was discontinued. The automatic system made minimal flow xenon anesthesia easy to administer, but nitrogen accumulation is still a problem. Assuming a xenon price of 10 US $ per litre, the average cost for xenon was about 65 US $ for the first 15 min and then about 25 USS for each subsequent hour of anesthesia. 相似文献
198.
Temporary closure of the abdominal wall (laparostomy) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. Schachtrupp V. Fackeldey U. Klinge J. Hoer A. Tittel C. Toens V. Schumpelick 《Hernia》2002,6(4):155-162
The definitive closure of the abdominal wall, i.e., a closure of the fascial layer and skin may not be favorable in the treatment
of numerous surgical conditions, e.g., peritonitis, trauma, or mesenteric ischemia. In these cases, the abdominal wall is
temporarily closed, and a laparostomy is created to facilitate re-exploration or to prevent abdominal compartment syndrome.
Regarding the technique and material used for the temporary closure, no prospective randomized data exists, but mesh materials
are commonly used. They provide drainage of infectious material, permit visual control of the underlying viscera, facilitate
access to the abdominal wall, preserve the fascial margin, enable healing by secondary intention, and allow mobilization of
the patient. In the case of decreasing intra-abdominal pressure, meshes can be trimmed to centralize the rectus muscle and
to facilitate definitive closure. Non-absorbable meshes have been frequently reported to cause enteric fistulae and persistent
infection necessitating mesh explantation. While these infectious complications appear to occur less frequently with the use
of absorbable materials, these meshes will finally lead to an incisional hernia, requiring repair with non-absorbable mesh
after a period of 6–12 months. Nevertheless, in the complex situation requiring a temporary abdominal wall closure, use of
absorbable mesh material is common and represents the state of the art.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
199.
Annette Anderton 《Journal of human nutrition and dietetics》1994,7(1):53-60
The HACCP (hazard analysis critical control point) concept is now widely applied in the food industry and provides a structured and critical approach to the identification and control of hazards that may affect food safety. It has shifted the emphasis for control from retrospective end-product testing to the effective control of raw materials and key processing operations.
This paper discusses how the HACCP approach can be applied to enteral feeding. This involves each unit assembling a multidisciplinary team of personnel involved in enteral feeding. This team will then carry out a detailed analysis of the process from selection of ingredients and feeding systems through to consumption of the feed by the patient by constructing a flow chart that relates specifically to each unit. They can then identify and assess the hazards associated with the handling of the product at each stage in the process. This will enable them to identify the points where control over an identified hazard can be achieved (critical control points, CCP) such as quality of ingredients, design of administration systems, preparation and distribution of the feeds and the procedures involved in the assembly and manipulation of the systems. Control and monitoring procedures can then be specified and implemented at relevant stages in the process. The major strengths of the HACCP procedure are that it entails a team effort from key personnel involved in the full range of activities associated with the product and each detailed analysis is specific to each unit's practices and resources and can be continually reviewed and modified in response to changing circumstances. 相似文献
This paper discusses how the HACCP approach can be applied to enteral feeding. This involves each unit assembling a multidisciplinary team of personnel involved in enteral feeding. This team will then carry out a detailed analysis of the process from selection of ingredients and feeding systems through to consumption of the feed by the patient by constructing a flow chart that relates specifically to each unit. They can then identify and assess the hazards associated with the handling of the product at each stage in the process. This will enable them to identify the points where control over an identified hazard can be achieved (critical control points, CCP) such as quality of ingredients, design of administration systems, preparation and distribution of the feeds and the procedures involved in the assembly and manipulation of the systems. Control and monitoring procedures can then be specified and implemented at relevant stages in the process. The major strengths of the HACCP procedure are that it entails a team effort from key personnel involved in the full range of activities associated with the product and each detailed analysis is specific to each unit's practices and resources and can be continually reviewed and modified in response to changing circumstances. 相似文献
200.
The relationship of perceived control over daily uplifts and hassles to depression and restraint was examined in a sample of 140 middle-class sixth graders. Results indicated that greater control over uplifts was associated with better functioning and lower control over hassles with poorer functioning, even after partialing out the respective number of uplifts and hassles reported. Moreover, when directly compared, control over uplifts showed more powerful associations with adaptational outcomes than did control over hassles. In a separate analysis, the number of uplifts over which children reported high control showed opposite relationships to adaptational outcomes than did the number of uplifts over which children reported low control. A different pattern appeared for hassles. Although the number of hassles with low control was associated with poorer functioning, the number of hassles over which children had high control was unrelated to adaptational outcomes. The possibility that control operates somewhat differently for positive and negative events is discussed.This research was supported by a grant to the second author from the Stanford Center for the Study of Families, Children and Youth. The authors are grateful to Rachelle Hacket for data analysis, Tom Gehring for data collection, and Susan Nolen-Hoeksema for critical comments. 相似文献