Adhesion polypeptides are useful for the prevention of peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer

We examined the effect of adhesion polypeptides on the adhesion and invasiveness of gastric cancer cell lines. We previously reported the establishment of an extensively peritoneal-seeding cell line, OCUM-2MD3, from a poorly seeding human scirrhous gastric carcinoma cell line, OCUM-2M. Both 21 and 31 integrin expression was markedly increased on OCUM-2MD3 cells compared with OCUM-2M cells, and the ability of OCUM-2MD3 cells to bind to the extracellular matrix (ECM) was also significantly higher than that of OCUM-2M cells. The adhesion polypeptides, YIGSR and RGD, and two RGD derivatives significantly inhibited the adhesion of OCUM-2MD3 cells to the submesothelial ECM, while not inhibiting the adhesiveness of OCUM-2M cells and two well differentiated human gastric cell lines, MKN-28 and MKN-74. The YIGSR and RGD peptides also significantly inhibited the invasiveness of OCUM-2MD3 cells. The survival of nude mice with peritoneal dissemination given YIGSR sequenc e intraperitoneally was obviously longer than that of untreated mice. The survival of mice treated with RGD was also improved, and this effect was increased using the RGD derivatives, poly(CEMA-RGDS) and CM-chitin RGDS. These polypeptides appear to block the binding of integrins, which are expressed on OCUM-2MD3 cells, to the submesothelial ECM, and consequently inhibit peritoneal implantation. The peritoneal injection of adhe-sion polypeptides may be a new therapy against the dissemination of scirrhous gastric cancer, and may be useful for the prevention of dissemination in high-risk patients. © Rapid Science Ltd.     

腹膜透析患者自我管理行为及健康状况的相关性研究

目的 了解目前国内腹膜透析患者自我管理行为的状况和健康状况,探讨患者自我管理行为与其健康状况的关系.方法 采用问卷调查的方法,结合实验室检查,对151例腹膜透析患者的自我管理行为和健康状况进行调查,分析自我管理行为与健康状况的关系,提出提高患者自我管理行为的护理措施.结果 腹膜透析患者自我管理行为得分为（28.8±5.32）分,患者自我管理行为与其生理和心理的健康状况密切相关.自我管理行为与Karnofsky活动指数、白蛋白水平呈正相关（P〈0.01）,与躯体症状、舒张压、血磷和抑郁水平呈负相关（P〈0.01）.结论 腹膜透析患者自我管理行为与其生理和心理的健康状况密切相关,自我管理行为的提高,有助于健康状况的改善.     

康复计划对腹膜透析病人社会回归的影响

目的:通过对腹膜透析患者实施以五“E”为中心的康复计划,提高其生活质量,最终达到社会回归。方法:对腹膜透析患者进行包括体液控制、饮食指导、运动康复、心理辅导4个方面的康复治疗,观察治疗12周前后患者的生活状态变化,将患者分为3级。结果:实施康复治疗前后患者生活状态等级构成比分别为:治疗前1级:50%,2级:40.6%,3级:9.4%;治疗后1级:14.1%,2级:28.1%,3级:57.8%,经检验差异有显著性意义(P<0.001)。治疗后有37例患者达到3级,其中6例重新参加工作,2例从事志愿者活动,其余患者能象同年龄的正常人一样生活。结论:以五“E”为中心的康复计划可提高腹膜透析患者的生活质量,促进社会回归。     

凯时联合中药结肠透析治疗慢性肾功能衰竭

目的观察凯时联合大黄附子汤结肠透析治疗慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)的临床疗效。方法将52名患者随机分为2组,对照组予以低盐低磷优质蛋白饮食、排毒、护肾、降压、纠酸、纠正贫血等治疗,并常规加用大黄附子汤结肠透析;治疗组在对照组基础上加用凯时治疗。结果2组治疗前后24 h尿蛋白定量、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(SCr)、Ccr相比具有显著性差异(P均<0.05);2组间24 h尿蛋白定量、BUN、SCr、Ccr值相比有显著性差异(P均<0.05);2组临床疗效比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论凯时联合大黄附子汤结肠透析可减少蛋白尿,延缓肾衰竭进程。     

The epidemiology and prognosis of glomerulonephritis in Denmark 1985-1997.

BACKGROUND: The existence of a national renal biopsy register and a national terminal uraemia status register in Denmark provides an opportunity to study the prognosis of glomerulonephritis (GN), and factors influencing prognosis. METHODS: Multivariate analysis of 2380 renal biopsies with GN performed between 1985 and 1997 was done to determine the influence of clinical and histological factors on prognosis. RESULTS: The incidence of GN (39/mo/year) and individual diagnoses did not change during the period. After 10 years, 32%, were dead, 13% terminally uraemic, 5%, uraemic and 50% well. Older age increased mortality, but not the incidence of renal failure after the first year. Male sex increased both mortality and incidence of renal failure (34 vs 24% at 10 years, P < 0.001). The diagnoses could be divided into three prognostic groups compared with the general population: a good prognostic group (minimal change GN and membranous GN ), with a relative mortality of three and a combined renal and patient mortality of four; a poor prognostic group [crescentic GN, HUS/TTP, chronic GN] with relative mortalities of 8-19 and 13-33, respectively; and the remainder with mortalities of 4-7 and 6-12. The presence of multiple glomerular pathology, chronic GN, nephrosclerosis and chronic interstitial nephropathy worsened the prognosis, while the presence of immune deposits only worsened the prognosis of focal segmental glomerulopathy. Mortality was related to uraemia and co-morbidity at biopsy, and to the incidence of renal failure. Renal failure was correlated to uraemia and hypertension at biopsy but not to nephrotic syndrome or atherosclerosis. All vascular complications were increased and were positively related to hypertension and negatively correlated to the incidence of uraemia. Crescentric glomerulonephritis combined with anti-GBM disease had a worse prognosis than Wegener's granulomatosis, with microscopic polyangiitis and pauci-immune disease occupying an intermediate position. The prognosis of mesangioproliferative GN was unaffected by the presence of IgA nephropathy and systemic lupus erythematosus.     

2单位冰冻红细胞自动化洗涤程序研究

目的：对透析式冰冻红细胞（ RBC）洗涤机的处理程序进行改进,使之适用于2 U冰冻RBC的洗涤处理。方法深低温保存2 U冰冻RBC解冻复温后,采用透析式冰冻RBC洗涤机进行洗涤处理,对洗涤程序进行了提高泵速和加液速度、调整溶液渗透压等方面的改进,大幅缩短2 U冰冻RBC洗涤处理时间。对洗涤后的RBC进行血红蛋白（ Hb）含量、Hb回收率、甘油残留量（上清渗透压）、游离Hb含量、变形性以及凋亡率等指标的检测,并据此判断洗涤效果。结果改进前后的透析式洗涤程序处理得到的RBC的Hb含量分别为（35．03±4．20）和（53．82±2．08）g;Hb回收率分别为（61．10±8．46）％和（80．22±3．73）％;上清渗透压分别为（307．00±14．50）和（322．00± 29．00）mOsm;游离Hb分别为（0．74±0．04）和（0．80±0．08）g／L;程序改进前后的洗涤时间分别为（1．64±0．31）和（1．04±0．16）h;改进前后的洗涤程序处理得到的RBC在Hb含量、Hb回收率、RBC变形性、洗涤时间等指标上有明显改善。而在甘油残留量、游离Hb含量、细胞凋亡等方面无显著变化。结论经过程序改进,2 U冰冻RBC洗涤时间缩短、洗涤后RBC和Hb含量显著升高,提高了洗涤效率及冰冻RBC的利用效率。     

终末期糖尿病肾病患者透析方式的选择

糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)是糖尿病患者重要的微血管并发症,是导致终末期肾脏病(end stage renal diease,ESRD)的重要病因。DKD患者透析方式的选择具有一定特殊性,血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)和腹膜透析(peritoneal dialysis,PD)各有优劣,本文主要综述DKD患者行HD和PD的利弊。     

肾衰合剂对维持性腹膜透析患者残余肾功能的影响

目的：观察肾衰舍剂对连续不卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）患者残余肾功能的影响，探讨中药治疗对CAPD患者残余肾功能的保护作用及其机制。方法：将56例脾肾气（阳）虚型的CAPD患者随机分为常规腹膜透析对照组，及加服中药肾衰合剂治疗组。治疗6个月，比较残余肾KT／V、残余肾CCr的变化及下降速率。结果：在维持总体透析效能的前提下，治疗组残余肾KT／V、残余肾CCr下降速度较对照组明显缓慢。结论：肾衰合荆能有效延缓PD患者的RRF的下降。     

替米沙坦对非糖尿病腹膜透析患者胰岛素抵抗及残余肾功能的影响

目的观察替米沙坦对非糖尿病腹膜透析患者胰岛素抵抗的影响,并探讨其能否延缓残余肾功能（RRF）的丢失。方法选取病情稳定的持续不卧床非糖尿病腹膜透析患者42例为研究对象,将其随机分为替米沙坦组和对照组各21例。其中对照组给予血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂及血管紧张素受体阻断剂以外的降压药;替米沙坦组给予替米沙坦片80mg／d,观察时间1年,定期检测两组空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、总Kt／V、总肌酐清除率（Ccr）、血红蛋白（Hb）、甲状旁腺素（iPTH）、高敏C反应蛋白（hs—CRP）,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）及残余肾功能（RRF）。结果研究结束时,两组Hb均明显升高,iPTH均明显下降,总Kt／V则无显著改变。组间比较,hs—CRP值替米沙坦组显著低于对照组,其他上述指标无显著性差异。对照组HOMA—IR较研究前有所下降,但无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,替米沙坦组HOMA—IR较对照组显著下降（3．24±1．41VS．4．37±1．93,P〈0．05）,两组患者RRF均显著下降,但替米沙坦组较对照组RRF下降延缓[（3．25±1．31vs．2．35±1．20）ml／min,P〈0．05]。结论替米沙坦能改善非糖尿病腹膜透析患者胰岛素抵抗,并延缓残余肾功能的丢失。     

Experience with peritoneal thermal injury during subcutaneous endoscopically assisted ligation for pediatric inguinal hernia

Background

Subcutaneous endoscopically-assisted ligation (SEAL) for pediatric inguinal hernia repair has gained in popularity although variations in techniques exist. Peritoneal scarring by thermal injury has been described as an adjunct. We explored the hypothesized inverse-correlation between peritoneal scarring and recurrence after SEAL.