影响纯音听阈测定的因素和对策

目的了解影响纯音听阈测定的因素,尽可能地减少或消除可变因素的影响,提高听闽测定结果的准确性.方法通过了解影响纯音听阈测定的多种因素并加以注意,掌握正确的测听方法.结果纯音听阈测定的准确性会更高.     

重视介入性肺减容术的研究

介入性肺减容术是在外科切除肺减容术和内镜下非外科切除肺减容术的基础上发展起来的。它是一项X线导引下的经导管治疗技术,在靶肺叶经支气管行博来霉素(或无水乙醇)碘油乳剂栓塞的同时并对其近端支气管用骨水泥封堵,可获得稳定的肺纤维化和肺减容,即所谓的功能性肺叶切除。虽然此项介入治疗技术目前仍处于动物实验阶段,但已经显露出其临床应用潜力和广阔的前景。     

浅探五音补泻

五行音乐调式属性特点各具风格,主治及代表曲目各不相同.然五音调式的应用尚无统一标准,五音补泻是五行音乐发挥疗效的关键,如何应用五音进行补泻对五行音乐临床运用具有重要意义.文章在“五音疗疾”理论基础上,探讨了脏腑虚实、情绪状态、体质因素对五音疗效的影响,分析了五音的脏腑补泻、情志补泻及体质补泻,提出了五音不同调式乐曲对五...     

Investigating functional changes in the brain to intermittently induced auditory illusions and its relevance to chronic tinnitus

Several studies have demonstrated the neural correlates of chronic tinnitus. However, we still do not understand what happens in the acute phase. Past studies have established Zwicker tone (ZT) illusions as a good human model for acute tinnitus. ZT illusions are perceived following the presentation of a notched noise stimulus, that is, broadband noise with a narrow band‐stop filter (notch). In the current study, we compared the neural correlates of the reliable perception of a ZT illusion to that which is not. We observed changes in evoked and total theta power in wide‐spread regions of the brain particularly in the temporal‐parietal junction, pregenual anterior cingulate cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex (pgACC/vmPFC), parahippocampus during perception of the ZT illusion. Furthermore, we observe that increased theta power significantly predicts a gradual positive change in the intensity of the ZT illusion. Such changes may suggest a malfunction of the sensory gating system that enables habituation to redundant stimuli and suppresses hyperactivity. It could also suggest a successful retrieval of the memory of the missing frequencies, resulting in their conscious perception indicating the role of higher‐order processing in the mechanism of action of ZT illusions. To establish a more concrete relationship between ZT illusion and chronic tinnitus, future longitudinal studies following up a much larger sample of participants who reliably perceive a ZT illusion to see if they develop tinnitus at a later stage is essential. This could inform us if the ZT illusion may be a precursor to chronic tinnitus.     

Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Histologic Variants of Urothelial Carcinoma Treated With Selective Tetramodal Bladder-preservation Therapy Incorporating Consolidative Partial Cystectomy

BackgroundTetramodal bladder-preservation therapy includes maximal transurethral resection (TUR), induction chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and consolidative partial cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection. Tetramodal bladder-preservation therapy theoretically provides surgical consolidation of chemotherapy- and radioresistant cells. However, its efficacy in providing optimal cancer control for patients with histologic variants of urothelial carcinoma (VUCs) is currently unknown. We compared the oncologic outcomes between patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and pure urothelial carcinoma (PUC) and those with MIBC and VUCs after selective tetramodal bladder-preservation therapy.Patients and MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 154 patients. After maximal TUR and induction CRT, patients with a clinical complete response were offered consolidative partial cystectomy to achieve bladder preservation, with radical cystectomy recommended for the others. The VUCs identified in the maximal TUR samples were categorized according to the 2004 World Health Organization classification. The primary endpoint was cancer-specific survival. The secondary endpoints included the clinical and pathologic response rates to induction CRT and MIBC recurrence-free survival.ResultsA VUC was identified in 37 patients (24%). The most frequent variants involved glandular differentiation (n = 13), squamous differentiation (n = 11), and micropapillary (n = 8). No difference was found in the clinical complete response rate to CRT between PUC and VUCs (P = .81). On an intention-to-treat basis, the 5-year cancer-specific survival rates for those with PUC (n = 116) and VUC (n = 37) were 82% and 81% (P = .86), respectively.ConclusionTetramodal bladder-preservation therapy incorporating partial cystectomy could provide favorable locoregional control and survival for patients with VUC. Thus, patients with MIBC need not be excluded from the bladder-preservation approach because of the presence of a variant histologic type.     

上标油指纹图谱的研究

目的建立上标油色谱指纹图谱。方法应用毛细管气相色谱法,程序升温,并以萘为参照物．以相对保留时阍与相对峰面积为参数,建立10批样品的GC指纹图谱。结果标示出20个共有峰,其中主要峰的相对峰面积恒定。结论该法准确、精密度高、重现性好、可用于上标油的质量控制。     

True thymic hyperplasia causing pure red cell aplasia: a case report

Pure red cell aplasia caused by true thymic hyperplasia is extremely rare. We report the case of a 25-year-old female diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia. Following a thymectomy confirming true thymic hyperplasia and corticosteroid therapy, complete response was achieved. Patients diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia should be investigated with a computerized tomographic scan to assess for thymic pathology and if present, this should be resected. Follow-up is essential to monitor for recurrence.     

不同表面处理的纯钛对血小板黏附特性的影响

目的:观察钛-血小板相互作用时不同表面处理的纯钛对血小板黏附特性的影响。方法:将商业纯钛片制备成4种不同表面形貌的样本,即抛光表面、酸蚀表面、大颗粒喷砂加酸蚀表面、碱热处理表面,样本经扫描电镜观察及静态接触角分析后,在其表面滴加新鲜制备的富血小板血浆,30 min后进行扫描电镜观察。结果:大颗粒喷砂加酸蚀表面黏附的血小板最多,且形变明显;酸蚀表面血小板的黏附量也较多,但形变较少,以球形居多;抛光表面和碱热处理表面黏附的血小板很少,局部甚至缺无。结论:纯钛表面复杂的微形貌有利于血小板的黏附,钛表面的润湿性对血小板的黏附特性也有影响,亲水性表面不利于血小板的黏附。     

Neurophysiology of hearing in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type IV

Background

Hearing impairment is a common problem in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IV (MPS IV) throughout their life. Many of the adult patients with MPS IV exhibit permanent or severe hearing loss. However, there has been no systematic review of detailed audiological test results in MPS IV.

Attenuation of Intrinsic Active Tone by Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide in Aortae of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Different Levels of Blood Pressure

The influences of endothelium on the basal tone of aortae from various strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats with different blood pressure (SHR, SHRSP, MSHRSP) were studied. Endothelium-intact preparations of aortac from spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibited spontaneous active tone, which was greater in the order of SHR < SHRSP < M-SHRSP. The active tone of the MSHRSP preparations was about 40% of high-K⁺-induced contraction, while that of normotensive WKY was less than 5%. The active tone was enhanced by the removal of endothelium. The active tone was sensitive to extracellular Ca²⁺ and abolished by verapamil. The application of N^G-monomethyl-L-arginine caused the increase in the active tone which was counteracted by L-arginine. These results indicate that the active tone of smooth muscle increases as the blood pressure of the rat increases, and that endothelium attenuates the active tone by releasing nitric oxide (NO) spontaneously. It was also demonstrated that the attenuating action of endothelium was impaired depending on the blood pressure level.