加味八正散治疗尿路结石的临床观察

目的:观察加味八正散治疗尿路结石的临床疗效.方法:将84例尿路结石患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各42例,对照组给予大量喝普通的纯净水,治疗组给予同等剂量的加味八正散治疗,10天为一个疗程,各观察两个疗程.结果:治疗组总有效率88.10%,对照组总有效率率69.05%.治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:采用加味八正散治疗尿路结石疗效明显,无明显毒副作用.     

Experiences in Computer Audiometry (ECoG and ERA)

By the ear-drum arrangement of electrode action potentials of the 8th nerve may be recorded down to the threshold intensities of click stimuli. A decrease in the amplitude of these potentials was observed with ipsilateral presentation of a masking noise. Contralateral conditioning sound stimulation caused either an increase or a decrease of click-evoked action potentials. The increase was observed with intensities of conditioning stimuli exceeding 50-60 dB SL, whereas the decrease was stated at higher stimulation levels. The former effect was ascribed to the activity of the olivo-cochlear fibres and the latter effect to reflex contraction of the middle ear muscles

Scalp-derived slow auditory evoked responses were studied in different conditions of sound stimulation. The peak latencies of these responses were longer, and the peak amplitude was lower for tone bursts as compared to effects of intensity-modulated tonal stimuli. With equal intensities of tonal increments, the peak latencies of derived responses were shorter and the amplitude was greater at higher steady-tone levels. In most cases, there was a close correspondence of the objective and subjective thresholds for both tone bursts and intensity-modulated stimuli. On the grounds of data obtained, the problems related to cross-examination and control test procedures during computer audiometry are discussed     

Evaluation of Audio-Rhinological Changes During Pregnancy

A number of physiological changes occur during pregnancy and amongst them, audiological and nasal changes are quite significant. These are mainly due to the changing levels of sex hormones and return to normal once the pregnancy is over. This study was conducted to document these changes. Forty (pregnant 40 and non-pregnant 40) consenting subjects in age group of 20–35 years were assigned to test and control groups. They underwent complete ENT and Obstetric examination. In test group Pure Tone Audiometry was performed in all trimesters of pregnancy and within 3 months of delivery. The subjects in the control group underwent pure tone audiometry only once. The nasal patency was measured by Gertner’s plate method. Results from each trimester and postpartum period were compared. A highly significant difference in pure tone thresholds was observed at frequencies ranging from 125 to 1000 Hz (P < 0.001). However frequencies higher than 1000 Hz demonstrated no significant correlation. Nasal patency as measured by mean area of vapour condensation in all trimesters and control groups was highly significant (P < 0.001). The results of this study confirm that these changes occur in the first trimester and gradually improve during the subsequent trimesters returning to normal in post partum period. However number of pregnancies bear no relationship with these changes     

When does less yield more? The impact of severity upon implicit recognition in pure alexia

Pure alexia (PA) is characterised by strong effects of word length on reading times and is sometimes accompanied by an overt letter-by-letter (LBL) reading strategy. Past studies have reported “implicit recognition” in some individual PA patients. This is a striking finding because such patients are able to perform semantic classification and lexical decision at above chance levels even when the exposure duration is short enough to prevent explicit identification. In an attempt to determine the prevalence of this “implicit recognition” effect, we assessed semantic categorisation and lexical decision performance using limited exposure durations in 10 PA cases. The majority of the patients showed above chance accuracy in semantic categorisation and lexical decision. Performance on the lexical decision test was influenced by frequency and imageability. In addition, we found that the extent to which patients showed evidence of “implicit recognition” in both tasks was inversely related to the severity of their reading disorder. This result is consistent with hypotheses which suggest that this effect does not constitute an implicit form of unique word identification but is a reflection of the degree of partial activation within the word recognition system. These results also go some way towards explaining the individual variation in the presence of this effect observed across previous case-study investigations in the literature.     

微波联合药物对梅尼埃病患者纯音测听能力恢复的影响

目的 探讨微波联合天麻素对梅尼埃病的临床疗效及对纯音测听能力恢复的影响.方法 选择梅尼埃病患者180例,根据随机数字表分为长春西汀组、天麻素组以及联合组(长春西汀+天麻素),观察治疗前后眩晕评分情况、生活质量结果.结果 联合组总有效率90.0％,高于长春西汀组的66.7％及天麻素组的71.7％(P ＜0.05);3组治疗1个月后随访眩晕评分与治疗前比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05),联合组在治疗1周及1个月后随访均优于其他2组(P＜0.05);3组治疗后1个月随访患者生活质量评分与治疗前比较具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),联合组在治疗1周及1个月后随访均优于其他2组(P＜0.05).结论 微波结合长春西汀、天麻素对于梅尼埃病患者的纯音测听能力的恢复、眩晕症状具有明显的改善作用.     

Pure red cell aplasia: Clinical features and treatment results in 16 cases

 Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare hematological disease characterized by selective marrow erythroid aplasia. We report the clinical features and treatment results of 16 Chinese patients with PRCA. Nine (56%) cases were not associated with any underlying disorders and were considered idiopathic, while seven patients (44%) had associated diseases, three involving the thymus, two with T large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGLL), and one each with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and acute hepatitis A. Conventional-dose corticosteroid therapy resulted in complete remission in three of 13 patients. Cyclosporin A was used in six patients. There were three complete and one partial remissions. High-dose methylprednisolone was ineffective in four patients who failed conventional-dose corticosteroids but achieved complete remission in one patient with thymoma who did not respond to thymectomy. Antithymocyte globulin was used in four patients, resulting in partial remission in only one patient with concomitant T-LGLL. Intravenous gamma globulin and danazol were ineffective in three patients. Thymectomy was performed in two patients, with one patient remitting. This is the largest series of PRCA reported in an oriental population. Our results indicate that treatment of PRCA may still be problematic and better therapeutic strategy will have to be defined. Received: 11 September 1995 / Accepted: 1 January 1996     

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia,shyness, and effortful control in preschool-age children

Resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and shyness were examined as predictors of effortful control (EC) in a sample of 101 preschool-age children. Resting RSA was calculated from respiration and heart rate data collected during a neutral film; shyness was measured using parents’, preschool teachers’, and classroom observers’ reports; and EC was measured using four laboratory tasks in addition to questionnaire measures. Principal components analysis was used to create composite measures of EC and shyness. The relation between RSA and EC was moderated by shyness, such that RSA was positively related to EC only for children high in shyness. This interaction suggests that emotional reactivity affects the degree to which RSA can be considered a correlate of EC. This study also draws attention to the need to consider the measurement context when assessing resting psychophysiology measures; shy individuals may not exhibit true baseline RSA responding in an unfamiliar laboratory setting.     

Lower cardiovagal tone and baroreflex sensitivity associated with hepatic insulin resistance and promote cardiovascular disorders in Tibetan minipigs induced by a high fat and high cholesterol diet

Aims

A long-term high-fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet leads to hepatic insulin resistance (IR), which is associated with autonomic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases risk increasing. However, whether this occurs in Tibetan minipigs remains unknown. We tested that a long-term HFC diet caused hepatic IR and promote cardiovascular disorders in Tibetan minipigs, and are associated with the reduction of cardiovagal tone and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS).

中文版筛选型老年听力障碍量表在老年性聋中的应用

目的探讨中文版筛选型老年听力障碍量表(HHIE-S)在老年性聋中的应用价值。方法对入选的170名非独居老年人及其亲属发放自评和代理者HHIE-S量表,并测其纯音听阈,分析量表得分与听阈之间的相关性。结果两份量表得分与纯音听阈间均呈正相关性。以25d B作为听力下降标准,HHIE-S量表对老年聋的特异性值为95.24%,对老年性聋的敏感性为59.06%,并随着听力损失级别的提高,量表的敏感性增加。共有149人(占总数87.65%)通过测听表明有不同程度的听力损失,轻至中度聋的患者中有50人得分>8,提示有听力障碍,10-22分的有39人,提示为轻至中度聋,有11人得分在24-40分之间,提示为重度听力障碍;听阈为重度聋及以上的患者共有38人得分>8,提示有听力障碍,10-22分的有9人,提示为轻至中度聋,29人得分在24-40分之间,提示为重度听力障碍。结论中文版HHIE-S量表在老年性聋筛查中表现出较好的敏感性和特异性,与纯音测听具有较强相关性,可以用于老年性聋的早期筛查,有利于推动老年性聋患者早期积极治疗和康复。     

肾移植术后人类微小病毒B19感染致纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血2例并文献复习

目的探讨肾移植术后人类微小病毒(HPV)B19感染致纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血(纯红再障)的诊断和治疗特点。方法总结南方医科大学南方医院器官移植科收治的2例肾移植术后HPV B19感染致纯红再障的病例,结合文献复习讨论该病的临床特点、诊断方法、治疗过程及预后。结果两例肾移植受者术后早发严重贫血且进行性加重,输血治疗无效。排除导致贫血的其他原因,综合骨髓穿刺活检、荧光聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测HPV DNA等方法诊断为HPV B19感染致纯红再障。经调整免疫抑制方案、静脉注射用免疫球蛋白(IVIG)等治疗后2例患者贫血症状明显改善。结论对于肾移植术后早期不明原因、进行性加重的贫血患者,特别是伴随网织红细胞缺乏者,应考虑HPV B19感染致纯红再障的可能性。骨髓穿刺及荧光PCR检测结果是诊断纯红再障的主要依据,免疫抑制剂减量和应用IVIG治疗是主要治疗措施。经治疗后,患者预后较好,但易复发。