心理应激对模拟高原环境下大鼠肺损伤影响的实验研究

目的：探讨心理应激对模拟高原低压低氧环境下大鼠肺损伤的影响。方法：雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组（Con组）、低氧组（Hy组）、心理应激（2次／d）组（Ps1组）、心理应激（2次／d×2d）组（Ps2组）、心理应激（2次／d）＋低氧组（Ps1＋Hy组）和心理应激（2次／d×2d）＋低氧组（Ps2＋Hy组）。通过测定大鼠右肺湿／干比值、全湿肺／体重比值、右肺含水比值、血管“袖套”面积和血管“袖套”面积／血管面积的比值来评定肺损伤的程度。结果：与Con和Hy组比较，Ps2＋Hy组的右肺湿／干比值、肺湿重／体重比值、血管“袖套”面积和血管“袖套”面积／血管面积比值均显著增高（P分别〈0．01，0．05）。结论：心理应激可加重急性低压低氧环境导致的大鼠肺损伤。     

消化道癌症病人心理反应和细胞免疫的研究

目的　研究心理反应对癌症病人的细胞免疫的影响。方法　测定５２例消化道癌症（胃癌、大肠癌）患者的焦虑反应、抑郁反应、ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值、ＮＫ细胞。结果　严重抑郁反应的患者的ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８ 比值、ＮＫ细胞、ＴＮＦ显著低于无抑郁反应或轻度抑郁反应的患者，明显焦虑的患者的ＩＬ－２ 低于无焦虑或轻度焦虑的患者。结论　严重心理应激导致消化道癌症患者细胞免疫损害。     

心理辅助治疗2型糖尿病患者150例分析

目的了解心理辅助治疗对伴有抑郁、焦虑症状的2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的作用。方法对照组采用包括饮食疗法、运动疗法、药物治疗和自我监测等常规方法治疗;观察组在常规方法治疗基础上给予心理辅助治疗,心理治疗前和治疗后常规治疗方案相同。结果通过心理辅助治疗2型糖尿病患者血糖控制有明显改善,观察组空腹血液(FPG)降至7.0 mmol/L以下例数明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论心理辅助治疗对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制有效。     

Biological and psychological interventions: Trends in substance use disorders intervention research

Substance use disorders (SUDs) cause serious medical, financial, and social problems for individuals and society. Thus, understanding the large body of research exploring biological and psychological intervention trends is important to researchers and clinicians. Historically, psychological interventions have dominated the literature, in spite of modest outcome data. Recently, a refocus on biological intervention research has led to results suggested as efficacious in treatment of SUDs with promising clinical potential. The current review indicates that there seems to be some incongruence between this growing body of physiological research and psychological clinical research and practice. The current review explores these trends and argues for more solid integration of biological and psychological research and treatment strategies for SUDs, as well as heightened efforts toward translation of research into practice.     

福利院老人家属心理需求的调查与分析

目的探讨老年患者在福利院住院期间，其家属的心理需求，以调整工作结构及工作重点。方法采取自制问卷对216例目前正在福利养老院住院且入住时间在3个月以上的老人家属做相关需求的调查。结果家属在老人来福利院最需要解决的问题一项中：选择治疗的55％；选择护理的90％；选择养老的100％。最担心发生的事情是：跌倒摔伤占70％；护工的工作质量占55％；病情突然变化占43％。最需要提供的服务是：精细的生活照料占100％；与家属多沟通占88％；先进的医疗设备占25％。结论家属心理需求的调查，有利于拓宽服务思路，规范、调整各项服务标准，为老人提供最适宜的服务，提高家属的满意度、降低纠纷的发生率。     

心理干预在减轻特发性气胸胸腔闭式引流患者焦虑及疼痛中的作用

目的：讨论心理干预对减轻特发性气胸胸腔闭式引流患者焦虑及疼痛的作用。方法：将患者随机分为对照组25例和观察组24例，观察组行系统的心理干预，对照纽行常规指导和介绍。应用zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）、疼痛分级标准分析各项指标。结果：观察组焦虑程度、疼痛强度、疼痛时间均低于对照组，两组比较具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：应用心理干预对特发性气胸行胸腔闭式引流术患者进行心理护理，提供情绪支持，具有减轻焦虑及疼痛的作用，利于康复。     

性病患者心理卫生状况的调查与分析

目的 剖析性病患者的心理卫生状况，为矫正不良性行为提供心理学依据。方法 对402名性病患者采用症状自评量有（SCL-90）和自编问卷调查。结果 性病患者SCL-90各项因子分均高于国内常模，尤其是躯体化，焦虑、抑郁、偏执等因子，其次各项因子分在性别，婚姻状况方面有着不同的差异，从自编问卷分析看，个体经营者占比例较高，已婚者多于离异者及未婚者。男性多于女性。结论 性病患者存在较多的心理问题，应引起高度重视。     

烧伤患者精神障碍与重返社会工作的相关因素分析

目的　分析烧伤患者精神障碍的影响因素以及精神障碍与患者重返社会工作的相关性。方法　对年龄大于 7岁的 5 6 0例烧伤患者 ,采用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)和抑郁自评量表 (SDS)及 90项症状清单 (Symptomchecklist 90 ,SCL 90 ) ,测量其精神障碍情况 ;在烧伤康复期 1个月～ 2年间 ,采用大体评定量表 (globalassessmentscale,GAS)对其精神障碍严重程度、社会功能进行评定。出院后采用信函随访及电话联系方式对其愈后工作能力进行调查。　结果　严重烧伤、颜面部烧伤患者焦虑、抑郁发生早 ,持续时间长 ,程度重 ;患者对于重返工作岗位、家庭的关系维系、社会活动能力的担心 ,使其心理障碍加重。经心理治疗后 ,精神障碍得到改善 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　烧伤患者精神障碍越重 ,重返社会工作时间相对延长 ,原岗位工作受到影响     

Psycho-social aspects of children and adolescents with diabetes

The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, a life-long disease with many possible complications, has a dramatic impact upon the entire family, precipitating a state of “shock”. The psychological problems in diabetes should be divided in 3 periods : at diagnosis (other diseases or tension existing in the family and not related to diabetes, socio-economic state); initial adaptation period (acceptance to be “different”, adjustment to rules of control such as daily injection of insulin, self blood glucose monitoring or urine testing, changing of nutritional habits, etc.), and long term coping (self-image, family dynamics, social activities, school achievements, vocational rehabilitation and continuing compliance. Counselling of the psychological problems is an ongoing need and is best delivered when the treating team included psychologists and social workers     

Social Problem Solving as a Mediator of the Link Between Stress and Psychological Well-being in Middle-Adulthood

This study had two major objectives: (1) to examine the relationship between stress, social problem solving, and psychological well-being (PWB) in a sample of middle-aged adults (M 46.3 years) and (2) to examine the role of social problem solving as a potential mediator of the link between stress and PWB in this group. Correlational analyses indicated that both stress and social problem solving were significantly involved in PWB. Moreover, results from conducting a path analysis indicated that social problem solving partially mediated the link between stress and PWB. Although stress and negative problem orientation were found to be unique predictors of different dimensions of PWB, other social problem-solving dimensions also emerged as important predictors. Some implications of these findings for enhancing positive psychological functioning in middle-aged adults are discussed.