《上海精神医学》期刊被引分析

目的了解《上海精神医学》在国内精神病学研究方面的影响。方法采用《维普资讯6.2.7》（VIP）检索引用《上海精神医学》数据,并分析其被引的基本情况和被引作者情况以及引文作者的地区分布和引文发表的期刊。结果即年指标以1990年最高;被引的次数、篇数以张明园为最多;引文作者们的地区分布广,引文发表的期刊以核心期刊为多。结论《上海精神医学》在我国精神病学研究中具有一定的影响力。     

从精神医学的角度看图书馆开展阅读治疗存在的问题

目的:从精神医学的专业角度探讨我国阅读治疗存在的问题,如专业人员素质参差不齐、缺乏理论研究和疗效实践研究等。方法:通过检索中英文数据库,查找阅读治疗的相关文献,分析目前阅读治疗的开展情况与存在问题。结果:分析显示从事阅读治疗的指导者缺乏相应的素质与资质,而且在开展阅读治疗实践过程中缺乏标准操作规范、缺乏系统性和专业性的书目;对阅读治疗的理解与实践存在错误认识和操作。结论:提出开展阅读治疗服务的标准化操作规程、阅读治疗指导者资格认定及其他相应对策。     

Effect of changing referral mode to C-L Psychiatry for noncognitively impaired medical inpatients with emotional disorders

Objective: To test the effect of changing referral mode to Consultation–Liaison Psychiatry (C–L Psychiatry) by implementing early screening with systematic multidisciplinary management for emotional disorders in noncognitively impaired medical inpatients. Method: A prospective pre- and postintervention controlled study in the internal medicine division of a university hospital. Results: Out of 515 patients admitted to the internal medicine ward during the study period, 176 were included in the study and gave their informed consent (male=63%); 81 in the control group and 95 in the intervention group. Except for the increase in referral rate to the C–L Psychiatry service (4–32%), there were no significant differences between the baseline and intervention periods either in terms of length of stay in the internal medicine ward and of use and costs of medical resources, or in terms of patients' satisfaction as regards attention paid to psychosocial issues during hospitalization. Conclusion: As a result of changing referral mode to C–L Psychiatry, the lack of effect on length of stay and on medical consumption of medically ill inpatients should be considered in the context of the briefness of the hospitalization periods encountered. Furthermore, the change in referral process does not seem to increase patients' perception of the quality of care provided.     

难治性精神分裂症患者临床特点

目的：探讨难治性精神分裂症患的临床特点。方法：在533例住院分裂症患(男性328例、女性205例)中有113例符合难治性标准的患人研究组。对照组则按照与研究组1：1的比例，分别在不同性别的非难治性精神分裂症患随机选取。对研究组与对照组的临床资料进行比较。结果：113例难治性精神分裂症患中男性有76例、女性有37例，总的难治性比率为21．20％。研究组与对照组相比。在受教育年限、首发年龄、治疗前病程、病程、住院次数、服药依从性、社会支持方面的差异有显性意义，而家庭经济水平方面差异无显意义。两组患在起病方式、病程特点、症状特点及诊断分型4个因素方面差异也有显性意义，而在性格、家族史上的差异则无显性意义。Logistic回归分析显示服药依从性、社会支持、诊断分型、症状特点、住院次数、病程特点6个因素对分裂症患疗效影响有显意义。结论：分裂症患难治的原因既有生物学因素，也有社会心理因素，在治疗分裂症患时应注意多因素的影响。     

男性海洛因依赖者渴求与心身症状的相关研究

目的了解男性海洛因依赖者(MPHD)渴求的影响因素。方法采用一般情况问卷(自拟)、渴求问卷(HCQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)、抑郁自评问卷(SDS)、焦虑自评问卷(SAS)对湖南地区218名男性海洛因依赖者进行测评。结果渴求随吸毒年限的延长而逐渐加重(P<0.05或P<0.01)。HCQ中除“自我控制”因子外,与SDS、SAS总分、SCL-90总分及各因子均显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),相关值在0.168~0.375之间。以HCQ总分为因变量进行多元回归分析,海洛因使用年限、SCL-90偏执因子、SAS总分、日吸烟量依次进入回归方程,标准化回归系数分别为0.099,0.321,0.032,0.022。结论MPHD有严重的药物渴求,渴求受多种因素影响。     

煤矿井下工伤事故经历者的心理研究

目的研究煤矿井下工伤事故经历者的心理健康状况。方法在煤矿井下工伤事故发生后1周,对事故亲身经历者进行症状自评量表（SCL-90）,焦虑自评量表（SAS）,抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行评定,并与对照组进行比较。结果研究组的SAS、SDS、SCL-90评分与对照组比较存在显著性差异。结论煤矿井下工伤事故经历者在强烈急性的应激创伤下,出现明显的紧张、焦虑、抑郁等情绪障碍,该人群需要科学的心理干预和良好的社会支持。     

The effect of stimulus significance on relatively sustained (tonic-like) and relatively transient (phasic-like) aspects of electrodermal, heart rate, and eyeblink response

To examine the influence of stimulus significance on more sustained as well as transient aspects of electrodermal, cardiac (HR), and eyeblink response, a 21-sec tone was sounded in one ear or the other. A click occurred during many tones, and a light followed offset by 9 sec. Four groups were studied: one pressed a pedal immediately on hearing any click; another only on click during tone in a specified ear; a third also responded only to the specified ear, but withheld press until the light; a fourth listened without any response. Results confirmed the important role of stimulus significance in each system whether between- or within-subject comparisons were made. Sustained responses were seen only when a significant signal was sought, involving in each case sustained HR deceleration, slowed blink rate, and heightened electrodermal level. Transient response to click and light also appeared only when there were significant signals. Response to tone-onset gave more ambiguous results. ANOVAs of response magnitude suggested that onset of nonsignificant tones might have elicited ORs, while binomial tests indicated these were not elicited with better than random frequency anywhere but on those trials occurring more frequently at the experiment's onset. Interpretations consistent with both the significance hypothesis and with a distinction between automatic and voluntary ORs can be made only here. Motor response had no effect on electrodermal or eyeblink response, and on HR was associated only with increased acceleration 1-2 sec after pedal-press. Studies using small motor responses to establish stimulus significance are therefore not likely to be substantially biased by the response itself.     

Ovarian carcinoma: Management of stress in patients and physicians

A discussion of the management of ovarian cancer invariably involves the problems of death and dying faced by the patient, her family, and her physician. This paper attempts to deal with the general fears, anxieties, and problems of terminality, and also places attention on specific issues involved in living with the ongoing disease and its treatments. Focus is on the effects of the disease on the woman's self-image, on her family and relationships, on life outside the hospital, and on her relationship with her attending physician. Specific problems relating to the periods of (1) diagnosis, (2) operative management and treatment, and (3) terminality are discussed. Understanding the psychosocial realities of the patient provides the physician with added insights into methods to assist the patient in adaptation and coping with this ultimately fatal disease.