Oclusión temporal con balón de las arterias hipogástricas en una paciente con acretismo placentario

Placenta accreta spectrum is an abnormal placentation that results in an increase in maternal morbidity and mortality, which mostly occurs due to severe haemorrhage. We present the case of a patient diagnosed prenatally with placenta accreta spectrum, premature rupture of membranes and bleeding, who was managed by a multidisciplinary team. Temporary bilateral hypogastric balloon occlusion was placed before caesarean hysterectomy, with good results for the mother.     

产后抑郁症患者认知模式与人格特质

目的探讨产后抑郁症患者(PPD)认知模式、人格特质的特点及两者之间的关系。方法采用自动思维问卷(ATQ)、功能失调性态度问卷(DAS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)对389名产后3～7天的产妇进行测查。结果①在389名调查者中,产后抑郁症患者147例(37.8%);②产后抑郁症患者与产后非抑郁产妇的ATQ总分和DAS总分差异有统计学意义(t=10.271,4.993;P<0.001);产后抑郁症患者与产后非抑郁产妇DAS的7个因子脆弱性、完美化、强制性、寻求赞许、依赖性、自主性态度、认知哲学得分差异均有统计学意义(t=2.736,4.082,2.826,3.736,3.321,2.649,2.924;P<0.01);③产后抑郁症患者和产后非抑郁产妇的精神质(P)、内外倾(E)、神经质(N)、和说谎(L)4个量表的得分差异均有统计学意义(t=3.990,2.052,11.154,4.038;P<0.01);④产后抑郁症患者的精神质与ATQ总分,认知哲学呈正相关(r=0.276,0.223;P<0.01);说谎与ATQ总分呈负相关(r=-0.252,P<0.01);内外倾与脆弱性、自主性态度呈负相关(r=-0.144,-0.167;P<0.05),神经质与ATQ总分、吸引/排斥呈正相关(r=0.369,0.183;P<0.05);⑤精神质和神经质可以预测产后抑郁症患者的自动思维,建立的回归方程为:ATQ=3.959+0.705×TN+0.329×TP。结论产后抑郁症患者存在歪曲认知;产妇的人格特质与抑郁的发生关系密切,对自动思维具有预测作用。     

产后与非产后抑郁症患者失配性负波的对比研究

目的探讨产后抑郁症与非产后抑郁症患者失配性负波（MMN）的差异,为产后抑郁症的预防提供参考指标。方法选择2011年4月一2012年12月解放军第三医院精神科收治的24例产后抑郁症患者（产后组）和25例非产后抑郁症患者（非产后组）为研究对象,并检测其事件相关电位MMN,将其与26名健康志愿者（对照组）的结果进行比较。结果①与对照组相比,产后组、非产后组blMN潜伏期均显著延迟（t=2．84,5．26;P〈0．05）,波幅均显著降低（t=4．16,4．19;P〈0．01）;②与产后组相比,非产后组MMN潜伏期显著延迟,差异有统计学意义（t=3．63,P〈0．05）;两组波幅差异均无统计学意义。结论产后与非产后抑郁症患者信息自动加工功能均受损,非产后抑郁患者受损程度大于产后抑郁患者。提示产后与非产后抑郁症患者大脑对外界信息的自动加工采用不同的机制。     

Postpartum Blues

An experience that occurred during an obstetrics 3rd year clerkship on the postpartum wards elaborates on and reflects upon the interaction between a student and patient.The stressful interaction and ultimate resolution underpin the sometimes critical moments in education that help define patient-physician relationships.     

Prognosis of postpartum psychiatric disorders in a Turkish sample

Objective

The postpartum period represents a time of increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Postpartum depression is especially very common. Many aetiological risk factors have been reported for postpartum psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postpartum psychiatric disorders in a Turkish sample and discuss their course.

Methods

The files of 6000 inpatients who were admitted to Gazi University School of Medicine Psychiatry Department were evaluated retrospectively, and 67 patients were chosen whose psychiatric illness had began puerperally. These patients were grouped according to age of onset of the illness, number of episodes and the type of these episodes, their postpartum psychiatric diagnoses and illness prognosis.

Results

Of 6000 patients, 67 (1.11%) were diagnosed as having a postpartum psychiatric disorder: 56.7% (n=38) were diagnosed as having a postpartum psychotic disorder, while 35.8% (n=24) as having an affective disorder. Forty-seven patients (70.1%) received a diagnosis of major psychiatric disorder during their follow-up.

Conclusion

These results show that postpartum diagnoses may show a chronic course and cause a life-time psychiatric illness and therefore patients should be monitored carefully for psychotic symptoms even after the acute period is over.     

动脉栓塞治疗产后出血的临床应用研究

目的评价经导管动脉栓塞术(TAE)治疗产后出血的血管造影表现及疗效。方法65例产后出血患者采用右股动脉Seldinger's穿刺技术,选择性插管至双侧髂内动脉或子宫动脉,行数字减影血管造影(DSA)明确出血原因、部位后用庆大霉素浸泡过的明胶海绵颗粒或条栓塞。结果插管成功率100%,手术时间30～60min,平均45.2±4.8min,术后止血总有效率98.46%。术后随访3～60个月,均无严重并发症发生,子宫体按期复旧,转经后月经正常。结论TAE创伤小,疗效快速肯定,对危及生命的产后出血是一种有效的治疗措施。     

盆腔出血性疾病卵巢动脉栓塞治疗

目的评价盆腔出血性疾病经导管栓塞卵巢动脉(OVA)的疗效和安全性。方法对12例OVA参与盆腔出血性疾病供血的患者进行选择性OVA栓塞术,在栓塞OVA之前均曾行常规髂内动脉前支-子宫动脉栓塞术。出血的病因包括产后出血6例,盆腔血管畸形2例,子宫肌瘤、子宫颈癌、子宫肌瘤术后、盆腔纤维肉瘤各1例。12例中,7例于第1次介入治疗栓塞两侧髂内动脉-子宫动脉后未能控制出血,第2次造影显示OVA参与出血的供血,5例于栓塞两侧髂内动脉-子宫动脉后发现OVA参与病变供血。栓塞OVA的材料用PVA3例、PVA 明胶海绵颗粒7例、PVA 明胶海绵颗粒 微型钢圈2例。结果选择性OVA造影显示对比剂外溢至宫腔(盆腔)10例、OVA参与病变供血2例,未显示髂内动脉和其他侧支参与供血。选择性栓塞OVA的技术成功率为100%,包括栓塞两侧OVA者4例、单侧者8例,未发生与栓塞术相关的并发症。12例患者经补充栓塞参与出血或病变的OVA后出血立即停止,住院期间未再复发出血。术后随访2周～36个月,3例术后2～3周子宫切除,1例盆腔纤维肉瘤术后接受放射治疗,1例盆腔动静脉畸形出院后仍有间歇少量阴道出血、未特殊处理,2例出现一过性卵巢功能减退症状,分别于术后3、4个月恢复正常月经。其余7例在随访期间未复发出血、月经周期正常。结论OVA可参与盆腔出血性疾病的供血,是导致常规栓塞两侧髂内动脉-子宫动脉不能控制出血的原因之一。如发现OVA参与盆腔出血性病变的供血,补充做OVA栓塞术是安全和有效的。     

急诊动脉栓塞治疗产后子宫大出血的临床应用

目的 :探讨产后子宫大出血急诊动脉栓塞的应用价值。方法 :本组 13例产后子宫大出血患者平均出血量2 2 0 0ml ,采用Seldinger法先行腹主动脉造影 ,明确出血动脉后 ,选择或超选择性插管 ,经导管注入明胶海绵颗粒和真丝线段栓塞。结果 :13例子宫大出血患者全部栓塞成功 ,随访 3个月仍无复发。结论 :急诊动脉栓塞治疗产后子宫大出血既安全、有效 ,又无严重并发症发生 ,值得临床推广使用。     

改良式子宫B-Lynch缝合在剖宫产术中发生产后出血中的应用

目的研究改良式B-Lynch缝合术在治疗剖宫产宫缩乏力性产后出血中的应用价值。方法 12例剖宫产术中宫缩乏力性产后出血病例采用改良式B-Lynch缝合术治疗。结果无1例因血液循环不良或再出血而行子宫切除或再次手术,无并发症发生,子宫复旧、月经复潮时间无异常。结论改良式B-Lynch缝合术具有操作简单、止血迅速及安全易行等诸多优点,早应用可避免或减少输血、减少感染机会以及失血性休克、DIC的发生,并能保留生育功能,是治疗剖宫产宫缩乏力性产后出血最有效的外科止血方法。