Maturation of Pulmonary Metastases of Wilms' Tumor after Therapy: A Case Report

A case is reported of Wilms' tumor associated with multiple pulmonary metastases histologically showing maturation of the tumor cells at 9 years after the resection of the primary tumor and intensive therapy. A huge tumor of a 22-month-old patient's right kidney was resected. The tumor was diagnosed as Wilms' tumor of mesenchymal type (stage 1), which consisted of predominantly immature mesenchymal tissue including rhabdomyoblasts, smooth muscle and fibrous tissue, and few blastemal and epithelial components. Intensive preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy with actinomycin D and vincristine and postoperative irradiation therapy totaling 16 Gy were carried out. The patient was regularly followed up uneventfully until 9 years after the surgery. On routine chest x ray at the age of 10 years 11 months, multiple pulmonary nodules were found. The excised nodules from the bilateral lungs disclosed similar histology, exclusively composed of dense collagen bundles and fibrocytes intermingled with mature striated muscle bundles. No immature tumor components were detected. The possible effect of intensive therapy in this maturation was stressed, although spontaneous benign differentiation of tumor cells cannot be excluded.     

Primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum with distant metastasis to the stomach: Report of a case

Primary extranodal malignant lymphoma frequently occurs in the gastrointestinal tract; however, it is rarely encountered in the rectum. We report herein the case of an 85-year-old man who underwent abdominoperineal resection for primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum, and 1 year later, developed hematemesis caused by gastric metastasis. To our knowledge this is the first case report of such distant metastasis developing from malignant lymphoma of the rectum.     

Giant splenic metastasis due to lung adenocarcinoma

Lung cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in western countries and most of the patients present at advanced stages, but single splenic metastasis is exceptional instead. We report on a case of a seventy-three-year old male presenting with non-hemoptoic productive cough, constitutional syndrome and pain in the left lower quadrant. Physical examination and complementary radiological and hystologycal procedures revealed the presence of an adenocarcinoma of the left lung with probable splenic metastasis. The patient underwent splenectomy, which confirmed the diagnose of splenic metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma and, secondly, lung resection was performed. Topics about lung cancer metastasis are discussed.     

肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉继发肺低灌注的CT与DSA对照研究

目的　探讨肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉继发肺低灌注的CT特征及其诊断价值。方法　对2 0例手术及病理证实的肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉 (cancerousinvasionofcentralpulmonaryarteriesinlungcancer,CICPA)患者术前肺血管DSA及增强螺旋CT(含高分辨率CT ,即HRCT)征象行前瞻性对照研究。根据DSA和CT胸膜下末梢肺动脉分布和数量变化 ,即肺血管征、肺毛细血管充盈度和肺实质强化后密度及时间 密度曲线变化 (即肺实质征 ) ,行两者间的盲法对照 ,统计学分析CT与DSA征象及其一致性 ,评估CT对CICPA继发肺低灌注的诊断价值。结果　 2 0例手术病理证实的CICPA病例中 ,共3 0支肺叶动脉受累 ,DSA显示 90 % (2 7/3 0 )出现肺叶低灌注征象 ,CT诊断肺低灌注敏感度为 78%(2 1/2 7) ,特异度 10 0 % (3 /3 ) ,准确度 80 % (2 4/3 0 )。肺低灌注与CPA狭窄程度无明显相关性 (rs=0 40 ,P =0 0 73 )。CT与DSA的肺血管征一致性较好 (Kappa =0 69,P <0 0 0 1) ,而肺实质征一致性稍差 (Kappa =0 3 7,P =0 0 11)。结论　肺低灌注是肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉的常见表现 ,CT对其定性诊断具有重要价值 ,而定量判断有一定限度     

Lymph node metastases in the neck and parotid gland from an unknown primary melanoma

A lymph node metastasis in the neck or parotid region from an unknown primary melanoma is an uncommon occurrence. Out of a total of 300 patients with head and neck melanoma treated at the Netherlands Cancer Institute between 1976 and 1992, 17 (5.7%) presented in this way. The most common site for metastatic lymph nodes (18 nodes in 17 patients) was level V (n= 7), followed by the parotid region (n= 4), level II (n= 4), level III (n= 2), and level IV (n= 7). Two patients had local excision of the neck node metastasis only, while the remaining 15 patients underwent more extensive surgical treatment. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate in this group was 48%, with a median survival of 36 months, which is more or less similar to the prognosis of stage II melanoma of the head and neck with a known, surgically treated primary tumour. No relation was found between disease-free interval and sex, the number of positive lymph nodes or the duration of symptoms.     

94例脑转移瘤CT诊断与临床分析

总结94例脑转移瘤的CT诊断与临床资料。临床多以颅内压增高及脑组织损坏为主要征象。原发肿瘤部位按例数依次为肺癌、乳腺癌、鼻咽癌、甲状腺癌、胃癌和前列腺癌。原发肿瘤的症状常较隐匿,60％的病人首先发现脑转移瘤,然后才追查到原发肿瘤。当发现脑内多发或单发肿瘤时,应排除转移瘤。CT是诊断脑转移瘤的可靠方法,能准确地判断肿瘤的部位、大小、数目以及水肿范围与并发改变等情况。     

Metastasis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma to Testis

Metastatic carcinoma to the testis is very rare. Metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma to testis was detected incidentally after bilateral orchiectomy for hormonal management of metastatic prostate carcinoma. The metastatic lesion was not identified in physical examination or in macroscopic dissection of the testis after surgery. Microscopy revealed an adenocarcinoma which, given the history of the patient and a positive immunohistochemical stain for PSA, was identified as metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma.     

乳腺癌层粘连蛋白的免疫组织化学研究

本研究应用层粘连蛋白（ＬＮ）抗体，对２７例乳腺癌、５例乳腺良性病变进行了免疫组织化学研究。结果发现乳腺良性病变时，ＬＮ以均匀完整的线型阳性反应显示在乳腺导管及小叶基膜处。乳腺癌时，ＬＮ的染色表现为癌细胞胞浆内弥漫状阳性反应。２７例乳腺癌中，癌细胞ＬＮ染色强度不同，伴有转移的乳腺癌ＬＮ染色多数较强，强度在＋＋～的为７／１２（５８．３％）；不伴有转移的病例，ＬＮ染色多数较浅或为阴性，强度在＋＋～＋＋＋的病例为３／１５（２０％）。说明癌细胞内源性ＬＮ染色强弱与肿瘤转移密切相关，内源性ＬＮ的合成可能改变肿瘤细胞的浸润活性。     

恶性肿瘤患者的皮肤转移（附50例报告）

恶性肿瘤的皮肤转移确与患者的病种、病理类型、术前后淋巴结转移情况、临床分期、手术类型、放疗及化疗的剂量、遗传因素有关。其出现于任何部位均提示预后不佳。     

The relationship of proliferating cell density at the invasive tumour front with prognostic and risk factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: We hypothesise that the density of proliferating cells at the invasive tumour front (ITF) has a positive relationship with prognostic and risk factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: Tissues from 47 human oral SCC specimens were collected and stained with a monoclonal antibody directed against the Ki-67 antigen using a horseradish peroxidase based two-step immunostaining method. Counting was performed on two parallel sections at the ITF using an image analyser. The Ki-67 labelling index (LI) was determined by measuring the number of nuclei/mm(2) of epithelium. RESULTS: Our results show that the density of proliferating cells is related to clinical staging, with advanced stage of disease having a significantly higher Ki-67 LI compared with early stage of disease (2111 +/- 905 vs. 1908 +/- 913; P = 0.03). Importantly, this study shows that tumours that have metastasised have a significantly higher Ki-67 LI than tumours where distant metastasis was not detected (3257 +/- 650 vs. 1966 +/- 881; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Cell proliferation, as measured by the Ki-67 LI at the ITF, has a positive relationship with clinical staging, tumour thickness, smoking status of the patient and alcohol consumption. Further, we suggest that a multicenter study with a large cohort of patients is indicated to fully elucidate whether cell proliferation at the ITF is directly related to patient survival.