Is the knowledge of contact force beneficial in pulmonary vein antrum isolation?

Objective: To investigate the effect of the operator knowing the real-time contact force (CF) on the efficacy of pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI).

Methods: Fifty patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) or short lasting persistent AF were randomized to CF guided PVAI (n?=?25) or conventional PVAI (n?=?25). In the CF guided group, CF between 10 and 40?g was aimed at. Efficacy of PVAI was measured as reduction in AF burden (AFB) and time to AF recurrence detected by implantable cardiac monitor (ICM), inserted three months before PVAI. Blanking period was three months and follow-up 12 months.

Results: All pulmonary veins were isolated in the CF guided group and all but one in the conventional group. Mean CF was 25?g in the CF guided group and 24?g in the conventional group (p?=?0.75). Compared to pre-ablation, median [IQR] relative reduction in AFB 3–12 months after ablation was 100 [99–100]% in the CF guided group (p?p?p?=?0.09). Nine patients (36%) had AF recurrence in the CF guided group and 13 (52%) in the conventional group (p?=?0.21, log-rank test). CF differed between operators. When adjusted for operator by regression analysis, patients without recurrent AF had lower proportion of ablation time with CF <10?g than recurrent patients (p?=?0.034). No complications occurred.

Conclusions: Operator knowledge of real-time CF had no significant effect on AFB reduction or time to AF recurrence. Larger trials should be done to study benefit of real-time CF.     

Sustained Viral Response Is Rarely Achieved in Patients with High Viral Load of HCV RNA by Excessive Interferon Therapy

Adequate dosing of interferon (IFN) and its cost-effectiveness for sustained virological response were evaluated in relation to viral load and subtype. Prospective analysis of IFN therapy on 326 patients with chronic hepatitis C free from cirrhosis was performed using 9 or 6 million unit (MU) of IFN for six months daily and/or three times a week. Sustained virological response was achieved in 50–94% of patients with 2 × 10⁴ copies/ml (competitive RT-PCR) or <100 × 10³ copies/ml (Amplicor monitor) of HCV RNA by 468–1206 MU of IFN, but response was only 0–25% of the patients with 2 × 10^5.5 copies/ml (competitive RT-PCR) or >200 × 10³ copies/ml (Amplicor monitor), even with 468–1206 MU of IFN. A high sustained rate was demonstrated in patients with 100–200 × 10³ copies/ml of HCV RNA by 901–1206 MU of IFN, in comparison to that with 900 MU of IFN. Multivariate analysis showed that IFN dose had a significant value for the efficacy of IFN therapy in patients presenting 100–200 × 10³ copies/ml of HCV RNA. Cost efficacy analysis indicated that it cost approximately $10,000, $26,000, and $50,000–227,000 for one person-viral eradication in the patients with <100, 100–200, and >200 × 10³ copies/ml, respectively. High-dose IFN is only cost effective in patients with intermediate viral loads, and IFN therapy could be recommended in patients with <200 × 10³ copies/ml of HCV RNA.     

便携式睡眠呼吸暂停监护系统的设计

目的设计一套可以直接佩戴在患者身上的睡眠呼吸心电监护系统,以便于检测患者是否存在睡眠呼吸暂停症状。方法采用ALTERA公司的FPGA和Nios II 32位软核处理器以及相关的开发工具,应用可编程片上系统(system on a programmable chip,SOPC)的设计方法,将复杂的控制系统集成到单一的FPGA器件上,在Nios II IDE集成开发环境下完成软件开发。系统以嵌入式处理器为核心,通过传感器同步检测患者的呼吸和打鼾的次数,并记录平均每小时出现呼吸暂停的次数和时间。结果可穿戴式的传感器和电极能同时检测患者的呼吸信号、心电信号和心率,并判断呼吸暂停期间心电信号或心率有无异常,情况危急时给予预警。结论经过测试与验证,该系统具有操作简单、轻便低功耗等特点,患者不需住院,直接在居家环境下进行睡眠检测,减少了患者的心理负担,提高了检测的准确度。     

某综合医院多重耐药菌感染目标性监测与综合干预研究

目的了解某综合医院住院患者多重耐药菌(MDRO)感染情况,采取有效的综合干预措施,以期降低医院MDRO感染。方法对2012年10月—2013年12月住院患者开展MDRO目标性监测,采取综合干预措施,比较干预前后MDRO医院感染发生情况。结果共调查住院患者62 384例,病原学送检率为17.91%(11 176例),606例次患者检出MDRO,其中MDRO医院感染292例次(0.47%),社区感染/定植314例次。MDRO医院感染例次率由干预前的0.65%(75/11 603),降至干预后的0.26%(36/13 875),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=21.08,P0.05)。结论采取综合干预措施可有效控制MDRO医院感染。     

心电监护仪智能化质控平台的研究

目的:设计一个对心电监护仪的质控管理平台,使检测人员能迅速、客观评判监护仪的质量控制结果并实现质控工作全流程的监控和记录.方法:通过对现行心电监护仪质量控制方法的深入研究,利用现有检测设备,采用数据库技术和基于神经网络的数字识别技术完成质控平台的设计.结果:该平台能够实现对心电监护仪质控数据的智能采集、识别、数据分析以及统计和评判工作.结论:该平台的应用将大大推动军队医院质控工作朝着准确、高效和客观的方向发展,增强心电监护仪的质控管理力度,提高医疗服务水平.     

基于电阻抗技术的多通道呼吸监测系统

目的为及时检测到早期呼吸系统疾病引起的呼吸功能的改变,本研究开发了一套采用生物电阻抗技术同时监测胸部和腹部的呼吸电阻抗信号的多通道呼吸监测系统。方法本系统主要分为3个单元：电阻抗数据采集单元、多通道开关单元和控制单元。电阻抗数据采集单元完成生物电阻抗数据高精度的检测,多通道开关单元完成不同部位数据采集通道之间的转换,控制单元采用LabVIEW编程实现对电阻抗数据采集单元和多通道开关单元的控制、同步采集、数据的显示及存储。利用本系统采集5名健康人长跑5000m前后胸部和腹部的同步呼吸电阻抗信号,采用一种新的参数定量描述胸部和腹部的呼吸电阻抗信号的同步程度。结果长跑前后胸部和腹部同步呼吸电阻抗信号的同步程度具有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论基于电阻抗技术的多通道呼吸监测系统能够有效用于多个部位呼吸电阻抗信号的同步监测,为早期呼吸系统疾病的检测提供辅助诊断信息。     

多参数监护仪的质控检测初探

目的通过对多参数监护仪的质控工作,掌握在用多参数监护仪的性能现状,提高其使用的安全性和准确性。方法心脏重症监护病房（CCU）的24台某品牌多参数监护仪。采用Fluke专业的质控设备对多参数监护仪的电气安全、心电、血氧、血压、呼吸等进行检测。结果一次合格率为75％,二次合格率为95．8％,其中心率检测有3台不合格,无创血压检测有2台不合格．血氧饱和度检测有2台不合格：不合格主要原因是心电导联线、袖带、血氧探头的老化。结论加强医疗设备的质量控制关系重大．要制定合理的质控方案,确保医疗设备的安全性和准确性。     

湖北省2005~2019年肾综合征出血热监测结果分析

目的分析2005~2019年湖北省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集2005~2019年湖北省HFRS的疫情资料和鼠监测资料,开展描述性分析和相关分析。结果湖北省2005~2019年HFRS年平均发病率为0.56/10万,发病高峰为每年5~7月、11月至次年1月,2016年以后病例数上升明显,病例以男性、农民为主,35~69岁人群占79.93%,其中60岁及以上的占27.75%(1354/4879)。2019年湖北省HFRS发病率居前五位的地市为潜江市(6.21/10万)、天门市(4.01/10万)、荆州市(3.01/10万)、仙桃市(2.28/10万)和荆门市(2.04/10万)。发病率和鼠密度呈正相关(r_s=0.57,P<0.05)。结论近年来湖北省HFRS疫情有所回升,应重点关注潜江市、天门市和荆州市等江汉平原地区和60岁及以上人群,开展"监测、健教、灭鼠、免疫"并重的综合性防控措施。     

The impact of intracranial pressure monitoring on mortality after severe traumatic brain injury

Background

The effect of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring on mortality after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) remains unclear. We hypothesized that ICP monitoring would not be associated with improved survival in patients with sTBI.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on sTBI patients, defined as admission Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8 or less with intracranial hemorrhage. Patients who underwent ICP monitoring were compared with patients who did not. The primary outcome measure was inhospital mortality.

Results

Of 123 sTBI patients meeting inclusion criteria, 40 (32.5%) underwent ICP monitoring. On bivariate and multivariate regression analyses, ICP monitoring was associated with decreased mortality (odds ratio = .32, 95% confidence interval = .10 to .99, P = .049). This finding persisted on propensity-adjusted analysis.

Conclusions

ICP monitoring is associated with improved survival in adult patients with sTBI. In addition, significant variability exists in the use of ICP monitoring among patients with sTBI.