Bleeding from foveolar hyperplasia developing on a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach

A 52‐year‐old Japanese woman who presented with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding underwent a proximal gastrectomy for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with a foveolar hyperplasia at the apex of the tumor, 4.5 cm in size, located in the upper body of the stomach. Although GIST are often asymptomatic and are found only incidentally, clinical symptoms such as bleeding, abdominal pain, or obstruction, occasionally lead to a premorbid diagnosis. When submucosal tumors present GI bleeding, the source of the bleeding usually is an ulceration of the mucosa over the tumor. However, in the present study, it was thought that the bleeding originated from the region of foveolar hyperplasia.     

不稳定型心绞痛血运重建后氧化和抗氧化指标的动态变化及临床意义

目的　探讨不稳定型心绞痛 (UAP)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后丙二醛和超氧化物歧化酶水平的变化规律及临床意义。方法　连续观察 2 5例不稳定心绞痛患者经皮冠脉治疗术前及术后 1、2 4和 72h血液中丙二醛 (MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)的变化。另设单纯行冠脉造影的不稳定型心绞痛患者 2 0例和健康者 2 0名作对照 ,MDA和SOD分别用硫代巴比妥酸法和黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定其血清含量 ,并随访术后 3个月心血管事件的发生情况。结果　MDA在不稳定型心绞痛患者中的浓度明显高于健康者 ,介入治疗后 1h进一步升高 ,持续至 2 4h(P =0 .0 0 1) ,72h回复至术前水平 ;单纯行冠脉造影者 ,术前与术后无明显改变。SOD在不稳定型心绞痛患者中的浓度明显低于健康者 (P〈0 .0 5 ) ,介入治疗后进一步降低。结论　不稳定型心绞痛患者介入治疗后MDA和SOD在 72h内有动态变化 ,可能是术后早期心血管事件的危险因素     

先天性心脏病动脉导管未闭介入治疗及血流动力学变化

目的观察动脉导管未闭经皮心导管封堵术前后右心血流动力学的变化,评价其临床意义。方法对50例动脉导管未闭儿童患者,在进行介入性经皮心导管封堵术治疗前应用X线降主动脉造影测量前,术后经导管检测右心血流动力学指标变化。结果未闭动脉导管最窄处直径(5．6±1．3)mm;术前肺动脉平均压(19．1±2．3)mmHg,左向右分流量平均为(0．41±0．13)l／min,血流分流量占肺循环血流量的比例平均为(0．17±0．03);术后肺动脉平均压(14．4±1．7)mmHg,左向右分流量平均为(0．03±0．01)l／min,血流分流量占肺循环血流量的比例平均为(0．02±0．01),相应数据比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。结论动脉导管未闭经皮心导管封堵术前后血流动力学会发生改变,肺动脉平均压,左向右分流量以及分流量占肺循环血流量的比例均会不同程度下降,这种改变可以作为评价介入治疗效果的重要指标。     

经皮椎体成形术中骨水泥对老年骨质疏松症患者凝血功能的影响

目的 观察经皮椎体成形术(PVP)中骨水泥对老年骨质疏松症患者凝血功能的影响.方法 于椎弓根穿刺前10 min、注入骨水泥后1、20 min、2 h分别抽血检测11例患者的凝血功能相关指标,包括血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化的部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)和鱼精蛋白副凝固实验(3P实验),并汇总数据进行统计学分析.结果 PVP中骨水泥注入后20 min,PT缩短、FIB增高、3P实验阳性率升高(P<0.05),骨水泥注入2 h后基本恢复至注入前水平.除1例患者PTA术后2 h稍高于正常值(126%),其余患者各个时间点的各项指标均在正常参考值范围内.结论 PVP术中注入骨水泥对于凝血功能正常的患者基本安全,但在注入后会产生一过性轻微的高凝倾向.     

ENDOSCOPY ASSISTED REMOVAL OF FERROMAGNETIC COINS WITH NOVEL MAGNETIC INSTRUMENT

Background: Ingestion of coins is a common clinical problem in children. Many of the coins are ferromagnetic and can be retrieved with the help of a magnet. We describe the use of a novel endoscopic accessory for removing ferromagnetic coins. Material and methods: Two magnet discs of 1.5 cm diameter were joined to a 200 cm steel wire of 0.75 mm thickness with a terminal 5 cm spring. A Teflon tube (160 cm, 7 F) was used along with this instrument as a sleeve. The use of this accessory was analyzed prospectively in subjects presenting with a history of coin ingestion. The time taken for removal of coins, complications during the procedure and failure rate was noted. Effect of the magnet on cardiac rhythm was also noted during the procedure. Results: A total of 55 children (mean age 5.1 ± 2.3 years) with coin ingestion presented over a period of 1 year. Forty‐four coins were ferromagnetic. All ferromagnetic coins were removed successfully. Mean time for removal was 68 ± 22 s. No complications were encountered. Conclusion: The novel magnetic instrument is precise, safe and quick for the removal of ferromagnetic coins under direct vision.     

CURRENT STATUS OF DOUBLE BALLOON ENDOSCOPY

Yamamoto and colleagues have developed a novel insertion method of the endoscope, the ‘double balloon method’ for enteroscopy and, recently, a specialized system for the ‘double balloon method’ has been commercialized by Fujinon. The double balloon endoscopy enables visualization of the entire small bowel and also allows for interventional therapy in the small intestine. This method could be used either from the oral or anal approach. Observation of an affected area with controlled movement of the endoscope enables interventions, including biopsies, hemostasis, balloon dilatation, stent placement, polypectomy, and endoscopic mucosal resection. The procedure is safe and useful, and it provides high diagnostic yields and therapeutic capabilities.     

尿道狭窄的腔内手术治疗体会（附26例报告）

目的 总结提高尿道狭窄的腔内手术治疗成功率。方法 总结26例尿道狭窄冷刀内切开手术治疗的经验。结果 25例（96％）手术成功，1例因狭窄段较长（5cm）无法置入导丝引导改行开放手术治疗。25例随访16年，均排尿通畅。结论 术前准确了解尿道狭窄状况，术中冷刀循正道切开，充分切开疤痕，术后积极预防感染，正确留置导尿管是手术成功的重要保证。     

内镜下逆行胰胆管造影加乳头切开对胆总管结石的诊疗价值

目的　评价内镜下逆行胰胆管造影 (ERCP)对胆总管结石的诊断及治疗价值。方法　回顾性分析 14 2例临床怀疑有胆总管结石的患者先行ERCP检查 ,再经内镜下乳头括约肌切开术 (EST)治疗胆总管结石。结果　本组 14 2例 ,ERCP准确诊断胆总管结石 12 8例 ,怀疑结石 3例 ,其余 6例未发现异常 ,漏诊 5例 ,其诊断结石的准确率为 90 .1% ( 12 8/14 2 )。EST取石成功 12 9例 ,失败 4例 ,成功率为 96.9%。采用取石网篮、取石球囊和机械碎石网篮取石。结论　ERCP对胆总管结石有较高的诊断价值。EST是一种诊疗胆总管结石安全、有效的治疗方法     

Percutaneous biopsy in evaluation of lung nodules.

Management of an indeterminate pulmonary nodule is a diagnostic challenge that commonly confronts primary care physicians and specialists. Patients often present with this radiographic finding in the course of an unrelated medical evaluation. We examined our institution's experience with percutaneous biopsy of lung nodules to determine the impact of this procedure on overall patient care. Although significant complications are uncommon, the expedience of percutaneous lung biopsy often supplants a surgical opinion prior to initiation of therapy without added diagnostic benefit or cost-savings. Hence, we caution practitioners to use this technique as an adjunct to diagnosis and not a substitute for multidisciplinary care.     

经皮椎板关节突螺钉固定的应用解剖及影像学研究

[目的]为经皮椎板关节突螺钉的器械设计及临床应用提供解剖学依据。[方法]利用30例干燥腰椎标本，用游标卡尺及量角器测量腰椎椎板上缘及下缘的厚度，椎板关节突螺钉的长度。通过影像学测量椎板的内倾角和下倾角。[结果]椎板的上缘薄而下缘厚。从L1～5椎板的厚度、螺钉的长度及从内倾角逐渐增加，而下倾角逐渐减小。[结论]上缘的厚度太薄不适合螺钉的放置。从L1～5使用4．5mm的皮质骨螺钉固定是安全的，但应该在椎板的下缘置人。注意下倾角和内倾角的变化。设计的瞄准器应该具有调节角度的装置。