Toluene vapor exposure and urinary excretion of hippuric acid among workers in China.

A factory survey was conducted in three provinces in China from 1985 to 1989. The time-weighted average toluene concentrations in breathing zone air were monitored by diffusive sampling, whereas hippuric acid (HA) concentrations in shift-end urine samples were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Exposed workers (456 men and women) were those for whom toluene (up to 548 ppm toluene) accounted for greater than or equal to 90% of total exposure (by vapor concentration in ppm), whereas 517 nonexposed controls were recruited from the same factories or from factories of the same region. There was a linear correlation between the intensity of toluene exposure and HA concentration in the shift-end urine. Comparison of the results with findings in the literature shows that the toluene-induced increase in urinary HA concentration among workers in China is significantly smaller than the published values, whereas HA concentrations in urine samples from nonexposed controls are comparable to the levels previously reported.     

Gd-DOTA as a gastrointestinal contrast agent for gastric emptying measurements with MRI

Current MR meal markers may interfere with gastric motility and secretion restricting the use of MRI in the measurement of gastric physiology. We therefore evaluated Gd-DOTA as a liquid phase marker, in vitro by determining dissociation, and adherence to the solids, and in vivo by simultaneous MRI (0.35 T scanner, multiple T₁-weighted sections of the upper abdomen) and double indicator (perfusion marker PEG 4000, meal marker ^99mTc-DTPA) measurements of emptying and secretion, following ingestion of 500 ml 10% glucose. In vitro Gd-DOTA was stable at a pH > 2 with < 2% dissociation at 24 h during incubation with HCI. Dissociation during incubation with HCI was linearly dependent on H⁺ concentration (0.77 < pH < 2.02). Less Gd-DOTA was absorbed onto the solid phase than ^99mTc-DTPA (25% cf 36%). in vivo Gd-DOTA marked gastric contents provided strong positive contrast. Similar emptying curves were observed with both MRI and double-indicator techniques (r = 0.987, P < 0.001). Gd-DOTA has the potential to be a useful liquid phase contrast agent in MR studies on gastric function.     

功能性便秘患儿胃肠传输时间的测定

目的 :采用不透X线标志物测定功能性便秘患儿和正常儿童全胃肠传输时间口 盲传输时间 ,结肠传输时间及分段结肠传输时间的正常值 .方法 :通过口服不透X线标志物 ,用X线拍片法分别于 12 ,2 4和 4 8h摄腹部平片 ,测定 6 8名正常儿童全胃肠传输时间 (totalgastrointestinaltransittime,TGITT)、口 盲时间 (mouth intestinetransittime ,M ITT)和结肠传输时间 (colonictransittime ,CTT) .结果 :正常儿童及FC患儿的 5 0 %全胃肠、口 盲、全结肠传输时间分别为 (2 3.6± 1.6 )h ,(9.9± 1.4 )h ,(14 .8± 1.8)和 (80 .4± 2 .1)h ,(2 0 .7± 0 .6 )h ,(5 9.9± 2 .3)h .节段性结肠传输时间包括 :右半结肠传输时间 (rightcolonictransittime,RCTT) ;左半结肠传输时间 (leftcolonictransittime ,LCTT)和直肠乙状结肠传输时间 (rectosigmoidcolonictransittime,RSTT)分别为 (7.3± 1.1)h ,(3.4± 0 .8)h ,(4 .1± 1.2 )和 (2 0 .3± 1.2 )h ,(12 .8± 1.7)h ,(2 6 .8± 1.4 )h .结论 :正常儿童胃肠传输时间与正常成人和功能性便秘患儿比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) .胃肠传输时间测定可了解全胃肠及各段的动力情况 ,对功能性便秘的诊断及评估治疗效果有实用意义     

Pathological effects on mice by gambierol, possibly one of the ciguatera toxins

Gambierol was isolated from Gambierdiscus toxicus, which causes ciguatera fish poisoning. The acute toxicological effects induced in mice by synthesized gambierol were studied. The lethal doses were about 80 μg/kg by i.p. and i.v., and 150 μg/kg by p.o. The main injury by this toxin was observed in the lung, and secondary in the heart, resulting in systemic congestion. Another toxic effect was seen in the stomach, inducing hypersecretion and ulceration. With survival from the severe stage during the initial 3 h, recovery was favorable, especially after 4 days. Additional effects were not evident during 1-week post-administration observation.     

慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎中医研究述评

本文通过对古典医籍及近１０年文献有关慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎的资料分析，认为本病的证候特点与中医病名“休息痢”相符，病机归纳为脾虚为发病之本，湿热为致病之标，血瘀为局部病理变化，治疗方面得出了健脾益气化湿、活血化瘀解毒、托疮祛腐生肌等方法是治疗本病之关键的结论，提出分期治疗本病的思想，认为提高近期治愈率、降低复发率及做好癌前监测是今后研究的努力方向。     

少见肺部原发性恶性肿瘤七例报告

报告我院１９８０年－１９９３年诊治的７例少见肺部原发性恶性肿瘤，包括来源于间叶组织的２种肉瘤，来源于间胚叶软组织肿瘤，来源于气管粘膜腺体上皮的肿瘤，１例由原始生细胞向胚外组织分化而成的内胚窦瘤，全部病例经病理活组织检查证实，重点讨论诊断的体会。     

Cytokine production, activation marker, and skin homing receptor in children with atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma

T cells are known to develop a critical role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and bronchial asthma. T cells involved in AD express the skin homing receptor CLA, but no lung homing receptor has been identified in bronchial asthma. We compared different cell markers and the cytokine production in T cells from children with AD or bronchial asthma. We studied the involvement of CLA+ and CLA- T-cell subpopulations in these diseases. We studied 20 children with acute AD lesions, 15 with mild persistent asthma, and 15 non-atopic controls. All patients were sensitized to house dust mite (DP) and evaluated during the acute phase. Total and specific IgE were measured by immunoassay and the expression of different cell markers and the cytokine production was analyzed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Total IgE was significantly higher in AD children and IgE to DP in the asthmatic children. There was a significant increase in CD25+ CD4+ cells in asthmatic children and in HLA-DR+ CD4+ and HLA-DR+ CD8+ cells in AD. In the CD4+ subsets, there was an increase in IL-13, IL-5 and TNF-alpha in AD compared to controls, a decrease in IFN-gamma in asthmatic children compared to controls, and an increase in IL-13, IL5, IL2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma in the AD compared to asthmatic children. Changes in cytokine production were mainly detected in CLA+ cells in AD and in CLA- cells in asthma. Differences exist in total and specific IgE, activation markers, and cytokine patterns between AD children and children with asthma, with the former expressing a Th2 pattern whereas in asthmatic children we only detected a decrease in IFN-gamma. Moreover, the subpopulations (CLA+ vs. CLA-) expressing these changes were different, indicating that the underlying mechanisms in the two diseases are not exactly the same.     

结直肠癌淋巴结转移与部分肿瘤分子标志物表达的相关性研究

目的 探讨部分肿瘤相关分子标志物免疫组织化学的表达与结直肠癌淋巴结转移的相关性.方法 应用免疫组织化学技术检测65例结直肠癌手术标本Ki-67、p53的表达情况,对照手术所见和手术标本的病理检查结果 ,研究这些肿瘤相关分子标志物与肿瘤的生物学特性如浸润和淋巴结转移等的关系.结果 65例结直肠癌手术标本Ki-67、p53免疫组织化学的表达与肿瘤肠壁浸润深度无明显相关性(P＞0.05).Ki-67的表达及Ki-67标记指数的表达与淋巴结转移及Dukes分期有明显的相关性(P＜0.01);p53标记指数的表达与淋巴结转移有相关性(P＜0.05),与Dukes分期有明显的相关性(P＜0.01).结论 作为反应细胞增殖活性的肿瘤相关分子标志物Ki-67,其免疫组织化学的表达程度可间接反映结直肠癌淋巴结转移状况,可能成为反映淋巴结转移的一个标志物.