异种脱细胞真皮基质覆盖自体微粒皮治疗大面积深度烧伤疗效分析

目的：分析研究异种脱细胞真皮基质覆盖自体微粒皮治疗大面积深度烧伤的临床疗效。方法随机选取该院在2013年2月-2015年1月间接诊的30例大面积深度烧伤患者作为研究对象,所有患者早期均进行切(削)痂术治疗,并采用异种脱细胞真皮基质覆盖自体微粒皮进行创面治疗,观察患者脱细胞真皮基质的变化情况以及患者创面的修复情况。结果术后所有患者异种脱细胞真皮基质敷料与创面均贴敷良好且未有明显溶解、脱落现象出现。30例患者均在3~4周内脱细胞猪皮逐渐脱水干燥,治疗2个月后,创面完全愈合、无水泡以及溃疡情况出现,且愈合质量较高、移植皮肤弹性良好。结论异种脱细胞真皮基质覆盖自体微粒皮治疗大面积深度烧伤的临床疗效较好,具有临床推广应用价值。     

苍黄颗粒联合多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊治疗湿瘀互阻型非酒精性脂肪性肝炎80例疗效观察

目的观察苍黄颗粒联合多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊治疗湿瘀互阻型非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的有效性。方法80例患者随机分为治疗组及对照组,治疗组给予苍黄颗粒和多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊,对照组给予多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊。观察两组治疗前后临床症状、肝功能、血脂以及影像学（B超）等疗效指标。结果治疗组在临床总体疗效、临床症状、肝功能、血脂等方面改善程度均优于对照组（P〈O．05）。结论苍黄颗粒联合多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊治疗湿瘀互阻型非酒精性脂肪性肝炎疗效确切,有必要进一步推广应用。     

银黄颗粒治疗急慢性咽炎的临床疗效研究

目的探讨银黄颗粒治疗急慢性咽炎的临床疗效。方法回顾分析2009年6月～2011年6月我院收治的99例急慢性咽炎患者临床资料,将其随机分为对照组（50例）和观察组（49例）。对照组采用西药治疗,观察组给予银黄颗粒治疗。7 d后观察并比较两组患者的症状、体征总积分,症状、体征改善以及不良反应发生情况。结果对照组和观察组的治疗前的积分分别为（17.94±4.53）、（18.21±5.01）分,治疗后积分分别为（5.32±3.06）、（3.02±2.38）分,两组治疗后的积分情况明显优于治疗前（P〈0.01）,且观察组治疗后的积分明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组的咽痛、灼热、咳嗽、发痒、分泌物、咽部红肿及滤泡增生的改善率分别为89.58%、80.43%、80.85%、93.33%、81.82%、91.84%及82.93%明显高于对照组的74.00%、70.21%、70.83%、84.78%、73.33%、82.00%及69.77%（P〈0.05、P〈0.01）;两组间的不良反应比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论银黄颗粒治疗急慢性咽炎临床疗效显著,不良反应少,不易反复发作,值得在临床推广应用。     

小儿抗病毒颗粒药效学研究

目的 观察小儿抗病毒颗粒的解热祛痰、镇咳平喘作用。方法 采用干酵母致热造模法观察小儿抗病毒颗粒对大鼠的解热作用,给药剂量分别为4.18、2.09、1.05 g/kg,每天ig给药1次,连续3 d,末次给药后sc干酵母混合溶液,4～8 h后测大鼠体温。采用酚红比色法观察其对小鼠的祛痰作用,给药剂量分别为5.22、2.61、1.31 g /kg,每天ig给药2次,连续7 d,末次给药1 h后进行检测。采用氨水吸入引咳法观察其对小鼠的镇咳作用,给药剂量同祛痰实验,每天ig给药2次,连续3 d,观察潜伏期和咳嗽次数。采用雾化乙酰胆碱吸入引喘法进行豚鼠平喘试验,给药剂量分别为3.65、1.83、0.914 g /kg,每天给药2次,连续3 d,测定引喘潜伏期。结果 小儿抗病毒颗粒能使小鼠气管酚红的分泌量增加（P＜0.05）;显著抑制由干酵母引发的大鼠发热反应（P＜0.05）及小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期延长（P＜0.05）;使豚鼠哮喘潜伏期显著延长（P＜0.05）。结论 小儿抗病毒颗粒具有明显的解热祛痰、镇咳平喘作用。     

强肝益肾颗粒治疗慢性肝炎疗效观察

目的：探讨强肝益肾颗粒治疗慢性肝炎的效果。方法：肝炎62例随机分为强肝益肾颗粒治疗组和对照组,每组各31例。两组均连续服药3个月。动态观察临床表现和生化指标。结果：治疗1、2、3个月、随访1个月复常率,口服强肝益肾颗粒组分别为90.3%（28/31）、93.5%（29/31）、93.5%（29/31）、87.1%（27/31）,对照组分别为64.5%（20/31）、71.0%（22/31）、61.3%（19/31）、51.6%（16/31）,治疗组肝功复常率各时间段均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：强肝益肾颗粒是治疗慢性肝炎的有效药物。     

忍冬感冒颗粒的主要药效学试验

目的研究忍冬感冒颗粒的药理作用。方法应用药理学模型对体外抗炎、解热、镇痛、镇咳等药效学进行试验。结果忍冬感冒颗粒能有效抑制毛细血管通透性,降低蛋清性大鼠足跖肿胀百分率;能抑制2,4-二硝基苯酚引起的大鼠体温升高;使热刺激痛阈提高,使扭体潜伏期显著延长,扭体次数明显减少;减少氨水引发的小鼠咳嗽次数,并延长咳嗽潜伏期。结论忍冬感冒颗粒具有清热、止咳、抗炎、镇痛的作用。     

狂犬病病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立和阳性对照的制备

目的 建立狂犬病病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,制备狂犬病病毒(rabies virus,RV)的假病毒颗粒阳性对照.方法 在RV的N基因保守区设计引物和探针,建立反转录实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,克隆得到噬菌体MS2的装配蛋白和壳蛋白基因(MS2),将其重组到质粒pET-28b(+)中,再将RV的N基因片段重组到MS2下游,经原核表达得到RV假病毒颗粒.结果 实时荧光定量PCR检测RV重组质粒最低检测限为15拷贝/μl,重组表达质粒经原核表达可形成耐RNase的RV病毒样颗粒.结论 建立了反转录实时荧光定量PCR检测RV核酸的方法,成功构建了可耐受RNase且无传染性的RV阳性对照.     

Ecology of the cardiovascular system: A focus on air-related environmental factors

Cardiology is a newcomer to environmental sciences. We aim to propose an original review of the scientific evidence regarding the effects of the environment on cardiovascular health. We report first influences of air-related environmental factors.Air temperature has a strong influence on cardiovascular mortality characterized by a V-like relationship confirming that both cold and hot periods have negative cardiovascular impacts. Furthermore, dynamic changes in temperature are likely more important than the absolute air temperature level. Cardiovascular reactions to air temperature are predominantly driven by increase in sympathetic tone. Indoor pollutants are mainly represented by smoke from cooking stoves and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and both are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. ETS is characterized by a curvilinear dose–effect relationship, showing already a significant effect even at low level of exposure and no threshold in effect appearance. Underlying ETS pathophysiology involves both effects of nicotinic stimulus on the sympathetic system and vascular oxidative stress. Smoking bans, as mitigation measures, were associated with a decrease in cardiovascular events. Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution was more recently recognized as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular mortality. Short-term increases in air pollution were also associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and acute heart failure. Numerous experimental studies demonstrated that air pollution promotes a systemic vascular oxidative stress reaction followed by endothelial dysfunction, monocyte activation, and some proatherogenic changes of lipoproteins. Furthermore, air pollution favors thrombus formation as a result of increase in coagulation factors and platelet activation. Further studies are required to confirm that stricter air quality regulation or antioxidant regimen translate into some clinical benefits.In conclusion, ambient air temperature and pollution are major contributors to cardiovascular diseases. Improving air quality is now part of cardiovascular prevention.     

Deposition and Clinical Impact of Inhaled Particles in the Lung

Particles suspended in the air we breathe are deposited in the airways as a function of the properties of the particle itself (shape, size and hydration), inspiratory air flow, airway anatomy, breathing environment, and mucociliary clearance. The scientific study of the deposition of inhaled particles in the airways has been conducted using traditional mathematical models and imaging techniques with particle markers. In recent years, the integration of statistical and computer methods, giving rise to a new discipline called digital microfluidics, has led to significant advances. In routine clinical practice, these studies are of great use for optimizing inhaler devices in line with particular characteristics of the drug to be inhaled and the pathology of the patient.     

天麻通脑颗粒对急性脑梗死大鼠血管神经再生的影响及作用机制

目的 探讨天麻通脑颗粒对大脑中动脉梗死大鼠血管神经再生的作用机制.方法 取成年雄性SD大鼠54只,随机分为假手术组(n=18)和模型组(n=36).模型组大鼠采用线拴法制作大鼠大脑中动脉局灶性缺血再灌注模型,术后随机分为模型对照组(n=18)和给药组(n=18),于24 h后分别通过腹腔注射给予等量等渗生理盐水或天麻通脑颗粒,4ml/次,2次/d,共14d.术后2h、1d、7d、14d四个不同时间点对脑梗死后大鼠神经功能恢复程度进行神经功能缺损评分.采用苏木素-伊红染色法对脑梗死大鼠于术后第14天进行梗死灶体积测定.采用免疫组化法于术后第14天对缺血侧室管膜下区(SVZ)及纹状体进行5-溴脱氧尿核苷(BrdU)阳性细胞计数.结果 与模型组相比,给药组从术后第7天开始大鼠神经功能就有显著恢复(P=0.043,P=0.031).模型对照组与给药组大鼠的梗死灶体积差异有统计学意义(P=0.044).BrdU免疫组化显示,术后第14天给药组在SVZ及纹状体区域的BrdU阳性细胞数量较模型对照组有显著增高(P=0.009,P =0.044).结论 天麻通脑颗粒可以促进脑缺血大鼠神经功能的恢复,对缺血后脑细胞的增殖具有一定疗效.