人白细胞介素2-Linker-PE38重组毒素的构建

目的　构建人白介素 2 linker PE38融合基因 ,为进一步表达具有特异性杀伤作用的融合蛋白奠定基础。方法　用PCR方法扩增绿脓杆菌外毒素 (PEA)衍生物PE38基因及柔性连接肽linker片段 ,并与人白介素 2 (Interleukin2 ,IL2 )基因连接插入质粒pET2 8a中。结果　构建的表达载体经核苷酸测序分析无突变发生。结论　成功地构建了表达质粒pIL2 linker Pe38。     

Prognostic Significance of Holter Monitor Findings in Patients With Light Chain Amyloidosis

Objective

To evaluate the prognostic impact of Holter findings in patients with light chain amyloidosis.

PEA3在小鼠大脑皮质的表达

目的观察多瘤促活化因子（PEA3）在出生后小鼠大脑皮质的表达变化,进而从形态学角度探讨PEA3与出生后大脑皮质发育的关系。方法分别取正常鼠龄分别为1、5、10、20、30、40d昆明小鼠各5只,断头处死,迅速取出大脑,冠状面分别切取额叶、颞叶、顶叶所在部位1cm厚的组织块。常规固定、脱水、石蜡包埋,连续切片,免疫组织化学SABC方法研究PEA3的表达。结果本实验观察到PEA3免疫反应阳性光密度平均值在出生后1、5、10、20d额叶、颞叶及顶叶皮质中分别保持在一定水平（P〉0．05）,在30d时下降,40d略升高但仍低于1、5、10、20d组水平。结论PEA3在出生后大脑皮质发育过程中起作用,其中在20d以前作用可能较为重要;PEA3在大脑皮质不同部位表达变化情况具有差异性。     

Findings of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram recordings and serum vitamin B6 metabolites in perinatal lethal hypophosphatasia during enzyme replacement therapy

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare disorder caused by low serum tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity due to hypomorphic mutations in the ALPL gene. HPP is characterized by defective bone mineralization. It frequently accompanies pyridoxine-responsive seizures. Because alkaline phosphatase change pyridoxal 5′ phosphate (PLP) into pyridoxal (PL), which can cross the blood brain barrier and regulates inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid. The female patient was born at a gestational age of 37 weeks 2 days. She presented severe respiratory disorder due to extreme thoracic hypoplasia. With the extremely low serum ALP value (14 IU/L), she was clinically diagnosed as HPP. The diagnosis was confirmed with genetic testing. On day1, the subclinical seizures were detected by aEEG. Together with enzyme replacement therapy by asfotase alfa, pyridoxine hydrochloride was administered, then the seizures were rapidly controlled. While confirming that there was no seizure by aEEG monitoring, pyridoxine hydrochloride was gradually discontinued after 1 month. Before administration of pyridoxine hydrochloride, PL was extremely low (4.7 nM) and PLP was increased (1083 nM). After the withdrawal, PL was increased to 84.9 nM only by enzyme replacement. Monitoring with aEEG enabled early intervention for pyridoxine responsive seizures. Confirming increased serum PL concentration is a prudent step in determining when to reduce or discontinue pyridoxine hydrochloride during enzyme replacement therapy.     

Peri-resuscitation echocardiography: Training the novice practitioner

Aims

Echocardiography performed in an ALS-compliant manner provides a tool whereby some of the potentially reversible causes of cardiac arrest can be diagnosed in real time by minimally trained practitioners. One of the major concerns this raises is how to deliver effective training to the required standard. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of number of different educational methods used teach echocardiography to novices. This involved assessment of cognitive, psychomotor skills and affective aspects in five key areas.

Methods

The study population was a convenience sample from participants attending standardised structured one-day training courses in peri-resuscitation echocardiography (n = 204). Subjects were assessed for five learning outcomes including knowledge and image interpretation, practical performance of echocardiography including time taken to obtain a diagnostic view, integration into the ALS algorithm and overall compliance with established resuscitation guidelines.

Results

There was a significant improvement in knowledge and interpretation of echocardiographic images before and after completion of the one-day course (pre 62%, post 78%, p < 0.01). Skills acquisition resulted in 100% of participants being able to obtain a subcostal view of diagnostic quality by the end of the course, and 86% with a mean time to acquisition of <10 s. On completion of the training programme, incorporation of echocardiography into current resuscitation practice did not compromise ALS-compliance.

Conclusion

Novice echocardiographers can obtain knowledge and skills relevant to ALS-compliant peri-resuscitation echocardiography using a range of educational techniques. In addition to the standard one-day training courses available, continued mentored practice and didactic adherence to ALS algorithms is required.     

Epigalocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) downregulates PEA15 and thereby augments TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in malignant glioma

EGCG is a flavonoid that exhibited therapeutic activity in cancer. In this study three glioblastoma cell lines (U87, A172 and U251) were treated with EGCG, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) or the combination of both. Treatment with subtoxic doses of EGCG in combination with TRAIL induces rapid apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant glioma cells, suggesting that this combined treatment may offer an attractive strategy for treating gliomas. EGCG treatment down-regulated phosphoprotein-enriched in astrocytes (PEA15) through an Akt (PKB)-dependent mechanism. In addition, over-expression of PEA15 attenuated cytotoxicity induced by the combination of EGCG and TRAIL. In summary, PEA15 is a key regulator in TRAIL-EGCG-mediated cell death in malignant glioma.