The Association Among Overweight,Obesity, and Low Back Pain in U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2015 National Health Interview Survey

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between obesity (via body mass index [BMI]) and presence of low back pain (LBP) in a representative sample of US adults, aged ≥18 years.

A Review: Associations Between Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder,Physical Activity,Medication Use,Eating Behaviors and Obesity in Children and Adolescents

In the past few years we have become increasingly aware of strong associations between obesity and ADHD. Both conditions are major public health issues, affecting children, adolescents and adults alike.

成都市区超重与肥胖人群现状调查——7288例分析

目的　了解生活方式变化对超重与肥胖的相关因素及现状 .方法　采用整群抽样 ,对成都市区有代表性人群 72 88例进行社会经济状况 ,体重指数 (BMI=体重kg/身高m2 ) ,血压及某些危险因素综合调查 .结果　本组BMI平均 2 2 4 4(男 2 2 86 ,女 2 1 95) ,正常BMI( 18 5～ 2 3 9)占人群 57 96 % ,BMI≥ 2 4及BMI≥ 2 8(超重及肥胖者 )达 30 56 %和 5 96 % ,男性 30岁后女性 4 0岁后即接近峰值 ,70岁以后稍降低 ,危险因素水平 (血压 ,血糖 ,TC ,TG等 )及心血管病事件均随BMT增加 ,BMI与多种危险因素明显相关 .结论　近年来BMI明显增加 ,而BMI与多种危险因素密切相关 ,应采取切实有效措施防治人群体重进一步增长     

Is birth weight associated with pregestational maternal BMI? BRISA Cohort,Ribeirão Preto,Brazil

Given the increase of women with excess weight or obesity and its possible effects on birth weight, the present study aimed to investigate the association between pregestational maternal body mass index (BMI) and birth weight in a birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. This was a prospective study conducted on 1362 mother-child pairs involving singleton births. The women were evaluated using standardized questionnaires during the second trimester of pregnancy and at the time of childbirth. Information about the newborns was obtained from their medical records. The dependent variable was birth weight, categorized as low, adequate, or high. The independent variable was pregestational maternal BMI, categorized as malnutrition, adequate weight, overweight, and obesity. A multinomial regression model was used to estimate the crude and adjusted relative risk (RR) of low and high birth weight. A high frequency of pregestational excess weight (39.6%) was detected and found to be independently associated with high birth weight (RR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.19-3.80 for overweight and RR=3.34, 95%CI: 1.80-6.19 for obese pregnant women). There was no association between pregestational malnutrition and low birth weight (RR=1.70; 95%CI: 0.81-3.55). The present data showed a high rate of women with excess pregestational weight, supporting the hypothesis that pregestational BMI may contribute to high birth weight babies and indicating the need for actions aiming to prevent excessive weight in women at reproductive age.     

Screening for hypertension in young people with obesity: Feasibility in the real life

Background and aimScreening for pediatric hypertension (HTN) is based on several measurements of blood pressure (BP) in different visits. We aimed to assess its feasibility in outpatient youths with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) in terms of adherence to two-repeated measurements of BP and to show the features of youths who missed the follow-up and the predictive role of clinical and/or anamnestic features on confirmed HTN.Methods and resultsSix hundred, eighty-eight youths (9–17 years) with OW/OB, consecutively recruited, underwent a first measurement of BP. Those exhibiting BP levels within the hypertensive range were invited to repeat a second measurement within 1–2 weeks. Confirmed HTN was diagnosed when BP in the hypertensive range was confirmed at the second measurement. At entry, 174 youths (25.1%) were classified as hypertensive. At the second visit, 66 youths (37.9%) were lost to follow-up. In the remaining 108 participants, HTN was confirmed in 59, so that the prevalence of confirmed HTN was 9.5% in the overall sample; it was higher in adolescents than children (15.9% vs 6.8%, P = 0.001). HTN at first visit showed the best sensitivity (100%) and a good specificity (91%) for confirmed HTN. The association of HTN at first visit plus familial HTN showed high specificity (98%) and positive predictive value of 70%.ConclusionThe high drop-out rate confirms the real difficulty to obtain a complete diagnostic follow up in the obese population. Information about family history of HTN may assist pediatricians in identifying those children who are at higher risk of confirmed HTN.     

利拉鲁肽治疗血糖控制不佳超重2型糖尿病的疗效

目的 观察利拉鲁肽治疗血糖控制不佳超重2型糖尿病( T2DM)患者的临床效果. 方法 40例口服降糖药物联合胰岛素治疗后血糖控制不佳的超重T2DM患者,在原治疗方案不变的基础上加用利拉鲁肽注射液,连用12周. 观察治疗前、治疗后4周和12周空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹C肽、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、体重指数(BMI)、血脂的变化情况. 结果 治疗后FPG、2hPG、空腹C肽、HbA1c、BMI较治疗前均明显下降(P<0.05),随着时间的增加,上述各指标均逐渐降低(P<0.05);治疗前后患者总胆固醇、高密度胆固醇、低密度胆固醇、甘油三酯、脂联素、瘦素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).40 例患者平均HbA1c、体重由治疗前的8.6%、74.4 kg,下降至治疗12周后的7.6%、71.1 kg,分别减少了1.0%、3.3 kg. HbA1c下降幅度与患者治疗前HbA1c水平呈正相关(P<0.05),与患者既往使用胰岛素呈负相关(P<0.05),与其他指标无明显相关性(P>0.05). 治疗期间无低血糖、无胰腺炎及不良免疫反应等发生. 结论 利拉鲁肽对血糖控制不佳超重2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的治疗效果好,可明显降低体重,改善血糖.