Evaluation of the effect of caloric restriction on serum BDNF in overweight and obese subjects: preliminary evidences

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a new element related with insulin resistance and obesity. Objective To evaluate the effect of a 3-month reduced-calorie diet (RCD) on serum BDNF concentrations in overweight and obese subjects. Subjects Seventeen healthy overweight and obese subjects of both sexes (24–48 years, BMI 34.6 ± 1.1 kg/m²). Methods Anthropometry, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), lipid levels, and serum BDNF were measured at baseline and at the end of the third month. Reduced-calorie diet was defined as a 25% reduction in energy intake composed of: 55% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 25% fat (less than 10% saturated fat and over 10% nonsaturated fat). Refined sugar was not allowed. Results There was a significant decrease in BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, fasting glucose, post-OGTT glucose levels, area under the curve of glucose, and HOMA2-IR after 3 months of RCD. Serum BDNF showed a significant increase (3.97 ± 0.87 to 6.75 ± 1.62 ng/ml, P = 0.02). Final serum BDNF correlated negatively with weight (r = −0.51, P = 0.03), and basal post-OGTT insulin correlated positively with final serum BDNF (r = 0.48, P = 0.04). Conclusions Serum BDNF increases in insulin-resistant overweight and obese subjects after three months on a RCD. This observation could indicate that BDNF may be modulated in humans through diet composition.     

Predictive Values of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference for Risk Factors of Certain Related Diseases in Chinese Adults - Study on Optimal Cut-off Points of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Chinese Adults

The body mass index of Chinese population is lower than that of the Westerncountries, however, the trends of mean body mass index and prevalence of overweight inadults have increased significantly in recent 15 years[1]. Overweight and obesity areclosely r…     

中年男性超重者与体重正常者的血压、血脂、血糖、血尿酸的差异及减重对策

目的探讨高收入中年男性超重者与体重正常者的血压、血脂、血糖、血尿酸的差异,为中年男性超重者提供减重的护理对策。方法对2004年3月~2005年4月在解放军总医院特需门诊查体的254例35~50岁男性患者询问病史,根据BMI分为2组,BMI 25.0~29.9 kg/m2为超重组(n=127),BMI 18.5~24.9 kg/m2为正常组(n=127)。结果超重组的血压、血脂、血糖、血尿酸均高于正常组,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论对超重的中年男性,必须采取相应的减重对策,减轻体重,预防肥胖相关的疾病发生。     

成年人体重指数、脂肪分布、脂肪含量的监测及分析

目的调查成人超重、肥胖的发生率，探讨体重指数（BMI）、体脂百分比（PBF）、腰臀比（WHR）与超重、肥胖之间的关系。方法对111名成人用InBody3．0人体成分分析仪随机进行人体成分测试，分析他们体重指数、体脂分布、体脂百分比情况。结果男女超重率63．06％，肥胖率19．82％。男女腰臀比及体脂肪比率超标分别占70．27％、72．07％。不同BMI和不同年龄的男性和女性腰臀比都有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。不同BMI男性体脂百分比有显著差异（P〈0．05），女性有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。不同年龄男性和女性体脂百分比有差异（P〈0．05）。结论体重指数的增加主要是脂肪增加造成的，而体内的脂肪又主要堆积在腹部。超重、肥胖情况较严重、体脂分布不合理、体内脂肪含量过高需引起重视，应采取各种措施以减少由超重带来的一系列问题。     

The impact of short-term hyperglycemia and obesity on biventricular and biatrial myocardial function assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography in a population of women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Background and aimsTo compare biventricular and biatrial myocardial strain indices assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those with uncomplicated pregnancy at the third trimester of pregnancy and in post-partum.Methods and results30 consecutive GDM women and 30 age-, ethnicity- and gestational week-matched controls without any comorbidity were examined in this prospective case–control study. All women underwent obstetric visit, blood tests and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) implemented with 2D-STE analysis of all cardiac chambers at 36–38 weeks’ gestation. TTE and 2D-STE were repeated at 6–10 weeks after delivery.At 36–38 weeks’ gestation, GDM women, compared to controls, had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), blood pressure values and inflammatory markers. TTE showed increased left ventricular (LV) mass and impaired LV diastolic function in GDM women, whereas there was no significant difference between the groups in ejection fraction. 2D-STE revealed that biventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) and biatrial reservoir strain indices were significantly lower in GDM women than controls. Third trimester BMI was inversely correlated with LV-GLS (r = ?0.86) and was independently associated with reduced LV-GLS (less negative than ?20%) in GDM women in post-partum (OR 1.81, 95%CI 1.14–2.89). A BMI value ≥ 30 kg/m² had 100% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity for identifying GDM women with impaired LV-GLS in post-partum (AUC = 0.97).ConclusionWomen with GDM, compared to women with uncomplicated pregnancy, have significantly lower biventricular and biatrial myocardial deformation indices. These abnormalities may be persistent in post-partum in GDM women with obesity.     

丽水城镇机关干部人群血糖水平监测研究

目的：研究城镇社区机关干部人群的血糖水平及变化趋势。方法：采用健康体检方法连续调查丽水市机关干部人群的血糖水平及相关因素．并进行统计分析。结果：自1999年以来连续三年机关干部人群血糖水平快速上升．男性高于女性；男性人群高血糖现患率从l999年的3．54％快速上升至2001年的9．69％水平．此后二年维持在高现患率状态．并且发现高血糖人群有78％伴有超重、血脂紊乱或高血压等心脑血管病危险因素个体集聚现象。结论：在心、脑血管病社区防治工作中应将机关干部作为重点防治人群加以综合干预。     

超重人群血清网膜素-1水平的变化及其影响因素

目的 探讨超重人群血清网膜素-1水平的变化及其影响因素.方法 选择超重组29例,正常体重组21例,检测腰围（WC）、血糖、血脂、血清网膜素-1、脂联素及瘦素水平,计算腰臀比（WHR）、体重指数（BMI）、脂联素与瘦素的比值,并分析网膜素-1与各指标之间的关系.结果 与正常体重组相比,超重组血清网膜素-1、脂联素水平及脂联素/瘦素的比值明显降低,而瘦素水平升高（P均〈0.05）.相关性分析显示,血清网膜素-1水平与WC（r=-0.27,P〈0.05）、BMI（r=-0.36,P〈0.05）呈显著负相关,与脂联素呈显著正相关（r=0.29,P〈0.05）.结论 超重人群血清网膜素-1水平降低,血清网膜素-1可能在肥胖的发生发展中起一定的作用.