氟对小鼠成骨细胞增殖与分化及骨保护蛋白和核因子κβ受体活化因子配体mRNA 表达的影响

目的 观察氟对体外培养的小鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化、骨保护蛋白(OPG)mRNA及核因子κβ受体活化因子配体(RANKL)mRNA表达的影响.方法 取出生1～2 d昆明小鼠颅盖骨,分离成骨细胞后进行传代培养.按培养液中加入不同浓度氟化钠(NaF)将成骨细胞分为0(对照)、10-8、10-7、10-6、10-5、10-4、10-3 mol/L组,分别在培养72 h或120 h后检测氟对成骨细胞增殖、分化(碱性磷酸酶,ALP)的影响;提取成骨细胞总mRNA,采用RT-PCR方法分析成骨细胞OPG mRNA、RANKL mRNA表达,并进行半定量分析.组间比较采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用LSD-t检验.结果 培养72 h后,成骨细胞增殖组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=13.806,P<0.05);与对照组(0.434±0.010)比较,10-7～10-4mol/L组成骨细胞增殖明显增加(0.448±0.010、0.453±0.013、0.454±0.016、0.449±0.018,P均<0.05),10-3 mol/L组成骨细胞增殖降低(0.401±0.009,P<0.05).成骨细胞ALP活性组问比较差异有统计学意义(F=9.021,P<0.05);其中10-7～10-5 mol/L组[(2.447±0.756)×106、(2.603±0.183)×106、(2.687±0.886)×106 U/L]ALP活性明显高于对照组[(1.677±0.682)×106U/L,P<0.05或<0.01];10-4mol/L组[(1.479±0.366)×106 U/L]ALP活性明显低于对照组(P<0.05).OPG mRNA表达组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=11.299,P<0.05);与对照组(11000±0.000)比较,10-7～10-4 mol/L组表达增强(1.058±0.027、1.053 ±0.026、1.088±0.055、1.069±0.008,P<0.05或<0.01),10-3mol/L组表达降低(0.941±0.029,P<0.05).成骨细胞RANKL mRNA表达组间比较差异无统计学意义(F=1.311,P>0.05).RANKL mRNA/OPG mRNA比值,在104～10-5mol/L组逐渐降低,10-4、10-3mol/L组升高,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(F=1.376,P>0.05).结论 氟对小鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化呈双向调节作用,表现为低剂量刺激而高剂量抑制.低剂量染氟可能通过增加成骨细胞OPG的表达来抑制破骨细胞的分化和成熟,抑制骨吸收;而高剂量可能通过降低OPG的表达来促进破骨细胞的分化、成熟,促进骨吸收.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium fluoride(NaF) on proliferation, differentiation and the mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand (RAN KL) of mouse osteoblasts. Methods Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarias of Kunming mice born in 1 - 2 d and cultured. Various concentrations of NaF(0, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3mol/L) were added to the culture medium, the proliferation and activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was determined after 72 h or 120 h. The expression of OPG mRNA and RANKL mRNA was analyzed by semi-quantification RT-PCR. Difference among groups was analyzed by One-Way AN0VA. Difference between two groups was analyzed by LSD-t test. Results There was significant difference in cell proliferation among groups after 72 h(F = 13.806, P < 0.05). Compared with control group(0.434 ± 0.010) , the proliferation was significantly induced in 10-7 - 10-4 mol/L groups treated osteoblasts (0.448 ± 0.010, 0.453 ± 0.013, 0.454 ± 0.016, 0.449 ± 0.018, all P< 0.05), and was significantly suppressed in 10-3 mol/L group(0.401 ± 0.009, P < 0.05). There was statistic difference in the activity of ALP among groups(F = 9.021, P < 0.05). Compared with control group (1.677 ± 0.682), the activity of ALP significantly increased in 10-7 - 10-5 mol/L groups[ (2.447 ± 0.756) × 106, (2603 ± 0.183) × 106, (2.687 ± 0.886) × 106 U/L, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 ] and significantly decreased in 10-4 mol/L group[ (1.479 ± 0.366) × 106 U/L, P < 0.05 ]. There was significant difference in the expression of OPG mRNA among groups(F = 11.299, P< 0.05). Compared with control group (1.000 ± 0.000), the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased in 10-7 - 10-4 mol/L groups( 1.058 ± 0.027, 1.053 ± 0.026, 1.088 ± 0.055, 1.069 ± 0.008, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) , while significantly decreased in 10-3 mol/L group (0.941 ± 0.029, P< 0.05). There was no difference in RANKL mRNA expression among groups (F= 1.311, P> 0.05). The ratio of RANKL/OPG decreased with increasing doses of fluoride and increased in 10-4, 10-3 mol/L groups, but there was no difference between groups(F = 1.376, P> 0.05). Conclusions A biphasic pattern of proliferation and differentiation has been induced in mouse osteoblasts, which manifests stimulation effect in low doses and suppression in higher doses. Low doses of sodium fluoride suppress differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts by increasing expression of OPG mRNA, while high doses of sodium fluoride enhance differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts by decreasing expression of OPG mRNA.     

血清骨保护素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系研究

目的探讨血清骨保护素与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系。方法对70例因胸痛入院的患者均行冠状动脉造影检查,按结果分为正常对照组、单支、双支、多支病变四组,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清骨保护素,同时收集患者的一般临床资料及相应生化指标,并进行多因素Logistic回归等分析。结果与对照组相比,冠状动脉有病变患者血清骨保护素水平明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);血清骨保护素水平随冠状动脉病变支数增加明显升高,冠状动脉病变支数越多,血清骨保护素水平升高越明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多元回归分析示:骨保护素与血管病变支数独立正相关(P<0.001),Logistic分析示:骨保护素与冠心病独立正相关(OR1.011,95%CI1.006～1.016,P<0.001)。骨保护素与Gensini评分正相关(r=0.623,P<0.001)。结论血清骨保护素水平与冠状动脉疾病的发生、进展及严重程度有直接关系。     

破骨细胞骨吸收的分子机制

破骨细胞性骨吸收是在骨的微环境内进行的复杂分子生物学反应过程,涉及到众多蛋白质和调控因子的参与。有关破骨细胞的活化,骨基质的吸收,骨吸收的调控等方面,现有的数据还不够充分。本文综述了金属基质蛋白酶(M atrix m eta lloprote inases,MM P s)在破骨细胞移行和骨基质吸收方面的重要作用,以及破骨细胞分化因子(R eceptor activator of NF-κB-ligand,RANKL)和护骨素(O steoprotegerin,OPG)在骨吸收调控网络中的地位。     

自拟补肾活血颗粒对去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠的治疗作用

目的:观察自拟补肾活血颗粒(MBHG)对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的治疗作用。方法:雌性SD大鼠,随机取10只作为假手术组(sham组),其余大鼠制备去卵巢骨质疏松症,随机分为:模型(model)组;补肾活血颗粒高(200 mg/kg)、中(100 mg/kg)、低(50 mg/kg)剂量组;阳性对照组(戊酸雌二醇组)。每组10只,连续灌胃给药12周。观察大鼠骨小梁形态,测量骨小梁的面积、厚度、间距及面积百分数,全自动分析仪检测血清中钙、磷和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量,测量大鼠骨密度(BMD),ELISA法检测血清雌激素(E2)、骨钙素(BGP)、骨保护素(OPG)、核因子κB受体活化因子(RANK)和核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)水平。结果:与模型组比较,各给药组骨小梁显著变宽,数目增多,网状结构有部分恢复。各给药组骨小梁厚度、骨小梁面积和骨小梁面积百分数均大于模型组,骨小梁间距均小于模型组(P0.05)。各给药组血清中钙、磷、E2、OPG以及股骨BMD水平均显著高于模型组,ALP、BGP、RANK和RANKL水平均显著低于模型组(P0.01)。结论:自拟补肾活血颗粒对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症有显著的治疗作用。作用机制可能与上调OPG、抑制RANKL分泌有关。     

OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统是调节破骨细胞及骨质疏松症的重要途径

背景：OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统在破骨细胞对于骨吸收机制中的重要作用。 目的：归纳总结OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统在破骨细胞、骨质疏松症中的表达,以及OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统靶向治疗的前瞻性。 方法：在国内外期刊数据库中检索近10年内国内外文献,按关键词：骨保护素,RANKL,RANK,破骨细胞,骨质疏松症;OPG,osteoclast,osteoporosis,检索相关文献,筛选出符合纳入标准的文献,对文献进行质量评估后采纳。 结果与结论：OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统以及相关联的信号途径是介导破骨细胞发育、成熟的重要信号途径,并且是导致骨质疏松症的机制,在基因及分子水平上,靶向治疗骨质疏松症已成为人们的关注点。基于OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统靶向可成为治疗为骨质疏松症的研究提供平台,OPG-RANKL-RANK信号系统是调控破骨细胞及骨质疏松症的重要途径。  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

内毒素刺激对体外培养人牙龈成纤维细胞表达OPG和RANKL的影响

目的:检测内毒素(LPS)刺激后,体外培养人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGFs)表达骨保护素(OPG)和核因子-kB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)的变化,探讨其对牙槽骨吸收的影响.方法:组织块法培养正常HGFs并鉴定来源,以5 μg/ml LPS刺激第4 代细胞,在0、6、12、24、48 h各时间点用免疫细胞化学方法检测OPG...     

流体剪切力对MC3T3-E1细胞OPG、RANKL蛋白表达的实验研究

目的探讨流体剪切力(fluid shear stress,FSS)作用下,两种调节骨骼重建的重要分子骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)和细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of NF-κB ligand,RANKL)的蛋白表达情况。方法采用体外模型对MC3T3-E1细胞加载流体剪切力,细胞经不同时间加力后(0,30,60,90,120min),对细胞分别进行染色和裂解,运用免疫荧光和蛋白印迹法对OPG和RANKL的蛋白表达水平进行定量分析。结果 FSS作用30,60,90,120min后能够显著增加OPG的蛋白表达(P0.05),减少RANKL的蛋白表达(P0.05)。两者共同作用使得OPG/RANKL值显著增高(P0.05)。结论流体剪切力刺激提示OPG/RANKL的比值可能在成骨细胞和破骨细胞联合调节骨骼形成和吸收的过程中起着重要的调节作用。     

RANKL,a necessary chance for clinical application to osteoporosis and cancer-related bone diseases

Osteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by reduced bone and increased risk of fracture. In postmenopausal women, osteoporosis results from bone loss attributable to estrogen deficiency. Osteoclast differentiation and activation is mediated by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), its receptor receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), and a decoy receptor for RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG). The OPG/RANKL/RANK system plays a pivotal role in osteoclast biology. Currently, a fully human anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody named denosumab is being clinically used for the treatment of osteoporosis and cancer-related bone disorders. This review describes recent advances in RANKL-related research, a story from bench to bedside. First, the discovery of the key factors, OPG/RANKL/RANK, revealed the molecular mechanism of osteoclastogenesis. Second, we established three animal models: (1) a novel and rapid bone loss model by administration of glutathione-S transferase-RANKL fusion protein to mice; (2) a novel mouse model of hypercalcemia with anorexia by overexpression of soluble RANKL using an adenovirus vector; and (3) a novel mouse model of osteopetrosis by administration of a denosumab-like anti-mouse RANKL neutralizing monoclonal antibody. Lastly, anti-human RANKL monoclonal antibody has been successfully applied to the treatment of osteoporosis and cancer-related bone disorders in many countries. This is a real example of applying basic science to clinical practice.