医学影像信息系统辅助全膝置换前计划中的作用与意义

BACKGROUND: In clinical application, Picture Archiving and Communication System gradually replaces the traditional preoperative planning mode of acetate template measurement on film, which can accurately obtain the parameters needed in the operation of total knee arthroplasty.     

基于生物学优化肿瘤放射治疗计划的评估函数研究

目的：从生物学优化肿瘤放射治疗计划的角度来提出可用于评估放射治疗方案可行性的评估函数。方法：在以细胞受到照射后的再修复、再群体化、细胞周期的再分布、肿瘤内乏氧细胞的再氧合,即＂4R理论＂[1]的基础上,分析生物效应剂量函数BED的变种公式,最后得出3个用于评估肿瘤放疗计划好坏的评估函数。再利用评估函数试验性的分析文献报道过的肿瘤放射治疗方案,并与对应的方案结果进行比对,理论上评价评估函数的可行性。结果：综合分析已有治疗方案参数与评估函数理论参数基本一致。结论：基于生物学优化肿瘤放射治疗计划的评估函数在临床上用来预判治疗方案是可行的。     

Empowerment Through Mentorship and Leadership

Leadership is vital to future growth and change in the dental hygiene profession.Background and PurposeAs health care reform emerges, state practice acts expand and new models of dental hygiene practice are created and implemented, dental hygienists will assume leadership positions that may be quite different from the more traditional leadership roles they assume today. These dental hygienist leaders will envision, creatively design and implement oral health care programs to improve the oral health of the public. Mentoring, a vital component of leadership development, is critical for dental hygienists to acquire knowledge, guidance, and growth.MethodsThis paper provides a literature-supported overview of leadership and mentoring principles applicable to dental hygienists in their personal and professional lives. Opportunities for dental hygienists to assume leadership roles are also described.ConclusionsDental hygienists are poised to become leaders and vital members of the professional team promoting and integrating oral health care as a part of general health. Consequently, the dental hygienist's leadership roles are likely to expand and can be strengthened through mentoring relationships and mentoring teams. Ultimately, this can increase professional growth and career satisfaction for the dental hygienist as well as improve oral health care for the public.     

2004—2008年浙江省台州市麻疹报告病例流行特征

目的了解台州市2004-2008年的麻疹流行特征，为制定更科学的防控措施提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法描述麻疹流行状况。结果2004-2008年，该市麻疹报告病例数分别为426例、1 734例、189例、677例、2 121例，年报告发病率分别为8.27/10万、33.65/10万、3.67/10万、13.14/10万、41.16/10万，无死亡病例报告；流动人口麻疹病例数分别为208例、484例、75例、278例、607例。2005年开展“消除麻疹专项强化免疫活动”，2006年麻疹发病率最低，为3.67/10万。发病高峰月份为每年的3～5月份。在麻疹高发的2008年，病例年龄集中在2岁以下儿童和10～40岁人群；无免疫史和免疫史不详者占84.82％（1 799/2 121）。结论开展强化免疫活动,可明显控制麻疹发病率；应继续加强<2岁和10～40岁人群的常规免疫及其查漏补种工作。     

Use of a low-literacy written action plan to improve parent understanding of pediatric asthma management: A randomized controlled study

Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine whether parents who use a low-literacy, pictogram- and photograph-based written asthma action plan (WAAP) have a better understanding of child asthma management compared to parents using a standard plan. Methods: A randomized controlled study was carried out in 2 urban pediatric outpatient clinics. Inclusion criteria were English- and Spanish-speaking parents of 2- to 12-year-old asthmatic children. Parents were randomized to receive a low-literacy or standard asthma action plan (American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology) for a hypothetical patient on controller and rescue medications. A structured questionnaire was used to assess whether there was an error in knowledge of (1) medications to give everyday and when sick, (2) need for spacer use, and (3) appropriate emergency response to give albuterol and seek medical help. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, adjusting for parent age, health literacy (Newest Vital Sign); child asthma severity, medications; and site. Results: 217 parents were randomized (109 intervention and 108 control). Parents who received the low-literacy plan were (1) less likely to make an error in knowledge of medications to take everyday and when sick compared to parents who received the standard plan (63.0 vs. 77.3%, p = 0.03; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.5[95% confidence interval: 0.2–0.9]) and (2) less likely to make an error regarding spacer use (14.0 vs. 51.1%, p < 0.001; AOR = 0.1 [0.06–0.3]). No difference in error in appropriate emergency response was seen (43.1 vs. 48.1%, p = 0.5). Conclusions: Use of a low-literacy WAAP was associated with better parent understanding of asthma management. Further study is needed to assess whether the use of this action plan improves child asthma outcomes.     

中国门诊2型糖尿病患者口服药降糖达标状况调查及格列齐特缓释片优化治疗效果分析

Objective To evaluate the current state of glycemie control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have received oral antidiabetic agents in the out-patient clinic,and the efficacy and safety of optimized regiments of gliclazide modified-release tablets (Diamicron MR, SERVIER, Tianjin) in patients with failed glycemic control (HbA1c 6.5%). Methods The patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled from 54 hospitals in more than 20 cities and received long-term (more than 3 months) oral antidiabetic agents. HbA1c was measured and the success rate of HbA1c reduction was evaluated. The patients who failed to achieve glycemic control (HbA1c 6. 5%) and received daily multiple-dosing insulin secretagogues were provided with the optimized treatment regimen, consisting of replacing daily multiple-dosing insulin secretagogues with single-dosing gliclazide sustained-release tablets. Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated after three months treatment. Results The survey of glycemic control revealed that the mean HbA1c of 5 586 patients with diabetes mellitus was (7.97±2.89)% ,and the success rate (HbA1c≤6.5%) was 14. 1%. Further more, HbA1c decreased from (8.23±4.00)% before optimization to (6.86±2.24)% after optimization with the average decrement of 1.37% (P<0. 001) and the success rate was raised to 34. 1%. The gliclazide modified-release tablets were well tolerated by most patients, only 2.6% of whom were reported to experience unconfirmed hypoglycemia. Conclusion The success rate of glycemic control was low in Chinese out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving oral antidiabetic agents in the clinic. The optimized regimen of gliclazide modified-release tablets taken once daily can down-regulate glycemic levels and increase the success rate of HbA1c reduction,and thus plays efficiently and safely a key role in the optimized management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.     

论医科院校准确定位与科学发展——以蚌埠医学院为例

对大学准确的目标定位是办好大学的基础，定位决定了大学的规格和模式，也决定了大学发展的方向和目标。大学在选择目标定位时既要根据经济和社会发展的需求，又要根据自身的历史和现实条件；既要量力而行，实事求是，又应寻找特色，大胆突破。文章以蚌埠医学院为例，讨论了医学院校准确定位与科学发展的关系。     

计划管理在双向执行反馈体系中的应用

作为双向执行反馈体系的基础,计划管理通过建立"计划—分解—执行—督办—考核—反馈"的持续循环机制,有效地将领导决策层层分解落实,为绩效管理提供了考核依据,保证了双向执行反馈体系的运作到位。