从科技期刊出版源头推进开放科学运动——TOP Factor的产生及影响

【目的】 研究以开放透明为导向的新一代期刊评价体系TOP Factor的来源及应用,为我国科技期刊界参与并推动开放科学运动提供参考。【方法】 利用网络调研法、文献调研法及数据分析法,探究TOP Factor的产生背景及340余种期刊的得分情况。【结果】 TOP Factor的产生主要归因于学术界已认识到影响因子评价体系存在漏洞,需要建立一套可以客观反映期刊发表内容质量,提高研究透明度和再现性的严谨、透明的期刊评价体系。TOP Factor共有10项指标,每项指标分为0~3分4个等级,目前已进行评估的期刊中心理学领域的期刊得分较高。【结论】 开放透明已成为今后学术出版的大趋势,TOP Factor是从出版源头推进开放科学,随着其在促进数据开放共享、提高学术成果可重复性方面的优势逐渐突显,使用TOP Factor的期刊和出版商将会越来越多。我国科技期刊应重视这一趋势并积极制定与开放科学相关的期刊政策,努力打造开放透明的学术生态。     

巴西SciELO平台国际化发展策略及启示

【目的】 分析母语非英语国家科技期刊出版策略,为国内期刊国际化发展提供借鉴。【方法】 以巴西SciELO平台为例,通过文献调研、平台调研、双语期刊案例调研等方法剖析巴西期刊出版策略。【结果】 作为国际上首个开放出版平台,SciELO平台更多是面向本国期刊质量提升与评估优化、数字化出版、出版语种平衡及国际影响力提升需要而提出的发展策略。【结论】 SciELO平台本身就是一种国际化策略,发挥了“造船出海“的功能,对整体提升巴西期刊国际影响力具有非常重要的作用,其数字出版平台的牵引作用和语种的平衡发展方式值得我国借鉴。     

Laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repair: Should it be the preferred technique?

Inguinal hernias are amongst the most common conditions requiring general surgical intervention. For decades, the preferred approach was the open repair. As laparoscopy became more popular and available and more surgeons became familiarized with this modality, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair became an alternative. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic inguinal repair, with a focus on bilateral inguinal hernias. Initial reports have shown promising clinical outcomes compared to those of conventional repair of bilateral hernias. However, there are only a few studies concerning laparoscopic repair of bilateral hernias. It is yet to be proven that laparoscopy is the “gold standard” in the treatment of bilateral inguinal hernias. So far, the choice of an inguinal hernia repair technique has been up to each surgeon, depending on their expertise and available resources after taking into consideration each patient’s needs.     

胸骨下部Y形小切口在心内直视手术中的应用

目的报告Y形胸骨下部小切口心内直视手术经验。方法采用胸骨下部正中劈开,至胸骨角下方2cm处向左上、右上方剪开胸骨,使切口成Y形,行心内直视手术26例,其中房间隔缺损8例,室间隔缺损6例,法乐四联症7例,部分房室管畸形1例,二尖瓣狭窄和(或)关闭不全4例。结果全部恢复良好,无手术并发症。全组平均体外循环时间(85±45.4)min,主动脉阻断(39.4±30.6)min,手术时间(180.5±51.1)min,术后平均呼吸机辅助呼吸(6.1±5.6)h,术后第1天平均心包纵隔引流量(150±71)ml,平均输血量268.5ml.术后住院时间(9.7±1.5)d。结论Y形胸骨下部小切口心内直视手术创伤小,显露好,术后恢复快。具安全性及较好的美容效果。     

外固定器治疗小腿下段开放性骨折

目的：探讨外固定器对小腿下段开放性骨折的疗效。方法：12例患者经整复骨折后,在骨折断端各贯穿2枚3.5mm骨圆针,旋紧连接杆螺母使骨折面昆密接触,然后根据伤口具体情况关闭伤口。3周后功能锻炼。X线复查证实骨折达到或接近临床愈合时拆除外固定器,改用小夹板保护至骨折完全愈合。结果：10例达到临床愈合。2例6个月后达到临床愈合。结论：骨外固定器在小腿下段开放性骨折治疗中,既固定了骨折,又不干扰创口愈合,优于切开复位内固定、骨牵引或石膏固定等传统方法。     

¿Puede la cirugía mínimamente invasiva resultar en sitios inusuales de metástasis?

ObjectiveTo compare sites of metastasis for the laparoscopic (LRC) and open (ORC) approaches in a cohort of patients at a district general hospital. Morbidity and mortality for the two approaches are assessed using secondary outcomes of length of stay and complication rate. Metastasis rate and site are compared.MethodsA retrospective case note review was carried out for all patients who underwent cystectomy for bladder malignancy at Pinderfields General Hospital, Wakefield between 2010 and 2016 (n = 219). There were 150 males and 69 females in 107 minimally invasive cases and 87 open (missing data on 25 cases). Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel XLSTAT.ResultsRecurrence rate was 25.1% and did not differ significantly with approach (p = 0.89). Sites of recurrence did not differ with operative approach, the most frequent being pelvis, chest and bone. Unusual sites of recurrence included abdominal wall and sigmoid colon which both occurred in LRC. Length of stay was greater for the open approach (median LRC = 10, ORC = 13, p < 0.01). Five-year survival was 74.9%. Survival distribution did not significantly differ with operative approach (p = 0.43), and there was no significant association between operative approach and patient death within the follow-up period (p = 0.09). Stricture rate was 4.1% and was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.29). Median time to stricture was 130 days. Clavien-Dindo scores for complications did not differ with approach (p = 0.93), and there was no significant association between operative approach and whether complications developed (p = 0.19).ConclusionsThe adverse oncological outcomes in minimally invasive approaches suggested by some studies are not confirmed here. Those in the LRC group were discharged sooner, though this did not translate into differences in morbidity or survival. Analysis of the association between individual complications and length of stay may clarify this further. Shorter hospital stay is also likely to have significant financial implications.Despite no significant difference in outcomes, the findings demonstrate potential benefits of LRC. Extensions of this study could include: cost-benefit analysis, examination of individual complications’ effect on length of stay; and analysis of approach-specific factors contributing to perioperative deaths.     

Neglected medial swivel dislocation of talonavicular joint with calcaneus,cuboid and 5th metatarsal fractures – A case report

Talonavicular dislocation is a rare injury. Isolated medial or lateral talonavicular dislocations without disruption of subtalar joint are known as medial or lateral swivel dislocations respectively, both being extremely rare. We describe a rare case of neglected medial swivel dislocation with concomitant calcaneus, cuboid and 5th metatarsal fracture, which was managed with open reduction and fixation of talonavicular joint with k-wires and an external distractor. At 1 year follow up the patient was mobilizing full weight bearing without any pain or deformity, the radiographs showing well located talonavicular joint and healed calcaneus, cuboid and 5th metatarsal fractures. This is the first reported case of medial swivel talonavicular dislocation with associated calcaneum, cuboid and 5th metatarsal fracture to the best of our knowledge. This case report highlights the importance of maintaining high level of suspicion for diagnosing midfoot injuries in a polytraumatized patient as well as need of accurate and timely reduction of dislocation for good functional outcome.Level of clinical evidenceLevel 4.     

Change in granulation tissue coverage and bacteriological load using Low Cost Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in acute musculoskeletal wounds

BackgroundLow cost Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) dressings have been considered as an alternative to traditional daily dressings. There is scanty literature evaluating the change in the percentage area of wound covered by granulation tissue following application of low-cost NPWT. The change in the bacteriological flora following application of low-cost NPWT devices has also not been evaluated.MethodsPatients above the age of 18 years with acute musculoskeletal injuries of <3 weeks duration which underwent a surgical debridement and required subsequent wound coverage were included in the study. Area of the wound and the area covered by the granulation tissue as well as the bacteriological count were measured before and after application of NPWT. A low cost NPWT using wall mounted vacuum device was put on the patient giving a constant negative pressure of 125 mm of Hg for 2 days. The findings before and after application of NPWT were compared and analyzed using Wilcoxin Signed-rank test.Results21 patients with mean age of 35.52±15.075 were included. The pre-NPWT granulation tissue area ranged from 122 mm² to 8483 mm² with a mean of 1648.38 mm² (SD = 1933.866). The post-NPWT granulation tissue area ranged from 234 mm² to 7847 mm² with a mean of 2364.48 mm² (SD = 1857.716). The mean increase in granulation tissue was 716.1 mm².The pre-NPWT wound area ranged from 422 mm² to 10847 mm² with a mean of 4009.62 mm² (SD = 3026.209). The post-NPWT wound area ranged from 326 mm² to 9143 mm² with a mean of 3410.33 mm² (SD = 2636.206). The mean reduction in wound size was 599.29 mm².The pre-NPWT bacteriological count ranged from 3000/ml to 130000000/ml with a mean of 12616761.90/ml (SD = 29664589.37). The post-NPWT bacteriological count ranged from 1000/ml to 380000000/ml with a mean of 26401523.81/ml. The mean increase in bacteriological count was 13784761.91/ml.ConclusionThere was a statistically significant decrease in wound size (p = 0.001) and statistically significant increase in percentage area of granulation tissue coverage (p = 0.000) following low cost NPWT application. However there was no statistically significant increase in bacteriological clearance in these patients.     

High Velocity Gunshot Fractures of Humerus: Results of Primary Plate Osteosynthesis

BackgroundHigh velocity gunshot fractures usually seen in conflict zones, often mandate external fixation due to delayed presentation and associated contamination. In the presented observational study, we managed high velocity gunshot fractures of humerus with adequate debridement and primary plate osteosynthesis under controlled conditions with gratifying results.Material and MethodsEighteen consecutive cases of fracture of the humerus secondary to high velocity gunshot wounds with ages ranging from 28 to 45 years reporting within 6 h of the initial injury formed our study group. Immediate debridement, lavage and primary plate osteosynthesis was carried out following hemodynamic stabilisation and intravenous antibiotics. All the cases were followed up at 2, 4, 6 months, 1 year and then annual follow-up including telephonic follow-up for six patients.ResultsFifteen cases of Gustillo Anderson type III A, two of type III B and one of type III C were managed with primary plate osteosynthesis. Brachial artery injury was addressed immediately, however injured radial nerve ends were tagged. Five cases showed delayed/non-union and were managed with decortication and autologous bone grafting. Two cases of deep infection could be managed with implant retention till union. The implants were removed following fracture consolidation. All the fractures united and no patient was left with sequelae of chronic infection.ConclusionTimely presentation of high velocity gunshot fractures of humerus teamed up with adequate debridement, soft tissue management and primary plate osteosynthesis can offer satisfactory outcomes. Associated vascular injury needs immediate attention. Nerve injuries can be addressed in a staged procedure. Our results have been satisfactory and add to the scant literature available on the subject, however further studies are warranted.