切开复位内固定术治疗 Pilo n骨折的手术时机选择

目的：探讨切开复位内固定术治疗Pilon骨折的手术时机选择,寻找最佳手术时间。方法：选择2008年5月－2012年6月的55例Pilon骨折患者作为研究对象,将其分为A组27例和B组28例,A组患者于伤后3～7d给予切开复位内固定术,B组分步延期,在伤后7～21 d待软组织肿胀消退后再进行切开复位内固定术。观察两组创面与骨折的愈合状况,并对踝关节功能进行评估。结果：A组愈合平均时间为（18．7±3．1）周,并发症方面为切口裂开和浅表感染各3例;固定物外露和骨髓炎各1例;踝关节功能评价方面11例优,9例良,7例差。B组平均骨折愈合时间为（15．4±2．4）周;只有2例患者发生浅表感染;踝关节功能评价16例优,9例良,3例差。两组患者在骨折愈合时间、伤口愈合情况和踝关节功能恢复情况方面差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：Pilon骨折手术时机的选择对手术效果具有关键的影响,分步延期手术可以缩短骨折愈合进程,改善愈合效果,促进踝关节功能的进一步康复,应加强临床中的推广力度。     

经尿道前列腺汽化和开放手术对老年前列腺增生患者性功能的影响

目的 评价经尿道前列腺汽化(TUVP)和开放性手术对老年前列腺增生(BPH)患者术后性功能的影响。方法 分别统计TUVP组(52例)、耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除组(SPP组，46例)和耻骨后保留尿道前列腺切除组(Madigan组，32例)术后6、12个月勃起障碍与逆行射精的发生率。结果 术后6个月勃起障碍的发生率：TUVP组、SPP组、Madigan组分别为13．4％(7例)、15．2％(7例)、12．5％(4例)，术后12个月分别为11．5％(6例)、15．2％(7例)、12．5％(4例)；术后6、12个月逆行射精的发生率3组分别为46．2％(24例)、39．1％(18例)、9．3％(3例)。结论 TUVP与传统开放性手术SPP及Madigan手术对勃起障碍及性活动的影响不明显，但逆行射精的发生率较Madign手术组高，提示TUVP对术后射精功能有较大影响。     

Study of Efficacy and the Comparison Between 2.0?mm Locking Plating System and 2.0?mm Standard Plating System in Mandibular Fractures

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and comparison between 2.0 mm locking plate system and 2.0 mm Champy’s titanium mini plating system in mandible fractures.

Materials and Methods

A total of 20 patients with mandibular fractures were selected and divided into two groups A and B on randomized basis. Group A was treated with open reduction internal fixation using 2.0 mm locking plates and group B with 2.0 mm Champy’s titanium miniplates. All patients were followed up for 12 weeks postoperatively.

Results

Results of the study show less screw loosening, less precision in plate adaptation and less alteration of the osseous or occlusal relationship upon screw tightening in group A. Chi square test was applied to compare the results between the two groups. Statistical analysis did not show significant difference of incidence of malocclusion between the two groups (p value = 0.606). Statistical analysis using un-paired t test showed significant difference of working time between the two groups (p value = 0.00296). When comparing the overall complication rates according to plates used, the χ² test showed no statistically significant difference between the locking and nonlocking plates (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

It is observed in our study that the locking plate/screw system offers significant advantages over the conventional plating system. The precise adaptation required for using conventional plates is not needed when this locking plate/screw system is used. Locking plate/screw system provides better stability than the conventional plate/screw system.     

骨折治疗仪结合外固定支架治疗开放性骨折临床分析

目的:分析探讨骨折治疗仪结合外固定支架治疗开放性骨折的临床疗效,为治疗方法的合理选择提供科学依据。方法:将我院2010年2月至2014年6月间收治的骨折患者89例随机分为两组,实验组和对照组。其中对照组45例予以清创、复位、固定以及康复锻炼等骨折常规治疗,实验组44例在常规治疗的基础上加用骨折治疗仪结合外固定支架治疗,比较两组患者间总优良率、住院时间、外固定拆除时间、功能康复时间的差异。结果:实验组总优良率为95.45%,高于对照组82.22%,两组间差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.01);同时实验组患者住院时间、外固定拆除时间、功能康复时间较对照组均明显降低,两组间差异同样具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:骨折治疗仪结合外固定支架治疗开放性骨折疗效显著,能显著节约治疗时间,帮助患者及早康复,值得临床推广。     

A Reliable,Low-Cost Picture Archiving and Communications System for Small and Medium Veterinary Practices Built Using Open-Source Technology

Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS) are the most needed system in a modern hospital. As an integral part of the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard, they are charged with the responsibility for secure storage and accessibility of the diagnostic imaging data. These machines need to offer high performance, stability, and security while proving reliable and ergonomic in the day-to-day and long-term storage and retrieval of the data they safeguard. This paper reports the experience of the authors in developing and installing a compact and low-cost solution based on open-source technologies in the Veterinary Teaching Hospital for the University of Torino, Italy, during the course of the summer of 2012. The PACS server was built on low-cost x86-based hardware and uses an open source operating system derived from Oracle OpenSolaris (Oracle Corporation, Redwood City, CA, USA) to host the DCM4CHEE PACS DICOM server (DCM4CHEE, http://www.dcm4che.org). This solution features very high data security and an ergonomic interface to provide easy access to a large amount of imaging data. The system has been in active use for almost 2 years now and has proven to be a scalable, cost-effective solution for practices ranging from small to very large, where the use of different hardware combinations allows scaling to the different deployments, while the use of paravirtualization allows increased security and easy migrations and upgrades.     

不同整形技术治疗儿童唇裂鼻畸形的临床效果

目的探讨不同整形技术治疗儿童唇裂鼻畸形的临床效果。方法本院自1994年1月至2011年1月期间对本院133例单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形患者分为自行设计的鼻翼软骨环状结构修复及整体旋转复位治疗组（A组）36例、开放式唇裂鼻畸形整形术治疗组（B组）47例、新生儿唇裂修复组（C组）28例以及早期唇裂鼻畸形整形术组（D组）22例,对比分析不同手术方法的临床疗效。结果术后对4组患者随访24个月,A组优良率为94．44％,B组优良率为97．87％,C组优良率为96．43％、D组优良率为95．45％,各组优良率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。4组治疗前鼻翼外侧脚及鼻孔纵径至中线距离术前健侧及患侧相比均存在明显的差异（P〈0．05）,矫正后各组健侧与患侧相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。随访2年各组患者术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论鼻翼软骨环状复合结构修复使鼻尖、鼻翼及鼻底形态都有所改善,开放式唇裂继发鼻畸形整形术是目前较彻底的鼻翼软骨整形术,新生儿唇裂修复安全有效。唇裂修复早期的鼻整形有望改善鼻形态发育。     

Costs of laparoscopic and open liver and pancreatic resection: A systematic review

AIM: To study costs of laparoscopic and open liver and pancreatic resections, all the compiled data from available observational studies were systematically reviewed.METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases to identify all studies published up to 2013 that compared laparoscopic and open liver [laparoscopic hepatic resection (LLR) vs open liver resection (OLR)] and pancreatic [laparoscopic pancreatic resection (LPR) vs open pancreatic resection] resection. The last search was conducted on October 30, 2013.RESULTS: Four studies reported that LLR was associated with lower ward stay cost than OLR (2972 USD vs 5291 USD). The costs related to equipment (3345 USD vs 2207 USD) and theatre (14538 vs 11406) were reported higher for LLR. The total cost was lower in patients managed by LLR (19269 USD) compared to OLR (23419 USD). Four studies reported that LPR was associated with lower ward stay cost than OLR (6755 vs 9826 USD). The costs related to equipment (2496 USD vs 1630 USD) and theatre (5563 vs 4444) were reported higher for LPR. The total cost was lower in the LPR (8825 USD) compared to OLR (13380 USD).CONCLUSION: This systematic review support the economic advantage of laparoscopic over open approach to liver and pancreatic resection.     

切开复位与闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折效果观察

目的 对比分析切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定与闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折的效果。方法 选取2015年1月至2018年6月收治的78例股骨干骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,对照组给予切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,比较手术情况、骨折愈合时间、术前及术后6个月HSS评分、术后12个月膝关节功能评价、并发症发生情况、术后12个月综合疗效。结果 观察组术中出血量(165.78±29.34)mL较对照组(451.26±30.02)mL显著减少,骨折愈合时间为(19.36±5.24)周较对照组(31.33±4.48)周显著缩短,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组手术时间无统计学差异(P＞0.05),术前两组HSS评分无统计学差异(P＞0.05),术后两组HSS评分均显著提高,且观察组HSS评分提高更显著(P＜0.05),观察组并发症发生率为5.13%较对照组23.08%显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),术后12个月观察组、对照组综合疗效、膝关节功能优良率分别为94.87%vs87.18%、94.87%vs89.74%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定与闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折疗效相当,但是闭合复位可减轻对患者创伤,缩短骨折愈合时间,降低术后并发症的发生率,促进膝关节功能的恢复,值得在临床上推广。