Thalidomide protects endothelial cells from doxorubicin-induced apoptosis but alters cell morphology

Summary.  Antiangiogenesis agents are now being used in clinical trials to reduce the risk of recurrence of cancer. Several of these agents, however, are associated with thrombosis, especially when used in combination with chemotherapy. Antiangiogenesis and thrombosis are both endothelial-related activities, and we therefore evaluated one presumed antiangiogenesis agent (thalidomide) on intact cultured endothelial cells, and on cultured endothelial cells injured by preincubation with doxorubicin. We evaluated cell viability, caspase-3 activation, morphology of cells using light microscopy, and protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-l) expression. In our experiments, doxorubicin induced a dose- and incubation time-dependent and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis of endothelial cells. Thalidomide alone caused no changes in intact endothelial cells in terms of morphology, cell viability or activation of caspase-3. In contrast, when thalidomide was added to doxorubicin-injured endothelial cells, there was protection from cell death, increase in viability of endothelial cells, induction of differentiation and formation of neotubules. Doxorubicin reduced the expression of thrombin receptor, PAR-1, as evaluated by immunostaining and flow cytometry. Thalidomide did not alter PAR-1 expression in untreated cells but restored its expression reduced by doxorubicin. These findings suggest that thalidomide may be procoagulant, not by enhancing doxorubicin-mediated endothelial cell injury, but by altering the expression of PAR-1 on injured endothelium and resulting in endothelial dysfunction, which may explain hypercoagulability in patients treated with chemotherapy followed by thalidomide.     

勃起功能障碍与血管内皮功能关系的研究进展

血管内皮功能在阴茎勃起过程中扮演了十分重要的角色,血管内皮功能障碍是ED的病理基础之一。测量肱动脉血流介导的血管扩张功能是目前血管内皮功能主要的评估方法。改善血管内皮功能的治疗能改善阴茎勃起功能。ED是心血管疾病的先兆,及早发现ED并给予适当治疗,在改善生活质量的同时有助于降低未来心血管疾病的风险。     

急性脑梗死诱发全身炎症反应综合征致多器官功能障碍综合征的临床研究

目的　探讨急性脑梗死 (ACI)诱发全身炎症反应综合征 (SIRS)致多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的发病机制 ,以及血清肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF α)、白细胞介素 (IL 1) β含量变化在ACI诱发SIRS发生、发展并向MODS转化的临床意义。方法　 6 8例ACI患者根据病情变化分为 3组 ,其中单纯性ACI(SACI组 ) 36例 ,ACI致SIRS(SIRS组 ) 32例 ,ACI致SIRS后发展为MODS(MODS组 ) 2 4例 ;应用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA法 )分别测定患者不同病程中血清TNF α、IL 1β值 ,并与对照组 (为 2 8名同期健康体检者 )比较。 结果　 (1) 6 8例ACI中 4 7.0 6 %发生SIRS;SIRS时 75 %发生MODS。 (2 )血清TNF α、IL 1β的含量MODS 组 >SIRS组 >SACI组 >对照组 ,各组间比较 ,差异具有极显著性 (均P <0 0 1)。MODS重症者 (积分≥ 9分 )血清TNF α、IL 1β含量高于轻症者 (积分 <9分 ) (均P <0 0 1) ;MODS死亡者血清TNF α、IL 1β含量高于存活者 (均 P <0 0 1)。结论　 (1)ACI后出现SIRS可导致MODS的发生。 (2 )患者血清TNF α、IL 1β水平异常变化可作为判断ACI致SIRS、MODS病情进展、预后及转归的一项指标     

他达拉非在阴茎勃起功能障碍中的疗效评价

他达拉非是一种口服治疗勃起功能障碍的PDE-5抑制剂药物,其作用时间可以维持到服用药物后36h,具有良好的有效性和安全性,并且可以改善由其它疾病导致的勃起功能障碍,本文对他达拉非治疗阴茎勃起功能障碍的疗效进行综述。     

神经内镜辅助眶上锁孔入路治疗巨大嗅沟脑膜瘤

目的探讨神经内镜辅助眶上锁孔入路治疗巨大嗅沟脑膜瘤的手术效果及手术技巧。方法采用内镜辅助、眶上锁孔入路（显微手术）治疗12例巨大（≥7cm）嗅沟脑膜瘤。结果肿瘤全切除9例（SimpsonⅠ级切除5例，Ⅱ级切除4例），次全切除（SimpsonⅢ级切除）3例。无手术死亡。10例随访3个月～2年，平均14个月。9例恢复正常生活，1例生活能自理。NRI随访9例，肿瘤无复发。结论利用神经内镜辅助及显微外科技术，采用眶上锁孔入路、对肿瘤进行分块切除治疗巨大嗅沟脑膜瘤，手术创伤小，疗效满意。     

胰岛素对糖尿病大鼠阴茎内nNOS神经纤维的影响

目的探讨糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍（ED）的发病机制及胰岛素的治疗作用。方法注射链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病（DM）大鼠模型，胰岛素治疗组于成模后注射胰岛素。7周和12周后注射阿扑吗啡（APO）进行大鼠阴茎勃起功能实验，取大鼠阴茎和血浆，用ABC免疫组织化学法观察nNOS神经纤维的变化。测定血浆NOS活性。结果（1）与对照组相比，DM组大鼠阴茎勃起次数明显减少;胰岛素治疗后症状缓解;（2）与对照组相比，DM组血浆NOS活性明显增高;DM组血浆NOS活性与病程延长呈负相关;与DM组比较，胰岛素治疗组血浆NOS活性明显降低;（3）与对照组相比，DM组阴茎内nNOS阳性神经纤维明显减少;与DM组比较，胰岛素治疗组nNOS阳性神经纤维表达增加。结论糖尿病性ED阴茎内nNOS阳性纤维的数量及光密度随DM病程的延长而下降;早期给予胰岛素治疗可预防糖尿病大鼠ED的出现及阴茎内nNOS含量的下降。     

对急性冠状动脉综合征的新认识和治疗对策

近几年来，由于基础实验研究的迅速发展，对急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)的认识和治疗取得了重大进展。作者就ACS分子生物学和细胞学基础、不稳定斑块的治疗对策、ACS的危险分层及治疗方法作一综述。     

急性下壁心肌梗死时缓慢性窦房结功能紊乱的临床表现与治疗

目的：讨论急性下壁心肌梗死患者缓慢性窦房结功能紊乱的发生率。临床意义及转归。方法：对260例急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床状况及心电图进行连续观察分析。结果：发生缓慢性窦房结功能紊乱者共50例。其中窦性心动过缓36例（13.85%,36/260)，窦房阻滞8例（3.08%,8/260)。窦性静止6例（2.31%,6/260)。结论：急性下壁心肌梗死患者缓慢性窦房结功能紊乱发生率较高，且多标志病情较严重。     

正大维他和维伦滴眼液治疗眼表疾病的疗效

干眼和眼表疾病为眼科最常见疾病。本文报告包括干眼症在内的各种眼表疾病６８例１００眼，应用正大维他和维伦滴眼液治疗，获得良好的疗效。在这些滴眼液内含有玻璃酸钠粘多糖类粘性增强剂，可延长药液在角膜前表面的仪时间和增强药效。在治疗中未出现任何副作用。     

The development of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells and the appearance of laminin-like immunoreactivity in fetal olfactory bulb transplants

Embryonic rat olfactory bulbs were transplanted into the site vacated by aspiration of an olfactory bulb from a neonatal rat. This paper presents our findings related to the development of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive (+ve) glial cells and the appearance of laminin-like immunoreactivity in these transplants. The GFAP + ve glial cells formed perivascular end-feet on the invading vasculature and formed a glia limitans along the glia surface of the transplant. This reconstituted glia limitans was continuous with that of the host brain, there being no glia limitans at the donor-host interface. Thus, the donor tissue was well-integrated with that of the host brain.