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31.
老年人健康行为与心理健康关系的调查 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的探讨老年人的健康行为与心理健康之间的关系。方法采用候玉波等编制的健康行为量表和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对300名老年人进行测试,并进行相关分析。结果不同年龄和文化程度老年人在健康行为与心理健康方面有显著性差异(P〈0.05);参与活动与心理健康水平呈显著正相关(P〈0.05);心理应激、不良生活习惯与心理健康呈显著负相关(P〈0.05)。结论积极参与各项活动、减少各种心理应激和建立良好的生活习惯有利于提高老年人的心理健康水平。 相似文献
32.
Hal Kendig 《Geriatrics & Gerontology International》2004,4(S1):S6-S11
Aim: This paper presents social science understandings of successful aging for a broad audience in multidisciplinary gerontology in Asia–Oceania.
Methods: The international literature on social science aspects of successful aging is reviewed with a focus on Asia and social improvement.
Results: New positive approaches to aging research are identifying opportunities for maintaining capacities and well-being over the life course. Successful aging, productive aging, and active aging are key concepts. Increasing life expectancy and fertility control are major social achievements that underpin population aging as the mainstream social transformation facing the world. Asia will be at the forefront of this change and the consequences will vary greatly between cultures, nations, and subgroups within them. Older people generally maintain good quality of life and the capacity to 'age well' is influenced by life-long maturation and emotional, social, and economic resources. Good health can be enhanced through positive actions such as physical activity, good nutrition, and not smoking. Mental capacities can also be improved and maintained throughout old age. In advanced old age, the 'fourth age', the focus turns to ameliorating the effects of loss and to maintaining dignity.
Conclusions: The social sciences contribute knowledge useful for improving life experiences for older people and aging societies. Population aging is central to national economic development. Public policy and individual action concerning aging can benefit all age groups. To better inform these developments it is important to address the serious shortfall of social science research on aging in the Asia–Oceania region. 相似文献
Methods: The international literature on social science aspects of successful aging is reviewed with a focus on Asia and social improvement.
Results: New positive approaches to aging research are identifying opportunities for maintaining capacities and well-being over the life course. Successful aging, productive aging, and active aging are key concepts. Increasing life expectancy and fertility control are major social achievements that underpin population aging as the mainstream social transformation facing the world. Asia will be at the forefront of this change and the consequences will vary greatly between cultures, nations, and subgroups within them. Older people generally maintain good quality of life and the capacity to 'age well' is influenced by life-long maturation and emotional, social, and economic resources. Good health can be enhanced through positive actions such as physical activity, good nutrition, and not smoking. Mental capacities can also be improved and maintained throughout old age. In advanced old age, the 'fourth age', the focus turns to ameliorating the effects of loss and to maintaining dignity.
Conclusions: The social sciences contribute knowledge useful for improving life experiences for older people and aging societies. Population aging is central to national economic development. Public policy and individual action concerning aging can benefit all age groups. To better inform these developments it is important to address the serious shortfall of social science research on aging in the Asia–Oceania region. 相似文献
33.
陈惟蒨 《中华创伤骨科杂志》2007,9(9):808-809
目的探讨老年人股骨颈骨折的治疗及围手术期的处理。方法回顾性分析2003年1月~2006年12月手术治疗的201例老年股骨颈骨折患者资料,其中男51例,女150例,年龄60~98岁,平均78.2岁。按Garden分型,Ⅱ型20例,Ⅲ型86例,Ⅳ型95例。采用多枚中空螺钉固定、Morre型人工股骨头置换术或双极人工股骨头置换手术进行治疗。结果本组患者平均住院10~14d,5~7d即能早期下床活动,住院期间及术后1年内无一例死亡。85%患者获得8个月~4年(平均2年)的随访,功能恢复按Harris评分,优良率为85%。结论老年人各脏器机能衰退,多同时合并各种内科疾病,手术治疗存在风险,但老年人股骨颈骨折的手术治疗仍能取得满意疗效。 相似文献
34.
In the evolution of humans, many kinds of mutations in the human genome have been accumulated, providing credible genetic evidence for the study of human origins and migrations. The "out-of-Africa" hypothesis of modern human evolution and the genetic origin of the Japanese has come about by studying mitochondrial DNA.l,2 Recently, researchers have recognized the power of Y-chromosome markers in resolving migratory patterns of modern humans as more and more Y-chromosome single nucleotide polymorphism markers have been found. The markers on the nonrecombinant part of the Y-chromosome allows for the reconstruction of intact haplotypes which are probably the best genetic tools to study human migrations. We can analyze the paternal history of some people in different areas by Y-chromosome haplotypes. 相似文献
35.
Danan Gu Matthew E. Dupre David F. Warner Yi Zeng 《Social science & medicine (1982)》2009,68(12):2170-2179
Numerous studies document improvements in health status and health expectancies among older adults over time. However, most evidence is from developed nations and gender differences in health trends are often inconsistent. It remains unknown whether changes in health in developing countries resemble Western trends or whether patterns of health improvement are unique to the country's epidemiologic transition and gender norms. Using two nationally representative samples of non-institutionalized adults in China aged 65 years and older, this study investigates gender differences in the improvements in disability, chronic disease prevalence, and self-rated health from 1992 to 2002. Results from multivariate logistic regression models show that all three indicators of health improved over the 10-year period, with the largest improvement in self-rated health. With the exception of disability, the health of women improved more than men. Using Sullivan's decomposition methods, we also show that active life expectancy, disease-free life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy increased over this decade and were patterned differently according to gender. Overall, the findings demonstrate that China experienced broad health improvements during its early stages of the epidemiologic transition and that these changes were not uniform by gender. We discuss the public health implications of the findings in the context of China's rapidly aging population. 相似文献
36.
目的:观察舒降之(辛伐他汀)20mg每日一次降脂的临床疗效。方法:选35例老年高脂血症患者接受舒降之20mg,每日1次(晚上顿服)治疗,疗程8周。观察治疗前后血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。结果:治疗8周后,血清TC、TG、LDL-C较入组前分别降低了29.20%、24.75%、32.87%(均P〈0.01),其中,降低TC的总有效率为93.54%、降低TG的总有效率为59.26%。HDL-C较入组前升高了14.12%(P〈0.01),升高HDL-C的总有效率为54.54%。结论:舒降之20mg,每日1次服用,安全有效,对改善老年人高脂血症有显著疗效。 相似文献
37.
中老年人膳食和体液免疫水平的调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作者调查了161例(男:98,女:63)中老年人的营养素摄入量、血浆蛋白及体液免疫水平。结果:该人群的大部分人热能的摄入量达RDA值;膳食蛋白质、维生素A、B2、C、锌和铁的摄入量较低;脂肪摄入量按热能比高于30%者约占30%;血浆总蛋白、球蛋白水平较低,尤其是女性;免疫球蛋白IgA偏低,IgG和IgM偏高。 相似文献
38.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among non-communicable diseases are already a major public health challenge worldwide. A further increase in CVD is projected to occur over the next 25 years as a result of both adverse lifestyle changes and demographic shifts in the population age profile. The adverse impact of these health problems will affect women in particular, given the steady rise in the proportion of the aging population that will be women.The critical issue presently in the management of CVD is that we are not even adequately using the data that are available. Women still remain unaware that they are at risk, and information about women is not easily accessible to their physicians. This is a global issue and the need remains for worldwide initiatives with greater vigilance to identify these factors and make efforts to control them effectively.Currently, in scientific research, it is expected that the results of clinical research be analyzed for sex differences, sex- and gender-appropriateness, and sex- and gender-specific approaches for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and counseling. To address the care discrepancy, the global community needs to develop a conducive environment within a comprehensive policy and operational framework to achieve favorable lifestyles, and CVD risk factor reduction for both men and women. 相似文献
39.
40.
目的探讨50岁以上正常人左室舒张期脉冲多普勒频谱的参数变化情况。方法选择一年半时间内受检的所有50岁以上正常人475例,按每10岁为一组分4组进行分析。受检者取左侧卧位,常规显示心尖四腔心切面,取样容积置于二尖瓣尖,使声束与二尖瓣血流方向夹角<15°,以连续三个心动周期的平均值分别测量E峰、A峰、E/A及E峰减速时间并统计。结果发现E峰高于正常值低限的例数、平均E峰血流速度以及E/A均随着年龄的增加而下降,E峰减速时间则随着增龄而增加。结论左室舒张期血流频谱的所有参数与年龄有显著的相关性,明显随着增龄而变化,并且有其规律性。 相似文献