Growth in a context of cultural marginality: North American nurse educators in Japan

BACKGROUND: Concepts of marginality and partnership emerged from a questionnaire completed by 12 North American nurse educators working long term in Japan. METHODS: To study individual perceptions regarding current professional and personal experiences, including language competency, roles and responsibilities in a different culture, contributions made, and management of daily living. Respondents also made recommendations to others who accepted similar assignments. RESULTS: The data revealed growth accomplished and challenges encountered as a result of marginal status in the Japanese context with varying levels of socio-cultural adaptation.     

Twelve-hour shift on ITU: a nursing evaluation

This paper describes the introduction and subsequent evaluation of a 12-h shift system in a large ITU in the northeast of UK. To date, only a small number of studies has evaluated nurses working the 12-h shifts in critical care areas. To evaluate the level of staff satisfaction, data were collected by means of a questionnaire involving 41 nurses, at 3 months following the introduction of the 12-h shifts. The responses from the evaluation advocated the continuation of 12-h shifts with alternative shift patterns for nurses who felt dissatisfied with the current system. Twelve-hour shifts can be seen as a flexible system for nurses working in intensive care and may assist with staff satisfaction and improving nurse recruitment and retention.     

Reproductive cloning and human health: an ethical, international, and nursing perspective

Human reproductive cloning came to the public's attention when Dolly, a sheep, was cloned in Scotland in 1997. This news quickly spread around the world causing both excitement at the possibilities that cloning techniques could offer, as well as apprehension about the ethical, social and legal implications should human reproductive cloning become possible. Many international organizations, such as the World Health Organization, the International Council of Nurses, and governments were concerned about the impact of human reproductive cloning on human health, dignity and human rights. To this end, many institutions have drafted resolutions, protocols and position statements outlining their concerns. This paper will outline some of the major ethical issues surrounding human reproductive cloning, the position of various international organizations and governments, and specifically the position of the International Council of Nurses.     

PDCA循环管理在护理文书质控中的应用

目的探讨PDCA（计划、执行、检查、处理）循环管理在护理文书质控中的应用，并评价其实施效果。方法测评分析当前护理文书常见缺陷，确定根本原因，制定对策，执行对策，反馈与检控，总结处理，再优化。结果运用PDCA循环管理进行护理文书质控，护理文书记录缺陷明显降低，实施前后护理缺陷发生率的差异有高度显著性p〈0．01（χ^2=438．934）。结论PDCA循环管理是确保护理文书质量不断保持高水准的先进方法。     

眼底血管造影中荧光素钠的注射速度与副反应的分析及对策

目的分析荧光素钠的注射速度与发生副反应的相关性及其对策。方法将荧光素钠眼底血管造影的400例患者按先后时间分成两组，对照组200例按常规速度（3—5s内）静脉注射20％荧光素钠3ml观察组静脉注射速度为（8-10s）。结果观察组较对照组病例副反应的发生明显减少，并对副反应的发生进行了护理干预，两组无一例因荧光素钠的注射速度而影响检查结果。结论对于准备做荧光素钠眼底血管造影的患者，副反应的发生除了与性别、体重、空腹等有关外，延长静脉注射高浓度荧光素钠是降低副反应的主要措施。     

前列腺切除术后出血的预防及护理

前列腺切除术后出血是前列腺切除术后的主要并发症之一，处理不当，常可危及患者生命。作者介绍本院对此并发症采取的预防及护理措施，减轻了患者的痛苦，避免了危及生命的并发症，取得了良好的效果。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症68例临床观察与护理

目的探讨妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症（ICP）患者的特点与护理要求。方法对68例ICP患者进行临床观察、母婴监护、心理护理、饮食指导和用药指导。结果ICP患者易出现并发症，ICP患者的围生儿并发症多、耐受差，ICP患者及围生儿均需要周到护理。结论及早发现和治疗ICP患者，并给予细致护理，有利于提高围生儿成活率，减少产妇并发症。     

羊膜移植治疗角膜溃疡的护理

目的 探讨羊膜移植治疗角膜溃疡的护理。方法 对63例（63眼）不同病因性角膜溃疡患者行羊膜移植治疗，进行术前、术后护理和随访。结果 63例（63眼）角膜溃疡愈合，眼视力不同程度提高。结论 加强术前、术后护理是手术成功的保证。     

腹腔镜与传统开放性胆囊摘除术护理对照研究

目的探讨腹腔镜与传统开放性胆囊摘除术的护理方法,提高护理工作效率和质量。方法通过对腹腔镜和传统开放组的心理护理、术前指导和术后的常规护理,术后离床活动、肠道功能恢复、体力恢复、平均住院天数、创伤痛苦等方面工作做了统计学处理和对比分析。结果腹腔镜胆囊摘除术与传统开放性胆囊摘除术比较,优点显著。结论腹腔镜胆囊摘除术具有创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短等优点,提高了护理工作效率。