Surgical myectomy versus alcohol septal ablation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A propensity score–matched cohort

Objectives

In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract can be relieved by surgical septal myectomy or alcohol septal ablation, but uncertainty remains regarding long-term results and comparative effectiveness of alcohol septal ablation. This study aims to compare short- and long-term outcomes of the 2 procedures.

Simultaneous Endocardial and Epicardial Delineation of 3D Reentrant Ventricular Tachycardia

BackgroundMechanisms of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) are largely based on computational and animal models that portray a 2-dimensional view.ObjectivesThe authors sought to delineate the human VT circuit with a 3-dimensional perspective from recordings obtained by simultaneous endocardial and epicardial mapping.MethodsHigh-resolution mapping was performed during 97 procedures in 89 patients with structural heart disease. Circuits were characterized by systematic isochronal analysis to estimate the dimensions of the isthmus and extent of the exit region recorded on both myocardial surfaces.ResultsA total of 151 VT morphologies were mapped, of which 83 underwent simultaneous endocardial and epicardial mapping; 17% of circuits activated in a 2-dimensional plane, restricted to 1 myocardial surface. Three-dimensional activation patterns with nonuniform transmural propagation were observed in 61% of circuits with only 4% showing transmurally uniform activation, and 18% exhibiting focal activation patterns consistent with mid-myocardial reentry. The dimensions of the central isthmus were 17 mm (12 to 28 mm) × 10 mm (9 to 19 mm) with 55% exhibiting a minimal dimension of <1.5 cm. QRS activation was transmural in 63% and located 43 mm (34 to 52 mm) from the central isthmus. On the basis of 6 proposed definitions for epicardial VT, the prevalence of an epicardial circuit ranged from 21% to 80% in ischemic cardiomyopathy and 28% to 77% in nonischemic cardiomyopathy.ConclusionsA 2D perspective oversimplifies the electrophysiological circuit responsible for reentrant human VT and simultaneous endocardial and epicardial mapping facilitates inferences about mid-myocardial activation. Intricate activation patterns are frequently observed on both myocardial surfaces, and the epicardium is functionally involved in the majority of circuits. Human reentry may exist within isthmus dimensions smaller than 1 cm, whereas QRS activation is often transmural and remote from the critical isthmus target. A 3-dimensional perspective of the VT circuit may enhance the precision of ablative therapy and may support a greater role for adjunctive strategies and technology to address arrhythmogenic tissue harbored in the mid-myocardium and subepicardium.     

佛山市高明区2015—2018年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

目的：通过对比注射康柏西普后对非缺血型视网膜静脉阻塞患者视力的改善作用，评价康柏西普对本病的短期临床疗效、安全性及相关危险因素。方法：选取2016年12月至2017年12月从发现自觉症状到就诊的病程小于12个月的在我科就诊的病例，确诊为非缺血型视网膜静脉阻塞的患者（共43例），将所有研究对象根据病程长短，分为病程小于3个月组（A组）16例患者，病程3-6个月组（B组）13例患者，6-12 个月组（C组）14例患者。所有患者同时行玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普，三组均先注射1次，之后每1个月随访测定眼压、BCVA、CMT。结果：初诊视力与治疗后视力差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05）；初诊黄斑水肿高度与治疗后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05）；性别、年龄与视力预后疗效无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗前的眼压相比较，三组内的各随访点均没有统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普治疗本病疗效确切；病程长短对本病的治疗效果有较大影响，越早期治疗效果越佳。