脑梗死患者急性期外周血白细胞的变化及其意义

目的观察脑梗死急性期外周血白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比变化规律，分析这些变化的临床意义。方法将151例脑梗死患者按梗死面积大小分为大、中、小面积3组，按神经功能缺损程度评分分为轻型、中型、重型3组，分别统计其白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比并进行比较。结果大面积脑梗死组白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比显著增高（P〈0．01），重型脑梗死组白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比也显著增高（P〈0．01）。结论脑梗死急性期外周血白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比可作为病情轻重的评估指标。     

795例肠外营养支持的回顾性分析

目的:对795例患者的肠外营养支持进行回顾性分析.方法:对行肠外营养支持的399例患者进行治疗前后淋巴细胞计数、血浆白蛋白和血浆锌离子浓度等营养学指标的比较,并选择行肠外营养的患者198例与行单一静脉营养的患者198例进行营养学指标的比较,同时比较不良反应和依从性.另选择25例有单一静脉营养史患者25例,分为足量组13例和低氮组12例,分别按照1.0～1.5和0.6 g·kg-1·d-1逐渐在3 d内递增到1.0～1.5 g·kg-1·d-1给予氨基酸,其余营养支持相同, 进行营养学指标的比较.结果:与治疗前比较,行肠外营养支持后患者的白蛋白、淋巴细胞计数、锌离子浓度等均显著增加(P<0.05).与单一静脉营养相比较,行肠外营养患者的白蛋白、淋巴细胞计数、锌离子浓度等也均显著增加(P<0.05),同时不良反应和依从性较好.足量组与低氮组比较,白蛋白值显著增加,而淋巴细胞计数、锌离子浓度无显著性差异.结论:肠外营养支持可以显著改善营养不良.     

鼻窦炎口服液治疗家兔实验性上颌窦炎

目的探讨鼻窦炎口服液对家兔实验性急性化脓性上颌窦炎的疗效.方法采用改良后的Hinni造模法建立家兔急性化脓性上颌窦炎模型.予以鼻窦炎口服液高、低剂量灌胃治疗,并设立空白组、模型组、西药(青霉素Ⅴ钾灌胃)组作为对照.观察模型家兔血白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞(N)百分比、血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)浓度,光镜观察窦腔黏膜炎症情况及窦腔分泌物细菌培养.结果模型兔白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞(N)百分比增加,光镜下窦腔黏膜充血、水肿、纤毛脱落等.经鼻窦炎口服液低剂量治疗后,家兔白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞(N)百分比在正常范围,光镜下窦腔黏膜正常等,与青霉素Ⅴ钾相比,无显著性差异.鼻窦炎口服液高剂量治疗后,上述病理改变有明显改善.结论鼻窦炎口服液的临床治疗量可消除急性化脓性鼻窦炎家兔全身及局部的炎症反应.     

美英欧药典微生物限度标准的浅析

本文就USP,BP和EuP收载的微生物限度分类列表,并进行了系统的对比分析.前者品种项下的微生物限度分级有11级,是否必要?后者微生物限度分级有5级,更适用.指出ChP微生物限度存在的差距,为药典修订和发展提供依据.     

结缔组织病合并隐球菌脑膜炎的临床特点

目的：分析结缔组织病(connective tissue disease,CTD)合并隐球菌脑膜炎的临床特点及预后。方法：回顾 分析2000年1月至2017年1月期间中南大学湘雅医院风湿免疫科诊断的18例CTD合并隐球菌脑膜炎患者的临床资料。 结果：CTD合并隐球菌脑膜炎患者的常见症状为头痛、发热、恶心、呕吐,出现抽搐、意识障碍等严重临床表现的 患者均死亡。Logistic回归分析表明出现意识障碍、外周血淋巴细胞计数下降是造成CTD合并隐脑预后不良的相关因 素(P<0.05)。CTD合并隐球菌脑膜炎的病死率为61.11%,治疗有效率为38.89%。结论：CTD合并隐球菌脑膜炎患者死 亡风险高。出现意识障碍、外周血淋巴细胞计数降低与疾病预后不良相关。     

红细胞分布宽度与血小板计数比值对脓毒症患儿预后的预测价值

目的 探讨入住儿童重症监护室（PICU）第1天红细胞分布宽度（RDW）与血小板计数（PLT）比值（RPR）对脓毒症患儿预后的评估价值。方法 回顾性分析PICU中186例脓毒症患儿的临床资料。根据预后分为存活组（n=151）和死亡组（n=35）。比较两组临床资料,采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析患儿预后的影响因素,并绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,评估RPR对死亡的预测效果。根据最佳截断值,将患儿分为高RPR组和低RPR组,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析两组28 d生存率。结果 死亡组RDW、降钙素原、RPR高于存活组（P < 0.05）;死亡组PLT、白蛋白低于存活组（P < 0.05）。Cox回归模型分析显示,低白蛋白、高降钙素原、高RPR为脓毒症患儿预后的独立危险因素（P < 0.05）。ROC分析显示,RPR值对脓毒症患儿预后有预测价值（P < 0.05）,曲线下面积为0.937,最佳截断值为0.062,灵敏度为94.29%,特异度为77.48%。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析曲线显示,高RPR组28 d生存率低于低RPR组（P < 0.05）。结论 入住PICU第1天RPR值与脓毒症患儿预后密切相关,对脓毒症患儿的预后具有预测价值。     

Radioprotective effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) oil against hemopoietic damage and immunosuppression in gamma-irradiated rats

Background and aim:?Sixty male Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups, 15 each, were designed as I-control rats, II-rats orally intubated with Nigella sativa oil (1?ml/kg b.wt./day) for 5 days/week, III-whole body gamma irradiated rats with the estimated LD50/30 (4 Gray) and IV-rats daily intubated with Nigella sativa oil then subjected to whole body gamma irradiation, to investigate the radioprotective potential of Nigella crude oil against hemopoietic adverse effects of gamma irradiation.

Results:?Irradiation resulted in significant reduction in hemolysin antibodies titers and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction of irradiated rats, in addition to significant leukopenia and significant decrease in plasma total protein and globulin concentrations and depletion of lymphoid follicles of spleen and thymus gland. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration with a significant decrease in plasma glutathione peroxidase, catalase and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activities were recorded. Oral administration of Nigella sativa oil before irradiation considerably normalized all the above-mentioned criteria; and produced significant regeneration in spleen and thymus lymphoid follicles.

Conclusion:?Our results strongly recommend Nigella sativa oil as a promising natural radioprotective agent against immunosuppressive and oxidative effects of ionizing radiation.     

Raised expression of APRIL in Chinese patients with immune thrombocytopenia and its clinical implications

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated disorder in which destruction of platelets is accelerated by anti-platelet autoimmune antibodies. B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), essential factors for B cell survival are elevated in systemic autoimmune diseases and correlated with clinical findings. High expression of BAFF has been shown in patients with ITP, but the status of APRIL in ITP is still unknown.

Objective: To determine the expression of APRIL and it receptors, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and trans-membrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), in patients with ITP, and evaluate the correlation between plasma APRIL levels and platelet accounts or other clinical parameters.

Methods: Plasma samples from 57 patients with ITP, and 30 normal healthy subjects were assayed for APRIL plasma concentration by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the mRNA expression of APRIL and its receptors (BCMA and TACI) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) in 25 normal controls and 34 untreated ITP patients with active disease.

Results: The APRIL levels in the plasma samples from patients with ITP were significantly higher than those from healthy controls (p = 0.000). PBMNCs may be a source of the excess APRIL. Treated patients with normal platelet count have relatively normal plasma APRIL (p = 0.599). Plasma APRIL levels in active patients were significantly correlated with platelet counts (r = ? 0.387 and p = 0.024).

Conclusion: APRIL is over expressed in untreated active ITP patients and might be a pathogenic factor of this disorder.