屈光不正性弱视儿童白质结构变化的扩散张量成像(DTI)分析

目的 应用扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)技术和确定性追踪全脑分析法评估双眼屈光不正弱视儿童脑白质神经纤维结构的异常,并分析其与视力的相关性.方法 收集中南大学湘雅二医院眼科14例临床确诊双眼屈光不正性弱视患儿为试验组,14例正常儿童为对照组.所有儿童均采用磁共振成像系统进行扫描,行常规MRI检查、3DTlWI扫描,及平面回波序列(EPI)扫描得到扩散加权成像.运用确定性追踪法对所有DTI图像进行定量分析,将研究组部分各向异性(fractional anisotropy,FA)值、纤维束体积及纤维束数目显著改变的纤维束作为感兴趣区,与视力之间作相关性分析.结果 试验组相比对照组在右侧腹侧通路和背侧通路、右侧视辐射及胼胝体FA值下降,双侧腹侧通路和背侧通路、左侧视辐射、胼胝体体部纤维束体积相比对照组下降,右侧背侧通路纤维束数目相比对照组减少.FA值、纤维束数目和纤维束体积之间,FA值与视力的回归系数最大,纤维束数目和纤维束体积回归系数小,右侧视辐射、右侧腹侧通路及胼胝体体部的FA值与视力的相关系数分别为0.486、0.534和0.456,右侧腹侧通路FA值与视力的相关系数最大.结论 屈光不正性弱视患者双侧视辐射、双侧腹侧背侧通路及胼胝体体部白质纤维束结构均有异常,可导致屈光不正弱视患者物体识别、空间位置及运动识别能力减退.右侧腹侧通路FA值对视力的影响最大.     

中性粒细胞核右移幅度在紫杉醇化疗患者骨髓抑制监测中的意义探讨

目的探讨中性粒细胞核右移幅度在紫杉醇化疗患者骨髓抑制监测中的意义。方法 96例肿瘤患者紫杉醇化疗前后白细胞计数,同时做血涂片,瑞氏染液染色镜检。对中性粒细胞分类计数并计算百分率比,以有无中性粒细胞核右移及核右移幅度与白细胞计数变化幅度比较,判断中性粒细胞核右移幅度对骨髓抑制监测的意义。结果 96例紫杉醇化疗肿瘤患者中有94例出现了白细胞计数降低,70例肿瘤患者中性粒细胞核右移,而白细胞计数降低和中性粒细胞核右移并不完全同步。其中,26肿瘤患者未出现中性粒细胞核右移现象。结论外周血白细胞计数结合中性粒细胞分类计数核右移现象,可以更准确监测化疗肿瘤患者骨髓抑制程度,对患者的预后意义重大。     

左卡尼汀联合水化对伴有肾功能不全的冠心病患者造影剂肾病的预防作用研究

目的 探讨左卡尼汀联合水化对伴有肾功能不全的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者造影剂肾病的预防作用.方法 选取于2018年6月至2019年12月于河南大学第一附属医院行择期冠状动脉(冠脉)造影术或冠脉支架植入术的肾功能不全的冠心病患者,将入组患者按照治疗方法分为左卡尼汀联合水化组(n=51)和单纯水化组(n=57)...     

Leukotriene B4-induced neutrophil extracellular traps impede the clearance of Pneumocystis

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a fungal pulmonary disease with high mortality in immunocompromised patients. Neutrophils are essential in defending against fungal infections; however, their role in PCP is controversial. Here we aim to investigate the effects of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on Pneumocystis clearance and lung injury using a mouse model of PCP. Intriguingly, although neutrophils play a fundamental role in defending against fungal infections, NETs failed to eliminate Pneumocystis, but instead impaired the killing of Pneumocystis. Mechanically, Pneumocystis triggered Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)-dependent neutrophil swarming, leading to agglutinative NET formation. Blocking Leukotriene B4 with its receptor antagonist Etalocib significantly reduced the accumulation and NET release of neutrophils in vitro and in vivo, enhanced the killing ability of neutrophils against Pneumocystis, and alleviated lung injury in PCP mice. This study identifies the deleterious role of agglutinative NETs in Pneumocystis infection and reveals a new way to prevent NET formation, which provides new insights into the pathogenesis of PCP.     

Neutrophil–Lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor clinical outcome after mechanical thrombectomy in stroke in patients with COVID-19

BackgroundThe neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is emerging as an important biomarker of acute physiologic stress in a myriad of medical conditions, and is a confirmed poor prognostic indicator in COVID-19.ObjectiveWe sought to describe the role of NLR in predicting poor outcome in COVID-19 patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.MethodsWe analyzed NLR in COVID-19 patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes enrolled into an international 12-center retrospective study of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, consecutively admitted between March 1, 2020 and May 1, 2020. Increased NLR was defined as ≥7.2. Logistic regression models were generated.ResultsIncidence of LVO stroke was 38/6698 (.57%). Mean age of patients was 62 years (range 27–87), and mortality rate was 30%. Age, sex, and ethnicity were not predictive of mortality. Elevated NLR and poor vessel recanalization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) score of 1 or 2a) synergistically predicted poor outcome (likelihood ratio 11.65, p  =  .003). Patients with NLR > 7.2 were 6.8 times more likely to die (OR 6.8, CI95% 1.2–38.6, p  =  .03) and almost 8 times more likely to require prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 7.8, CI95% 1.2–52.4, p  =  .03). In a multivariate analysis, NLR > 7.2 predicted poor outcome even when controlling for the effect of low TICI score on poor outcome (NLR p  =  .043, TICI p  =  .070).ConclusionsWe show elevated NLR in LVO patients with COVID-19 portends significantly worse outcomes and increased mortality regardless of recanalization status. Severe neuro-inflammatory stress response related to COVID-19 may negate the potential benefits of successful thrombectomy.     

UMP与ESWL治疗肾结石合并糖尿病患者的效果及对NGAL、Hb水平的影响研究

目的 探究超微经皮肾镜碎石术(UMP)与体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)治疗肾结石合并糖尿病患者的效果及对血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)和血红蛋白(Hb)水平的影响.方法 选取2017年1月至2019年1月经本院收治的108例肾结石合并糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用简单随机化原则将其分为两组,每组各54例.对照...     

Z2细胞计数仪计数白细胞和红细胞的性能评价

目的对Beckman-Coulter Z2细胞计数仪（简称Z2）的白细胞（WBC）和红细胞（RBC）检测性能进行系统评价。方法根据国际血液学标准化委员会（ICSH）制定的评价标准对Z2检测WBC和RBC性能包括准确度、精密度、线性、抗干扰、重合计数等进行评价,同时将Sysmex F-820和SE-9500与Z2的结果进行比较。结果Z2检测浓度质控物、WBC和RBC的线性良好（r均〉0.999）,Z2检测标准颗粒、WBC和RBC的批内、批间和总重复性的变异系数（CV）均〈2%,检测WBC和RBC的携带污染率均〈1%,在室温或4℃条件下可稳定48 h,高三酰甘油（TG）和高胆红素（Bil）对WBC、RBC的检测基本无干扰（P〉0.05）。Z2校正WBC和RBC的重合计数偏差均〈1%。Sysmex F-820、SE-9500与Z2检测WBC和RBC结果间的相关性良好（r〉0.996）,且结果间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论Z2细胞计数仪检测WBC、RBC具有准确、精密、线性好、抗干扰能力强、重合计数偏差小、与其他厂商的血液分析仪检测结果间具有可比性等特点,可作为WBC和RBC计数的参考计数仪并可用于对其他血液分析仪计数WBC和RBC的校准。     

日常胎动记录图预测和评估脐带绕颈胎儿宫内安危的价值研究

背景 胎动(FM)是唯一依赖孕妇自我评估的主观性指标,却可客观反映胎儿宫内安全情况;如何将FM量化并使其成为一个相对客观的评价指标一直是产科医师研究和关注的焦点.目的 通过应用日常胎动记录图(DFMC)预测和评估脐带绕颈胎儿的宫内安危.方法 回顾性选取2010年1月—2016年1月在浙江衢化医院住院分娩的足月孕妇100...     

血小板数与巨核细胞、转化生长因子β1在川崎病动物模型中的动态变化

[目的]动态观察血小板数(PLT)、巨核细胞、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)在幼兔免疫性血管炎中的变化.[方法]用牛血清白蛋白复制幼兔免疫性血管炎的川崎病(KD)动物模型,每隔4 d分别检测血小板数、巨核细胞计数及分类、TGF-β1;并于d17、d28取冠状动脉、肝、脾、肾、脑等组织作病理学分析.[结果]PLT、巨核...     

NLR、PCT、CRP联合检测对早期COVID-19的诊断价值

目的 探讨中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、降钙素原(PCT)和C反应蛋白(CRP)对早期新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的诊断价值.方法 选取咸宁市第一人民医院230例疑似COVID-19患者,根据胸部电子计算机断层扫描(CT)、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)核酸、病毒血清学抗体和血培养检...