An initial evaluation of learning units to facilitate problem solving and self-directed study (portable patient problem pack)

This paper describes the initial evaluation of the portable patient problem pack, a learning unit designed to facilitate the development of problem-solving skills and stimulate self study.
A cross-over design using two neurological patient problems, each presented in two formats (simulated patient and P4), was used with a sample of twenty-nine volunteer nursing and medical students.
The results indicate that the P4 appears to be feasible and effective in stimulating problem solving and self-directed study. The suggested concurrent validity, low cost of production, and implementation make it a potentially potent tool for evaluation.     

IgM and IgG responses during chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (r-EAE)

During chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (r-EAE) in guinea pigs, serum IgM and IgG concentrations increased markedly early in disease. Serum IgM and IgG increased similarly in control animals immunized with Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT). In the chronic phase of r-EAE but not in control animals, elevated IgM was also found in central nervous system (CNS) extracts, suggesting intrathecal IgM synthesis. IgG antibodies against myelin and myelin basic protein (MBP) were regularly detected in r-EAE sera from day 21 post inoculation (p.i.), reaching maximum levels in the early chronic phase. IgG antibodies against galactocerebroside (GC) and galactose appeared in some r-EAE sera. Oligoclonal IgG bands were demonstrated in all r-EAE guinea pig sera 21-26 days p.i. The bands in serum decreased in number and strength in the chronic phase. They could be traced to antibodies against MT in 4 of 10 animals, but not to antibodies against myelin, MBP, GC or galactose. Oligoclonal IgG bands were also regularly visualized in r-EAE CNS 124 days p.i., suggesting persistent intrathecal IgG synthesis. They varied in number and migration between different regions of individual CNS. Oligoclonal CNS IgG was related to antibodies against MT in only one of 7 animals, and in no case to antibodies against myelin.     

Induction of antimyelin and antioligodendrocyte antibodies by vaccinia virus An experimental study in the mouse

The appearance of serum antibodies binding to specific brain antigens was monitored in mice inoculated intracerebrally with a dermotropic or a neurotropic strain of vaccinia virus. Antibodies were measured with a binding assay using [¹²⁵I]protein A. Inoculation with the neurotropic strain caused an induction of serum antibodies binding to the myelin membrane, the myelin basic protein and oligodendrocytes while no induction of binding antibodies to neurons was observed. The dermotropic strain failed to elicit the formation of binding antibodies to brain antigens.     

神经病学硕士研究生能力培养评价体系研究

结合神经病学的特点，从神经病学硕士研究生的临床实践能力、创新能力、英语能力和临床沟通能力四大方面较全面地阐述了建立硕士研究生能力评价体系的目的与意义，描述了建立评价体系的基本思路，初步确定了评价指标和评价体系的内涵。     

以脑血管病为特色神经病学学科建设的探索与实践

首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院从建立神经内科,搭建神经病学学科建设平台的过程中, 以脑血管病为中心,全面发展神经病学各个亚专业,创建了包括多个神经科学相关临床专业、临床和 基础研究、统计学在内的神经病学中心。本文介绍了天坛医院瞄准国际前沿脉动,创新发展各个学科, 注重青年人才培养,在基础和临床研究领域做出了国际一流的突出成绩,改写国际指南,使得神经病 学科全面发展,其卓有成效的发展模式为全国神经病学中心建设和人才培养提供了典范和经验。