糖尿病患者视网膜前新生血管膜中血管内皮细胞的增殖和激活

目的研究Ⅰ型糖尿病患者增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＰＤＲ）视网膜前新生血管膜中血管内皮细胞的增殖和激活状态。方法用双重免疫荧光及碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶法检查Ⅰ型糖尿病患者１８例ＰＤＲ视网膜前新生血管膜血管内皮细胞的增殖和激活状态，并与患者的主要临床特征相比较。结果１８例标本中，１６例（８８．９％）含增殖状态的血管内皮细胞，１４例（７７．８％）的内皮细胞呈激活状态；应用双重染色技术，发现在含增殖状态内皮细胞的１６例中有１４例（８７．５％）内皮细胞同时处于激活状态。结论ＰＤＲ视网膜前新生血管膜中大多数新生血管内皮细胞呈增殖和激活状态，提示血管内皮细胞在ＰＤＲ的病理生理和发展中起重要作用     

How does angiogenesis develop in pediatric moyamoya disease after surgery?

Object The dynamic process of neovascularization seen in patients with moyamoya disease who have received bypass surgery has not been sufficiently elucidated. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is expected to disclose this process since it can be conducted frequently because of its non-invasive nature. In this study, we prospectively investigated postoperative neovascularization using repeated MRA.Methods We studied 14 pediatric patients (23 sides) who have received both direct bypass surgery of the superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery and indirect surgery of encephalo-duro-arterio-myo-synangiosis during the past 3 years. MRA was performed using a 1.5-T machine, image sequences of 512×256 resolution, and the time-of-flight method. MRA was prospectively performed preoperatively and repeated 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery.Conclusions A tendency toward a decrease in moyamoya vessels and the development of the STA was observed 1 month after the surgery. Development of the deep temporal artery and the middle meningeal artery was observed 3 months after the surgery. The progression of stenotic change was apparently accelerated after the surgery. A reciprocal relation between neovascularization artificially induced by bypass surgery and moyamoya vessels, which are supposed to compensate for the stenotic change of the internal carotid artery, was disclosed.     

乙酰肝素酶mRNA表达和血管生成与胃癌发展的关系

目的　探讨乙酰肝素酶mRNA表达状况和血管生成与胃癌发展的关系。方法　应用原位杂交技术 ,检测 5 2例胃癌组织中乙酰肝素酶mRNA的表达情况 ,并用免疫组化法对全部标本用CD34抗体进行肿瘤血管内皮染色 ,计数肿瘤微血管密度 (MVD) ,分析乙酰肝素酶mRNA与MVD及其与胃癌组织分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和器官转移的关系。结果　胃癌组织乙酰肝素酶mRNA阳性表达 2 5例 (4 8.1% ) ,MVD平均值为 73.2± 2 2 .8;阴性表达 2 7例 (5 1.9% ) ,MVD平均值为 4 4 .8±11.9,两者之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。乙酰肝素酶mRNA表达和MVD与胃癌组织浸润深度、淋巴结转移有关 (P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论　乙酰肝素酶与胃癌的血管生成密切相关 ,对胃癌的生长和浸润转移有促进作用 ,乙酰肝素酶可作为反映胃癌生物学行为的客观指标。     

脑星形细胞瘤组织中肝细胞生长因子及其受体的表达

目的探讨肝细胞生长因子(HGF)mRNA及其受体(c-Met)mRNA在脑星形细胞瘤组织中的表达规律,及其与肿瘤增殖、肿瘤血管生成、临床病理及预后之间的关系。方法用原位杂交法检测76例脑星形细胞瘤组织标本HGFmRNA、c-MetmRNA的表达;用免疫组化法检测增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)及CD34在肿瘤中的表达,计算微血管密度(MVD),并结合临床和病理资料进行分析。结果HGFmRNA、c-MetmRNA、PCNA在低级别脑星形细胞瘤组织中阳性率分别为34·5%、44·8%和15%±9%,在高级别脑星形细胞瘤组织中阳性率分别为74·5%、78·7%和48%±12%(P<0·05),MVD在低级别和高级别脑星形细胞瘤组织中分别为17个±7个和31个±13个(P<0·05),与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤直径无显著相关(P>0·05);c-Met表达与HGF、PCNA的表达及MVD呈显著相关;Cox回归多因素分析显示,病理级别、肿瘤部位、HGF、c-Met、PCNA和MVD6个因素对星形细胞瘤患者生存期的影响具有统计学意义。结论HGF/c-Met在星形细胞瘤的形成与发展过程中起重要作用,它可促进肿瘤增殖及瘤组织内微血管的发生,并对其预后判断有指导意义。     

体外共培养研究乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7对正常内皮细胞的作用

目的在体外共培养体系中研究乳腺癌细胞对正常内皮细胞的作用。方法建立乳腺癌细胞株MCF7与正常内皮细胞的体外共培养体系条件培养液ZMCF7EC;以同期单独培养的正常内皮细胞为对照,对与乳腺癌细胞株MCF7在ZMCF7EC条件下共培养后的内皮细胞进行透射电镜细胞超微结构、光镜细胞形态学观察,并以看家基因β2m为内参照进行ESM、IGFBP3、αvβ3、VEC、及Tie22基因半定量RTPCR表达分析,以缩时录像技术进行血管新生观察。结果与同期单独培养的正常内皮细胞对照相比,经共培养后的内皮细胞形态不规则、呈游走状;超微结构出现胞核增大、核仁增大、核浆比例增大,内质网疏松、变形,细胞表面窗孔加深,细胞间隙加大和细胞表面纤毛减少;半定量RTPCR值均较对照上调,其半定量值与对照组比较:ESM/β2m(0.60±0.28,P<0.01)、IGFBP3/β2m(0.54±0.30,P<0.05)、αvβ3/β2m(0.58±0.23,P<0.01)、VEC/β2m(0.51±0.17,P<0.01)及Tie22/β2m(0.55±0.21,P<0.05)。结论共培养后的内皮细胞有明显的趋瘤特征和血管新生能力,推测活体内乳腺癌生长中通过对相邻内皮细胞的作用促进血管新生且新生血管的内皮细胞性质与行为不同于正常内皮细胞。     

Determining the neovascularization time of secondary island skin flaps—Experimental investigations in rats

Using rats, secondary island skin flaps were prepared and the flap neovascularization time from the recipient bed determined. The results were compared with comparable standard island skin flaps on rats. The changes in neovascularization at the fourth and fifth days occur earlier in the secondary island skin flaps. This could not be confirmed statistically.     

抗肿瘤抗生素C1027抑制血管生成及其抗肿瘤转移作用

寻找新的血管生成抑制剂，探讨其抗肿瘤转移作用及机理。方法利用鸡胚尿囊膜模型，观察抗肿瘤抗生素Ｃ１０２７对血管生成的抑制作用。经静脉途径给予Ｃ１０２７和丝裂霉素治疗，比较二者对小鼠Ｌｅｗｉｓ癌自发性肺转移的影响；同时进行受体结合分析，观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）受体是否为Ｃ１０２７作用的靶点。结果Ｃ１０２７有很强的抑制血管生成作用，在低剂量（０．０１μｇ／鸡胚）即可抑制鸡胚尿囊膜的血管生成，并且可以阻断ｂＦＧＦ与受体蛋白结合，其半数有效抑制浓度（ＩＣ５０）为２．３×１０－６μｇ／ｍｌ。采用等毒性剂量进行比较：Ｃ１０２７（０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和丝裂霉素（１．２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）对小鼠Ｌｅｗｉｓ癌的肺转移抑制率分别为９８％和７８％，对皮下肿瘤的抑制率分别为８６％和５０％，前者明显高于后者。结论Ｃ１０２７是一种很强的血管生成抑制剂，可能以ｂＦＧＦ的受体为作用靶点，抑制血管生成，并阻断小鼠Ｌｅｗｉｓ癌的自发性肺转移。     

Isolated bowel segment created by omentoenteropexy: histologic findings

An isolated bowel segment (IBS) is a viable loop of bowel that is completely free of its mesenteric attachments. In this study, omentoenteropexy (OEP) was performed in 5-cm-long IBS of rats in order to provide neoyascularization. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups. After OEP, mesenteric division of the IBSs was performed at successive 1 week intervals in each group (3–6 weeks). The bowel-wall structures were histologically examined 2 days after division of the mesentery. Ischemic changes were observed in the group in which the interval was shorter than 4 weeks. In the IBSs that were supplied by the pediculated omental flap for 4 or more weeks no ischemic changes were noted in the mucosa, muscle layers, or intramural ganglia. We conclude that an IBS that preserves normal bowel structures can safely be created in the rat when its mesentery is divided 4 weeks after OEP. Physiological studies of motility and absorption can be performed and longitudinal tubularization may enable such an IBS to be used in short-bowel syndrome.     

Role of mesenchymal cells in the neovascularization of the rabbit phallus

The neovascularization of the rabbit phallus at ages between prenatal days 15 and 21 was investigated by light- and electron microscopy, computer-aided light microscopic reconstruction, and immunocytochemistry. The phalli are embedded by an abundance of mesenchymal cells, which are in contact with the neighboring ones or with the endothelial lining of growing capillaires. They often form solid cell cords that eventually make contact with the growing capillaries. The computer-aided reconstruction of the serial light micrographs reveals that these cell cords are involved in connecting the adjacent capillaries. The incorporation of such mesenchymal cell projections into the endothelial lining, occasionally conjugated with simple attachement devices, is frequently observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The contact areas between the mesenchymal and endothelial cells show immunoreactions of fibronectin. These results indicate the successive transformation of mesenchymal cells to endothelial cells of the growing capillaries. As endothelial cells of the growing capillaries show mitotic proliferation, such vasoformative mesenchymal cells seem to be involved in the acceleration of the neocapillarization of the rabbit phallus. Fibronectin actively produced in the mesenchymal cells may participate in their migration and the mechanical linkage with the endothelial cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

肾细胞癌缺氧诱导因子表达与增殖和凋亡的关系

目的研究缺氧诱导因子-2α(HIF-2α)、微血管密度(MVD)在肾细胞癌中的表达及其与细胞增殖、凋亡的关系,并探讨其可能机制。方法应用免疫组织化学DAKO Envision Sys- tem(二步法)和原位缺口末端标记法检测66例肾明透细胞癌中HIF-2α的表达、MVD与细胞增殖、凋亡。结果66例肾透明细胞癌HIF-2α阳性率为68.2%,其表达随TNM分期的升高而增加(P＜0.01)。肾细胞癌中HIF-2α表达与MVD呈正相关(r=0.786,P＜0.01)；与肿瘤细胞凋亡指数(AI)呈负相关(r=-0.560,P＜0.01)；MVD与AI呈负相关(r=-0.618,P＜0.01)；HIF- 2α与AI/增殖指数(PI)负相关(r=-0.352,P＜0.01)。结论在肾细胞癌发展过程中,HIF-2α对肿瘤的能量代谢和新血管生成有促进作用,微血管的形成可抑制肿瘤细胞的凋亡,促进肿瘤的恶性进展。