内皮抑素在大鼠腹膜的表达及其与腹膜血管新生的关系

目的 研究大鼠腹膜血管内皮抑素（endostatin, ES）基因及蛋白表达与腹膜血管新生的关系。 方法 32只雄性SD大鼠,按随机数字表法分为正常组、肾衰竭非透析组（非腹透组）、1.5%腹膜透析组（1.5% PD组）、4.25%腹膜透析组（4.25% PD组）,每组8只。PD组经规律PD 28 d后,取各组大鼠新鲜腹膜组织,用RT-PCR检测ES mRNA表达;用组织免疫组化染色检测ES蛋白表达;以CD34染色观察腹膜组织毛细血管密度（MVD）。 结果 各组均有ES mRNA表达,正常组为0.47±0.05;非腹透组为0.45±0.04;1.5% PD组为0.46±0.04;4.25% PD组为0.47±0.03;各组表达差异无统计学意义。正常组ES蛋白表达积分0分;非腹透组积分2分;1.5%PD组积分4分;4.25%PD组呈高表达,积分9分。正常组MVD为3.13±1.13;非腹透组为5.13±1.14;1.5%PD组为9.00±1.51;4.25%PD组为10.75±1.83;组间差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 尿毒症状态和非生理性腹透液刺激可使大鼠腹膜组织ES蛋白表达升高,其在长期透析所致腹膜组织毛细血管生成增多中可能发挥一定的作用。     

应用纤维蛋白封闭剂建立肿瘤可视化模型

目的：应用可视化肿瘤模型,直视观察肿瘤生长情况。细胞表面磷酸化糖蛋白的表达可以了解生长抑素对肿瘤的作用。方法：本实验设试验对照组及药物试验组,建立可视化肿瘤模型,给予生长抑素（0.6ng/kg）,在13d试验组肿瘤生长受抑制情况明显,13d后全部处死,采用免疫组织化学方法测定细胞表面磷酸化糖蛋白的表达,了解肿瘤血管新生受抑制情况。结果：肿瘤细胞移植后,直视下观察肿瘤生长情况。试验对照组所有移植肿瘤生长状态良好,肿瘤长大使小鼠行动发生困难 试验给药组较试验对照组肿瘤生长慢且小,行动不受限制,肿瘤的生长被明显抑制。在试验对照组中细胞表面磷酸化糖蛋白高表达,在给药组则低表达。结论：成功建立肿瘤可视化模型,生长抑素在抑制肿瘤血管新生中起重要作用。     

电刺激效应在血管新生中的作用

人体生命活动的不断延续,往往伴随着生物电现象的产生,一旦这种电生理环境发生改变,机体易于陷入疾病状态。那么基于这种电生理环境的改变以及电刺激技术的发展,借助电刺激技术改变疾病状态。从而修复机体结构和功能的治疗手段得到大量研究者的证实。血管新生是一个多因素参与、多步骤演变的过程。多种病变情况下如创伤愈合、组织再生修复和肿瘤生长、转移均牵涉到血管的新生,同时也伴随着生物电现象的变化。就近年来电刺激技术作用于血管新生的研究进展作一综述。     

抗血管内皮生长因子药物治疗肿瘤的耐药机制

抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物治疗晚期肿瘤过程中所出现的耐药,可能与其他血管发生通路的激活、骨髓干细胞的动员、管周细胞及围管浸润的演变等相关.因此,探讨发生耐药的机制将有助于更深入了解正常组织、肿瘤及药物间的相互作用关系,并可能提示肿瘤治疗的新靶点.     

尿纤溶酶原激活物及血管内皮生长因子在食管癌中的表达及对肿瘤血管形成的影响

目的探讨尿纤溶酶原激活物（uPA）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在食管癌中的表达及对肿瘤血管生成的影响。方法采用免疫组织化学sP法检测正常食管黏膜上皮组织（18例）及食管癌组织（68例）中uPA、VEGF的表达,检测CD。用以标记肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）,根据MVD均值分为高、低MVD组,分析食管癌uPA、VEGF的表达和临床病理特征的关系及对肿瘤血管形成的影响。结果uPA蛋白在正常食管黏膜上皮组织、食管癌组织中的阳性率分别为27．8％（5／18）和70．6％（48／68）,差异有统计学意义（X^2=11．63,P〈0．05）;VEGF蛋白在正常食管黏膜上皮组织、食管癌组织中的阳性率分别为22．2％（4／18）和63．2％（43／68）,差异有统计学意义（X^2=9．78,P〈0．05）。食管癌组织中uPA与VEGF表达有一致性（X^2=9．72,P〈0．05）。MVD平均为42．38±11．62,高MVD组uPA、VEGF蛋白表达显著高于低MVD组（X^2值分别为6．13和10．12,均P〈0．05）。uPA、VEGF蛋白表达与年龄、性别、病理类型无关（均P〉0．05）,均与临床病理分期、分化程度和淋巴结转移相关（P〈0．05）。结论食管癌组织中uPA、VEGF蛋白高表达,可能促进肿瘤血管形成,提示预后不良。     

Cambios en la morfología y la microdensidad neovascular corneal inducidos tras la administración tópica de bevacizumab y sunitinib en un modelo animal

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of topical bevacizumab and topical sunitinib on vascular microdensity and morphology of corneal neovascularization (NV).MethodsA total of 33 rabbits were distributed into 3 groups: group 1 (control; n=11): saline; group 2 (n=11): bevacizumab 5 mg/ml; and group 3 (n=11): sunitinib 0.5 mg/ml. A corneal NV model was used, based on sutures in the right eye of each rabbit. Each treatment was administered topically 3 times daily for 14 days. Corneas were then processed for the study of vascular microdensity (6 eyes) and vascular morphology analysis (5 eyes) using enzymatic staining histological techniquesResultsThe vascular response in group 3 was limited to small-sized tree formations with various vascular axes compared with the extensive, lush and directional corneal NV of group 1 and 2. In the histological sections near the limb, there were no differences in vascular microdensity studies between the three groups. However, the mean sectional area of vessels (MSAV) in group 3 was 41.88% lower than in group 1 and 19.19% lower than in group 2. In distal sections, there were no differences between groups 1 and 2. However, group 3 was characterized by absence of vessels.ConclusionsBevacizumab produced no changes in the morphology of the vessels or the vascular microdensity. Sunitinib reduced the size of the new vessels and induced changes in the vascular tree.     

Increased protein carbonylation of red blood cell membrane in diabetic retinopathy

We investigated the protein carbonylation of red blood cell (RBC) membrane in type 2 diabetic patients and the potential implication of carbonyl/oxidative stress in reflecting disease severity. Sixty-four diabetic patients with or without retinopathy of variable clinical severity (Groups DR and DM, respectively) and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. Protein carbonyls were determined in RBC membranes by immunoblotting. Compared to healthy volunteers, the RBC membranes of diabetic patients were characterized by significantly increased levels of carbonylated proteins. The carbonylation of Group DR was higher compared to that of Group DM. The subgroup of patients with proliferative retinopathy exhibited a trend towards a significant increase in protein carbonyls, compared to both free-of-retinopathy diabetic cases and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy cases. The correlation between the chemical modifications of the erythrocyte membrane proteins and the clinical severity of diabetic retinopathy suggests a potential utility of membrane carbonylation as a marker and risk factor in the development of retinopathy.     

多层螺旋CT评估肺腺癌血管生成可行性的初步研究

目的　探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)评估肺腺癌血管生成的可行性。方法　对 2 7例肺腺癌(直径≤ 4cm)患者行MSCT动态增强增强 (以 4ml/s的流率注入对比剂 90ml)。用随机软件 (timelapse)计算主动脉及病灶强化值 (Apa) ,并计算肿瘤 主动脉强化值比率。用随机软件 (functionalCT)计算灌注值及平均通过时间 ,获取灌注值及平均通过时间图 ,并与文献结果对照。结果　肺腺癌强化值为 (36 6 6± 13 5 3)HU ,与文献的结果 (34 1HU)差异无显著性意义 (t=0 981,P =0 335 )。肿瘤 大动脉强化值比率 [(15 72± 4 6 6 ) % ]与文献的结果 (14 6 % )差异亦无显著性意义 (t =1 2 4 4 ,P =0 2 2 5 )。灌注值 (平均 3 2 78ml·min-1·kg-1)在单光子发射体层摄影 (SPECT)测量的肿瘤灌注值 (1 36～ 2 98ml·min-1·kg-1)范围内。平均通过时间为 (17 6 0± 4 5 2 )s。结论　MSCT研究肺腺癌血管生成是可行的。