小儿热速清口服液联合头孢噻肟治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床研究

目的 探讨小儿热速清口服液联合头孢噻肟治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年1月—2022年12月铜陵市妇幼保健院收治的84例急性上呼吸道感染患儿,按随机数字表法将所有患儿分为对照组和治疗组,每组各42例。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢噻肟,50mg/kg加入0.9%氯化钠注射液100mL中,2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服小儿热速清口服液,1≤患儿年龄<3岁者10mL/次,3≤患儿年龄<7岁者15mL/次,7≤患儿年龄<12岁者20mL/次,3次/d。两组疗程均为4d。观察两组解热效果及临床症状消失时间,比较治疗前后两组全血淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值（LMR）、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平及血清降钙素原（PCT）水平。结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率为95.24%,显著高于对照组的80.95%(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组体温恢复时间和解热起效时间均显著短于对照组,治疗组即刻退热率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,治疗组患者鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽、咽痛的消失时间均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。...     

NLR和PLR动态变化预测PD-1/PD-L1治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者疗效及预后的价值

目的:探讨中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)和血小板-淋巴细胞比值(PLR)在晚期非小细胞肺癌(aNSCLC)患者治疗前后的有效性及其对免疫应答的动态变化。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年5月在我院接受免疫治疗的60例aNSCLC患者。统计患者治疗前后NLR和PLR水平,分别记作NLR₀、PLR₀以及NLR₁₂、PLR₁₂,分析NLR、PLR及其动态变化对晚期NSCLC患者预后的价值。结果:在所有接受免疫治疗的aNSCLC患者中,47例患者治疗有效,无论是在基线还是治疗12周后,有效组的NLR和PLR水平均显著低于无效组;在多因素分析中,无论NLR₀水平如何,NLR₁₂高的患者无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)较差,PLR的结果与NLR相似。结论:NLR₁₂在预测患者免疫疗效及预后的价值高于NLR₀,而NLR和PLR的动态变化可能更有助于预测aNSCLC患者的预后。     

Relation between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and primary tumor metabolic activity in patients with malign pleural mesothelioma

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the pre‐treatment blood neutrophil/lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) with the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of primary masses on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) taken before treatment in patients diagnosed with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and to evaluate the contribution to prognosis. A retrospective evaluation was made of 73 patients diagnosed with MPM in our hospital between January 2006 and January 2014. The SUVmax value of the primary mass on pre‐treatment PET/CT, the haemogram parameters (Hb, Hct, NLR, MPV, PLT) at the time of diagnosis, the progression history, the date of the final visit, and the date of death of exitus patients was recorded from patient files PET/CT. The study group comprised 37 males (50.7%) with a mean age of 56.1 ± 11.4 years. The median survival time of these patients was 13 months. The survival time of the patient group aged <55 years was significantly longer (P = .006). Although the survival time of patients with NLR < 3 and SUVmax < 5 was longer, the difference was not statistically significant (P = .63, P = 0.08). A statistically significant difference was determined between the mean (or median) SUVmax values of the patient groups with NLR < 3 and NLR ≥3 (P = .019) with the SUVmax value of the NLR < 3 group found to be low. In conclusion, in patients with MPM, NLR ≥3 and high SUVmax values at the time of diagnosis can be considered an indicator of poor prognosis but are not a guide in the prediction of progression.     

Validation of efficient high-throughput plasmid and siRNA transfection of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells without cell maturation

Transfection of primary immune cells is difficult to achieve at high efficiency and without cell activation and maturation. Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a key link between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Delineating the signaling pathways involved in the activation of human primary DCs and reverse engineering cellular inflammatory pathways have been challenging tasks. We optimized and validated an effective high-throughput transfection protocol, allowing us to transiently express DNA in naïve primary DCs, as well as investigate the effect of gene silencing by RNA interference. Using a high-throughput nucleofection system, monocyte-derived DCs were nucleoporated with a plasmid expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), and transfection efficiency was determined by flow cytometry, based on GFP expression. To evaluate the effect of nucleoporation on DC maturation, the expression of cell surface markers CD86 and MHCII in GFP-positive cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. We established optimal assay conditions with a cell viability reaching 70%, a transfection efficiency of over 50%, and unchanged CD86 and MHCII expression. We examined the impact of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of RIG-I, a key viral recognition receptor, on the induction of the interferon (IFN) response in DCs infected with Newcastle disease virus. RIG-I protein was undetectable by Western blot in siRNA-treated cells. RIG-I knockdown caused a 75% reduction in the induction of IFNβ mRNA compared with the negative control siRNA. This protocol should be a valuable tool for probing the immune response pathways activated in human DCs.     

Role of interleukin-1 and inflammasomes in oral disease

BackgroundInflammation promotes immune cell infiltration into tissues and induces production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that mediate innate immune responses. Acute or temporary inflammation results in the required repair of the inflamed tissues. However, chronic inflammation leads to pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions such as periodontal disease. In periodontal tissues, pro-inflammatory cytokines mediate inflammatory responses and accelerate the bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts, resulting in destruction of alveolar bone. Levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that strongly promotes osteoclastic activity, are elevated in oral tissues of patients with periodontitis. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms underlying IL-1 production will enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.HighlightIL-1 has two isoforms: IL-1α and IL-1β. Both isoforms bind to the same IL-1 receptor and have identical biological activity. Unlike that of IL-1α, the IL-1β precursor is not bioactive. To induce its bioactivity, the IL-1β precursor is cleaved by caspase-1, whose activation is mediated by multiprotein complexes termed inflammasomes. Thus, IL-1β maturation and activity are strictly regulated by inflammasomes. This review highlights the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying IL-1 production and the related inflammasome activity.ConclusionInhibition of IL-1 production or the inflammasomes via their regulatory mechanisms may facilitate prevention or treatment of periodontal disease and other inflammatory diseases.     

非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗前后N LR和PLR变化及对免疫治疗疗效的预测价值

目的:探讨中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)和血小板/淋巴细胞比值(platelet to lymphocyte ratio,PLR)及其动态变化对非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)免疫治疗疗效和预后的影响.方法...     

Prognostic significance of preoperative inflammatory response biomarkers in patients undergoing curative thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Background

Recent studies have revealed significant relationships between the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and survival in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to confirm whether the LMR, NLR, and PLR have prognostic values, independent of clinicopathological criteria, in patients undergoing curative resection for esophageal cancer.

血清PCT、NLR及BUN水平与急性胰腺炎严重程度的相关性分析

目的探讨急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)患者血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil lymphocyte ratio,NLR)以及尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)水平与疾病严重程度的关系。方法收集2014年3月—2018年5月在成都医学院第二附属医院就诊的148例AP患者。所有病例均在入院后完善血生化检查,将患者按照2012亚特兰大分类标准分为轻度急性胰腺炎(mild acute pancreatitis,MAP)、中度急性胰腺炎(moderately severe acute pancreatitis,MSAP)、重度急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)3组。比较3组患者入院后第1天清晨血清PCT、NLR及BUN水平,使用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评价血清PCT、NLR及BUN水平预测轻度、中度、重度AP的效力。使用Ranson评分对患者进行病情评估。结果SAP组血清PCT、NLR、BUN水平及Ranson评分高于MAP组、MSAP组,且MSAP组上述指标高于MAP组,差异比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05);SAP组住院天数多于MAP组、MSAP组,MSAP组住院天数多于MAP组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析结果显示血清PCT、NLR、BUN水平均与Ranson评分得分显著正相关((r=0.48,P<0.05;r=0.62,P<0.05;r=0.40,P<0.05);ROC曲线分析表明PCT、NLR、BUN 3者联合评估轻度、中度、重度AP的AUC分别大于PCT和BUN单项(P<0.05),与NLR差异比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清PCT、NLR、BUN水平均与AP病情严重程度呈正相关,且对轻度、中度、重度AP预测具有一定价值,3者联合应用对评估AP病情严重程度具有较好的早期预测价值。