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61.
枢复宁在肺癌患者体内的药物动力学和生物利用度 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
9名接受顺铂化疗的原发性肺癌患者单次口服和静脉注射枢复宁8mg后,用反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆药物浓度。经用PKBP-N1程序在计算机上拟合计算表明,枢复宁在人体内表现为二房室模型。口服后主要药动学参数:T1/2Ka=0.41±0.30h,T1/2α=0.9±0.43h,T1/2β=3.3±1.2h,Cmax=28.6±9.5ng/ml,Tmax=1.7±0.9h,AUC=158±73ng·h/ml,绝对生物利用度为55%。 相似文献
62.
林丽星 《兰州大学学报(医学版)》1998,24(3):33-35
目的:探讨新生儿窒息后血糖,血气,心肌酶(谷草转氨酶,磷酸肌酸激酶及乳酸氢酶)的变化及其相关性。方法;血糖采用微量血糖仪测定,血气用足跟动脉化毛细血管法,心肌酶采用酶偶联连续监测,相关分析采用多元线性回归法。结果:低血糖8例,高血糖3例;36例均存在着不同程度的低氧血症和混合性酸中毒;22例心肌酶活性增高。血糖值与日龄呈负相关,与体温呈正相关,心肌酶活性男性高于女性,各酶之间有一定的相关性,但并非 相似文献
63.
环丙沙星滴眼剂在家兔眼内组织分布及其药物动力学 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CPFX)滴眼液点入兔眼后,用HPLC法测定眼内各组织中药物浓度。结果在角膜、房水、虹膜-睫状体、晶体、玻璃体内峰浓度值分别为19.43μg/g,1.58μg/ml,16.68μg/g,1.42μg/g和0.96μg/ml;其半衰期分别为0.76,0.69,0.92,0.61和1.40h。结果表明CPFX能在眼内达到较高的抗菌浓度。 相似文献
64.
1992~1993年间为180例冠脉病变的病人施行冠脉搭桥术,全部病人均采用核甙抑制剂利多氟嗪预处理和低温(28℃)间断缺血心停搏进行术中心肌保护。平均每例病人作冠状动脉端吻合3~4个,每个吻合口用9分钟,主动脉阻断累加时间约25分钟,体外循环时间90分钟,术后医院死亡率1.6%(3/180),无术后心梗发生。作者认为,冠脉搭桥术的术中心肌保护可采用核甙抑制剂和间断缺血心停搏方法,而不用心肌停搏液。 相似文献
65.
3-Methoxytyramine (3-MT) is a minor metabolite of dopamine which is suggested to reflect the turnover and utilization of dopamine. A novel, isocratic HPLC method has been developed which can be used to analyse 3-MT in homogenates of rat brain without the need for additional purification procedures. Furthermore, the coulometric electrochemical detection system is sensitive enough to measure 3 pg of 3-MT (equivalent to 0.6 ng/g tissue wet weight). 3-Methoxytyramine was measured in the striatum and n. accumbens after decapitation and rapid freezing, using 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzylamine as the internal standard. The effects of dopaminergic and other drugs on this metabolite were examined using this method. -Methyl-p-tyrosine (200 mg/kg i.v.) produced parallel linear decreases in dopamine and 3-MT in naive rats, but not those pretreated with tranylcypromine (5 mg/kg i.p.). Methamphetamine (0.3–10 mg/kg i.p.) and amphetamine (0.3–10 mg/kg i.p.) both dose-dependently increased 3-MT in naive and tranylcypromine-pretreated rats. In naive animals, 3-MT was not altered by intraperitoneal injection of the dopamine reuptake inhibitors, bupropion (10 mg/kg) and nomifensine (10 mg/kg) or by sibutramine HCl (3 mg/kg), amitriptyline (10 mg/kg), desipramine (10 mg/kg) and zimeldine (10 mg/kg). 3-Methoxy-tyramine was decreased by apomorphine (5 mg/kg i.p.) and also by large doses of the selective D2 antagonist, BRL 34778 (5 mg/kg i.p.) or
-DOPA (50 mg/kg i.p.). The selective D1 antagonist, SCH 23390 (0.1 or 5 mg/kg i.p.) was without effect. In tranylcypromine-pretreated rats, 3-MT was dose-dependently reduced and increased by apomorphine (0.01–5 mg/kg i.p.) and BRL 34778 (0.1–5 mg/kg i.p.), respectively. The drug SCH 23390 (0.1–5 mg/kg i.p.) produced much smaller increases in 3-MT which were probably mediated through the striatonigral pathway. Overall, the data suggest that measurement of 3-MT, after inhibition of monoamine oxidase, is a useful index of the release and utilization of dopamine. However, after substantial and prolonged depletion of dopamine, levels of 3-MT in naive animals are a better index. Also, the formation of 3-MT in naive rats provides a sensitive method for distinguishing between dopamine releasing agents and reuptake inhibitors. 相似文献
66.
67.
Edwin D. Boudreaux PhD Brian L. Cruz MD Brigitte M. Baumann MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2006,13(7):795-802
Objectives: The authors reviewed the evidence on performance improvement methods for increasing emergency department (ED) patient satisfaction to provide evidence-based suggestions for clinical practice.
Methods: Data sources consisted of searches through MEDLINE, CINAHL, PSYCHINFO, Cochrane Library, and Emergency Medicine Abstracts and a manual search of references. Articles were included if they reported a performance improvement intervention targeting patient satisfaction in the ED setting. Articles on studies not conducted in the United States or that failed to provide enough details to allow critical evaluation of the study were excluded. Two authors used structured evaluation criteria to independently review each retained study.
Results: Nineteen articles met all selection criteria. Three studies found varying levels of support for multicomponent interventions, predominantly focused on implementation of clinical practice guidelines for specific presenting complaints and process redesign. Sixteen studies evaluated single-component interventions, with the following having at least one supportive study: using alternating patient assignment to provider teams rather than "zone"-based assignment, enhancing provider communication and customer service skills, incorporating information delivery interventions (e.g., pamphlets, video) that target patient expectations, using preformatted charts, and establishing ED-based observation units for specific conditions such as asthma and chest pain.
Conclusions: There is modest evidence supporting a range of performance improvement interventions for improving ED patient satisfaction. Further work is needed before specific, evidence-based recommendations can be made regarding which process changes are most effective. Recommendations are made for improving the quality of performance improvement efforts in the ED setting. 相似文献
Methods: Data sources consisted of searches through MEDLINE, CINAHL, PSYCHINFO, Cochrane Library, and Emergency Medicine Abstracts and a manual search of references. Articles were included if they reported a performance improvement intervention targeting patient satisfaction in the ED setting. Articles on studies not conducted in the United States or that failed to provide enough details to allow critical evaluation of the study were excluded. Two authors used structured evaluation criteria to independently review each retained study.
Results: Nineteen articles met all selection criteria. Three studies found varying levels of support for multicomponent interventions, predominantly focused on implementation of clinical practice guidelines for specific presenting complaints and process redesign. Sixteen studies evaluated single-component interventions, with the following having at least one supportive study: using alternating patient assignment to provider teams rather than "zone"-based assignment, enhancing provider communication and customer service skills, incorporating information delivery interventions (e.g., pamphlets, video) that target patient expectations, using preformatted charts, and establishing ED-based observation units for specific conditions such as asthma and chest pain.
Conclusions: There is modest evidence supporting a range of performance improvement interventions for improving ED patient satisfaction. Further work is needed before specific, evidence-based recommendations can be made regarding which process changes are most effective. Recommendations are made for improving the quality of performance improvement efforts in the ED setting. 相似文献
68.
69.
目的 探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人不同时期发生房颤(AF)的临床特点、治疗及预后。方法 采用非创伤性12导联心电图及心电监测法,监测460例AMI病人AF的发生率、原因、药物治疗反应及预后。其中40例病人发生AF,按发生时期分为两组:(1)早发组24例为发病24小时内出现AF;(2)晚发组16例为发病24小时后出现AF。结果 460例AMI病人中,发生AF40例(8.7%)。AF病人的住院病死率、心力衰竭、恶性心律失常发生率比无AF病人高(P<0.05)。其中,晚期AF组病人住院病死率比早期AF组病人增加(P<0.05)。结论 AMI病人并发AF,尤其并发晚发AF,提示病情重,预后不良。 相似文献
70.
大鼠脑内儿茶酚胺类递质及其代谢物的同时提取及反向高效液相测定法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的建立一种操作简便、高效的测定脑组织中去甲肾上腺素(NA)、肾上腺素(AD)、多巴胺(DA)、3,4二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)及高香草酸(HVA)的方法,为有关药物作用机理的研究提供实验手段.方法以有机溶剂提取,高效液相色谱--电化学检测器(HPLC-EC)测定大鼠纹状体、皮质、下丘脑NA、AD、DA、DOPAC及HVA的含量.结果测得NA、AD、DA、DOPAC及HVA的绝对回收率依次分别为:80.3%±12.4%,86.5%±14.3%,90.3%±12.1%,89.5%±17.2%、87.6%±[13].2%.线性范围0.2~20ng,批内与批间变异系数分别小于8%及10%.结论该方法具有简便、迅速、回收率较高的特点,便于实验室应用. 相似文献