组织型纤溶酶原激活物双单抗夹心ELISA建立及临床应用

本文动用自制ｔ－ＰＡ单克隆抗体建立ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａａ夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法。结合ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａ、ＰＡＩ：Ａ测定，对５０例正常人，８７例肝病，４７例冠心病和１９例深静脉血栓 成患者的血浆ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａｇ、ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａ、ＰＡＩ：Ａ水平进行了研究。     

Pharmacokinetic characteristics and tolerability of a novel intravenous immunoglobulin preparation

In two independent trials 10 and 12 healthy volunteers received the novel intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations BT 511 and BT 507, respectively. BT 511 contains 5 g human plasma proteins per 100 ml, more than 95% of which are immunoglobulins of the G class (IgG). BT 507 contains in addition 61 IU antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs)·ml^–1. In trial I volunteers received 4.0 ml/kg (n+4) and 8.0 ml·kg^–1 (n+6) BT 511 to study the tolerability and the magnitude of the increase in immunoglobulins in plasma as well as their decline over 1 month. After administration of the lower dose, plasma IgG increased from 10.7 to 14.7 g·l^–1 directly after the infusion. Following the 8.0 ml·kg^–1 dose a more pronounced increase from 12.4 to 21.2 g·l^–1 was observed. No adverse events occurred. After 1 month IgG concentrations had almost reached baseline values at 12.2 g·l^–1 in the 4.0 ml·kg^–1 group, but were still significantly increased at 15.2 g·l^–1 after the high dose. There was a linear correlation between the maximal IgG plasma concentration and the subsequent decline of IgG during the 29-day observation period. After administration of BT 507 maximal anti-HBs concentrations of 1778 mU·ml^–1 occurred 1.4 h after termination of the infusion. The terminal elimination half-life was 22.4 days, and total clearance and volume of distribution were determined to be 0.122 ml·min^–1 and 5.41, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters calculated for anti-HBs as an indicator of IgG were in accordance with the pharmacokinetic behaviour of native IgG.     

The predictive value of specific immunoglobulin E levels for the first diagnosis of cow''s milk allergy. A critical analysis of pediatric literature

Investigators have tried to identify a level of seric specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) that had a sufficient predictive value to diagnose a food allergy without having will resort to the food challenge. To search in literature, all the studies that have estimated the possibility to identify a level of seric specific cow milk IgE with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 95% for the first diagnosis of cow's milk allergy (CMA) in pediatric age. We have identified six studies, nearly all studies suffer from relevant methodological bias. Proposed cut-off are all different. The studied pediatric populations were highly selected. Also neglecting the methodological bias of the studies and the great difference of value between the proposed cut-off, it always remains to consider that the pre-test probability of having a CMA between the children enrolled in the six studies included in this review is particularly high. The likelihood ratio helps to transfer the results of a study on a diagnostic test just to our population, and it is more realistic rather than to entrust itself to the PPV or the negative predictive value, that are much influenced from the prevalence of the disease in the studied population.     

Axonal neuropathy in a patient with monoclonal IgM kappa reactive with Schmidt-Lantermann incisures

We report a patient with a progressive, predominantly sensory neuropathy and a IgM kappa M-protein that binds to Schmidt-Lantermann incisures. A sural nerve biopsy showed primary axonal damage and IgM deposits at Schmidt-Lantermann incisures were seen by direct immunoperoxidase. Serum from the patient injected into rat sciatic nerve reacts with the incisures as with those in the patient's nerve. The IgM kappa M-protein reacts with chondroitin sulfate C and binds to a broad nerve protein band with a mobility of between 170 and 118 kDa. Peripheral neuropathy may be related to the M-protein, which had immunocytochemical reactivity not previously described for patients with polyneuropathy and IgM monoclonal gammopathy.     

麻风病患者外周血相关免疫功能测定的临床意义

目的探讨麻风病患者外周血相关免疫分子的变化和临床意义。方法应用流式细胞分析仪，以荧光标记的鼠抗人单克隆抗体对16例麻风病患者外周血淋巴细胞CD3／CD4／CD8、CD3／CD(16 56)(NK)和CD3／HLA-DR进行测定。结果16例患者发病初期外周血淋巴细胞亚群中CD3^ ／CD4^ 、CD3^ ／HLA-DR^-检测值和CD4／CD8比值均分别低于健康组相应参数的下限，CD3^ ／CD(16 56)^ 和CD3^ ／HLA-DR^ 检测值分别高于健康组相应参数的上限、NK的检测值在正常范围内。13例患者治疗病情稳定后2-4周，CD3^ ／CD4^ 、CD3^ ／HLA-DR^-的检测值和CD4／CD8比值均逐步增高，CD3^ ／CD(16 56)^ 、CD3^ ／CD8^ 和CD3^ ／HLA-DR^ 稍有增高或变化不明显，NK的检测值稍有增高；3例患者病情波动时CD3^ ／CD4^ 、CD3^ ／HLA-DR^-检测值和CD4／CD8比值较稳定期明显下降，而活化T淋巴细胞CD3^ ／CD(16 56)^ 、CD3^ ／HLA-DR^ 和NK细胞的检测值较稳定期明显增高2倍以上。结论通过外周血相关免疫分子的动态观察，有助于检测病情变化，时及时治疗和评价疗效有重要意义。     

Purification of rabbit, rat and mouse protein C with the use of monoclonal antibody to human protein C, PC01

Ca(++)-dependent monoclonal antibody specific to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain of protein C was produced. It did not cross-react to the other vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins but to protein C of the other species. Using this monoclonal antibody, PC01, rabbit (170 micrograms), rat (60 micrograms) and mouse (40 micrograms) protein Cs were isolated from 100 ml of their plasma by affinity chromatography. All of these protein Cs were two chain form linked by disulfide bond as well as human protein C and activated by thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. Rat and mouse protein Cs showed similar characters to human protein C. On the other hand rabbit protein C had different M(r) of heavy and light chains and showed lower anticoagulant activity compared with human protein C.     

Radioimmunoguided surgery benefits for recurrent colorectal cancer

Background: Despite new adjuvant therapy, 50% of patients with colon cancer will have recurrent disease. This study investigated the use of a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody in locating occult tumor during surgery for recurrent colorectal cancer. Methods: Twenty-two patients with recurrent colorectal cancer underwent surgery using the radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) system. All patients were subjected to abdominal and chest computed tomography (CT). Before surgery, patients were injected with the CC49 monoclonal antibody (MoAb), anti-TAG antibody labeled with¹²⁵I. Ten patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and no CT findings had a scintigraphy scan with an anti-CEA MoAb labeled with⁹⁹Tc. Human antimouse antibody levels of these patients were within normal limits. Surgical exploration including liver ultrasound examination was followed by survey with a gamma-detecting probe (GDP). Results: There was MoAb tumor localization in 100% of the patients. CT found nine tumor sites, traditional surgical exploration 30, and the GDP 51, with 44 confirmed by pathology (hematoxylin and eosin). The RIGS system found occult tumor in 10 patients (45.4%) and resulted in major changes in surgical procedure in 11 patients. In the 10 patients who had scintigraphy scans, 10 tumor sites were identified, whereas RIGS found an additional eight sites. Conclusion: RIGS technology offers a substantial benefit for patients undergoing surgery for recurrent colorectal cancer and a better chance of finding recurrent tumor intraoperatively in patients who have elevated CEA levels with no other CT findings. Presented at the Annual Cancer Symposium of The Society of Surgical Oncology, Atlanta, Georgia, March 21–24, 1996.     

免疫脂质体对卵巢癌细胞生长抑制试验的研究

以卵巢上皮癌单克隆抗体与包载阿霉素和顺铂的脂质体结合，制备出单抗脂质体阿霉素的交联物ＭＬＡ和单抗脂质体顺铂的交联物ＭＬＰ。并用其对卵巢癌细胞系ＳＫＯＶ，进行生长抑制实验。结果表明，ＭＬＡ在较高浓度时与ＡＤＭ有同样强的杀伤细胞能力，当浓度减低时，则ＭＬＡ明显强于阿霉素（ＡＤＭ）。而ｓＫＯＶ３对ＭＬＰ及顺铂（ＰＤＤ）均不敏感。     

A new monoclonal antibody which binds to the cytoplasm of large cell lymphomas.

We reported a new monoclonal antibody, designated FUB-1, reacting with normal and neoplastic large lymphoid cells. FUB-1 was produced using a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line (HBL-5) as an immunogen. Its immunoglobulin subtype was IgM. The determinant was not on the surface but in the cytoplasm. Western blotting analysis revealed that the molecular weight of the antigen was 52,000 dalton. In the normal lymphoid tissue, FUB-1 reacted with large lymphoid cells, but not with small or medium-sized lymphoid cells or plasma cells. In addition, the FUB-1 antigen was not found in resting cells in the peripheral blood (PB), but it was induced on mononuclear cells of PB by addition of PWM or PMA. In the B-cell lymphomas tested, FUB-1 reacted with small cleaved cell lymphomas (3/12), large cell lymphomas (7/10), Burkitt's lymphomas (4/4) and immunoblastic lymphomas (2/2), but not with small cell lymphomas (0/3) or intermediate lymphocytic lymphomas (0/8). These findings indicate that the FUB-1 antigen appears to be expressed on normal lymphoid cells during blastoid transformation and on neoplastic large lymphoid cells. FUB-1 also reacted with normal glandular epithelium and various adenocarcinomas. FUB-1 may be useful to investigate the mechanism of in vitro blastoid transformation or activation of lymphoid cells.