胃癌移动医疗应用程序可用性评价的文献研究

目的通过检索国内外胃癌移动医疗应用程序的相关文献,了解该领域的研究现状和发展动态,并对可用性评价进行重点分析,以期为今后相关研究提供参考。方法检索2010年1月至2020年4月发表的胃癌移动医疗应用程序相关的中、英文文献,检索的中文数据库包括中国知网、万方、重庆维普数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库,英文数据库包括Web of Science、Pub Med、Embase、Medline、ScienceDirect、Springer Link及Cochrane Library等。结果经过文献筛选,本研究共纳入15篇英文文献。胃癌移动医疗应用程序的功能以自我监测、疼痛管理、健康教育、营养咨询和监测以及加强体育锻炼为主。应用程序的可用性评价以量性评价为主,评价方法多采用问卷调查的方式进行,评价对象大多针对目标患者用户,评价持续时间差异较大,可用性评价要素以可用性、可行性、有效性和满意度为主。结论胃癌移动医疗应用程序相关研究呈持续性增加趋势,仅适用于胃癌患者的移动医疗应用程序相对不足。应用程序设计时应在尽可能考虑胃癌患者全面需求的同时注重个性化服务,应用程序的可用性评价应贯穿应用程序研发的全过程,且如何规范实施移动医疗应用程序可用性评价应受到相关研究人员的重视。     

Modified positioning of a smartphone based single-lead electrocardiogram device improves detection of atrial flutter

Introduction

The AliveCor Kardia Mobile (AKM) is a handheld, smartphone based cardiac rhythm monitor that records a lead-I electrocardiogram (ECG). Despite being efficacious for detection of atrial fibrillation (AF), it is unclear whether atrial flutter (AFL) may be misdiagnosed as sinus rhythm due to regular R-R intervals. We hypothesised that generating lead-II tracings through repositioning of the AKM may improve visualisation of flutter waves and clinician diagnosis of AFL compared to traditional lead-I tracings.

移动护士工作站在提高脑卒中偏瘫患者良肢位质量中的应用

目的探讨移动护士工作站在提高脑卒中偏瘫患者良肢位质量中的应用。方法 选取2018 年1～12 月期间在我院诊断治疗的脑卒中偏瘫患者80 例为研究对象,将前半年的40 例患者作为对照组,将后半年的40 例患者作为观察组,对照组给予常规康复护理措施及传统良肢位摆放宣教,观察组在常规康复护理的基础上实施移动护士工作站进行良肢位摆放宣教。比较两组的Fugl-Meyer 评分、ADL 评分、QOL-100 评分及CNS 评分,比较两组患者的良肢位质量应用效果。结果 两组的Fugl-Meyer 评分出院时与入院时比较,差异有统计学意义 （P＜0.05）;实施移动护士工作站后观察组与对照组ADL 评分、QOL-100 评分及CNS 评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 通过对行良肢位摆放的脑卒中偏瘫患者,采取移动护士工作站开展护理工作,能够有效改善患者的良肢位肢体质量,同时能够预防发生并发症,提升患者的生活质量,具备极为深远的社会意义,可以在临床中推广应用。     

Older adults and mobile phones for health: A review

ObjectiveTo report on the results of a review concerning the use of mobile phones for health with older adults.MethodsPubMed and CINAHL were searched for articles using “older adults” and “mobile phones” along with related terms and synonyms between 1965 and June 2012. Identified articles were filtered by the following inclusion criteria: original research project utilizing a mobile phone as an intervention, involve/target adults 60 years of age or older, and have an aim emphasizing the mobile phone’s use in health.ResultsTwenty-one different articles were found and categorized into ten different clinical domains, including diabetes, activities of daily life, and dementia care, among others. The largest group of articles focused on diabetes care (4 articles), followed by COPD (3 articles), Alzheimer’s/dementia Care (3 articles) and osteoarthritis (3 articles). Areas of interest studied included feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness. While there were many different clinical domains, the majority of studies were pilot studies that needed more work to establish a stronger base of evidence.ConclusionsCurrent work in using mobile phones for older adult use are spread across a variety of clinical domains. While this work is promising, current studies are generally smaller feasibility studies, and thus future work is needed to establish more generalizable, stronger base of evidence for effectiveness of these interventions.     

Diabetes and Tooth Loss: An analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2004

BackgroundThe authors conducted an analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to understand the association between diabetes and tooth loss in the United States.MethodsThe authors analyzed the oral examination and self-reported diabetes data obtained from the NHANES 2003–2004 cycle and included 2,508 participants representing a civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population 50 years and older. The authors calculated the prevalence of edentulism and the number of missing teeth among dentate people, and they used multiple regression analyses to assess the association between diabetes and tooth loss.ResultsThe prevalence of edentulism was 28 percent and 14 percent among people with and without diabetes, respectively. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that people with diabetes were more likely to be edentulous than were those without diabetes (adjusted odds ratio = 2.25; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.19–4.21). Among dentate adults, those with diabetes had a higher number of missing teeth than did adults without diabetes (mean [standard error {SE}] = 9.8 [0.67]), mean [SE] = 6.7 [0.29]); P < .01).ConclusionsThese study results revealed that adults with diabetes are at higher risk of experiencing tooth loss and edentulism than are adults without diabetes. One of every five cases of edentulism in the United States is linked to diabetes.Practical ImplicationsAlthough the association between diabetes and periodontal disease is well established, health care professionals also need to recognize the risk of tooth loss and its effect on quality of life among people with diabetes.     

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor type 1-dependent modulation of synaptic plasticity

Mobile phones signals are pulse-modulated microwaves, and EEG studies suggest that the extremely low-frequency (ELF) pulse modulation has sleep effects. However, 'talk', 'listen' and 'standby' modes differ in the ELF (2, 8, and 217Hz) spectral components and specific absorption rates, but no sleep study has differentiated these modes. We used a GSM900 mobile phone controlled by a base-station simulator and a test SIM card to simulate these three specific modes, transmitted at 12.5% (23dBm) of maximum power. At weekly intervals, 10 healthy young adults, sleep restricted to 6h, were randomly and single-blind exposed to one of: talk, listen, standby and sham (nil signal) modes, for 30 min, at 13:30 h, whilst lying in a sound-proof, lit bedroom, with a thermally insulated silent phone beside the right ear. Bipolar EEGs were recorded continuously, and subjective ratings of sleepiness obtained every 3 min (before, during and after exposure). After exposure the phone and base-station were switched off, the bedroom darkened, and a 90 min sleep opportunity followed. We report on sleep onset using: (i) visually scored latency to onset of stage 2 sleep, (ii) EEG power spectral analysis. There was no condition effect for subjective sleepiness. Post-exposure, sleep latency after talk mode was markedly and significantly delayed beyond listen and sham modes. This condition effect over time was also quite evident in 1-4Hz EEG frontal power, which is a frequency range particularly sensitive to sleep onset. It is possible that 2, 8, 217Hz modulation may differentially affect sleep onset.     

医学生移动终端专业学习行为影响因素研究

目的：探索医学生移动终端专业学习行为的影响因素。方法：在文献研究和质性研究结果的基础上,根据任务技术匹配模型、技术接受与使用整合模型等模型,从移动终端特征角度构建理论模型,通过问卷调查收集上海中医药大学医学生的相关数据,探索可能影响医学生移动终端专业学习的因素。结果：感知任务技术匹配、感知有用性、感知互动性、感知移动性、感知绩效对医学生移动终端专业学习行为有显著正向影响,感知易用性、感知风险、感知成本、内容质量对医学生移动终端专业学习行为的影响并不显著。结论：医学生移动终端专业学习行为普遍,要善于利用移动终端的技术优势,积极建设优质的学习资源,提升移动终端专业学习的用户体验和学习效果。