助产士产前门诊对初产妇焦虑抑郁情绪和分娩结局的影响

目的探究并分析助产士产前门诊对初产妇焦虑抑郁情绪和分娩结局的影响。方法选择2011年11月～2012年11月在我院产科定期产检并分娩的112例初产妇作为研究对象,应用随机数字表法将其分为常规护理组和护理干预组。常规护理组孕产妇接受常规产前门诊,而护理干预组孕产妇在此基础上接受助产士产前门诊;比较两组初产妇焦虑抑郁情绪和分娩结局,以探讨助产士产前门诊对初产妇焦虑抑郁情绪和分娩结局的影响。结果护理干预组焦虑抑郁标准分、剖宫产率、产后2 h出血量和新生儿1 min Apgar评分均明显低/少于常规护理组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论助产士产前门诊能够有效减少孕产妇的焦虑抑郁程度,提高自然分娩率,降低剖宫产率,改善分娩结局。     

The Continued Care of Pregnant Women Receiving Opiate Substitution Treatment by Midwives

ABSTRACT. Background: The care of pregnant women receiving opiate substitution treatment (OST) is generally provided by a variety of health care professionals. Midwives working in prenatal consultations take part in this continued care and may meet with their patients several times throughout the pregnancy, which can have a tremendous impact on monitoring. The purpose of the study was to determine whether midwives are used to accompanying women taking OST and to determine their level of knowledge and investment in this area. Methods: One hundred fifty-nine midwives working in prenatal consultations in Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing received a questionnaire with 21 questions. Results: One hundred ten surveys were collected and analyzed. The majority (103) of the midwives were attending pregnant women taking OST. They were familiar with the effects of heroin on pregnancy but were not familiar with the management of OST. Conclusions: The training of these professionals is important in risk reduction, and they should know the management of OST. All of the midwives requested specific training.     

产妇经血传播疾病检测对助产士职业暴露预防的意义

目的探讨产妇产前经血传播疾病检测对助产士职业暴露在医院感染控制中的意义。方法对2007年10月至2009年10月间的产妇进行乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎抗体（抗HCV）、艾滋病抗体（抗HIV）、甲苯胺红不加热血清试验（TRUST）检测,并对助产士在这两年间所发生的职业暴露进行统计分析。结果检出HBsAg阳性521例,阳性牢16．35％抗-HCV阳性4例,阳性率0．13％;抗-HIV阳性1例,阳性率0．03％;TRUST阳性12例,阳性率0．38％;助产士发生职业暴露5例,暴露率7．9％;经过随防一年,未发生医院院内感染。结论产前检测经血传播性疾病可事先知晓产妇经血传播疾病的感染情况,使助产士更严格遵循安全的操作流程,规范操作,自觉加强防护,对助产士职业暴露防治、对医院感染控制、对提高职业防护的依从性和执行率有着重要意义,大大降低助产士职业暴露的风险。     

助产士全程陪护联合家庭化分娩的效果观察

目的 探讨助产士全程陪护联合家庭化分娩模式的临床应用效果.方法 选择2010年1月至2010年12月本院住院分娩的孕妇500例,其中施行助产士全程陪护联合家庭化分娩的孕产妇275例为观察组,225例非家庭化分娩孕产妇为对照组.结果 观察组顺产率高于对照组,产后出血率低于对照组,产程时间明显缩短,满意度明显高于对照组,两组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 助产士全程陪护联合家庭化分娩模式可提高自然分娩率,减少产后出血,提高产科服务满意度.     

International networking: connecting midwives through social media

STEWART S., SIDEBOTHAM M. & DAVIS D. (2012) International networking: connecting midwives through social media. International Nursing Review59, 431-434 Purpose: This article reports on the 'Virtual International Day of the Midwife E-vent', an innovative initiative that uses social media to provide opportunities for learning and networking internationally. Background: This e-vent was conceived of and initiated in 2009 by a small group of midwives with an interest in social media. The e-vent uses web conferencing software and schedules a presentation every hour for a 24-h period so as to reach midwives or other interested parties in all time zones of the globe. Methods: The authors draw on their experiences to describe the e-vent including the e-vent aims and organizing processes, and to report on participation trends over the 3-year period. Findings: The e-vent has seen significant growth over a 3-year period with participation increasing from an average of five participants per session to 50. The organizing committee has expanded to include an international team and they have extended the reach of the project by establishing a Facebook page. Conclusions: While the use of social media has its limitations, projects such as the International Day of the Midwife E-vent have real potential to increase access to educational materials and provide opportunities for international networking.     

助产士电话随访对产妇出院后产褥期心身健康的影响

目的探讨助产士电话访视对产褥期产妇生活质量的影响。方法入选2005年7月至2009年7月我院产科1108例经阴道分娩产妇,分为电话访视组（732例）及无电话访视组（376例）。产妇出院后4—14天由责任助产士通过电话访视对产妇进行产褥期健康教育,对如何预防产褥期感染、奶胀、乳头皲裂进行讲解,对产妇提出的疑问进行解答,让产妇学习产褥期护理的知识;产后8周对产妇产褥期感染、奶胀、乳头皲裂及产后心理进行评估。结果电话访视组产妇院后产褥期感染、奶胀、乳头皲裂及产后抑郁症的发生率分别为O％、4．0％、2．5％及2．9％;无电话随访组产妇院后产褥期感染、奶胀、乳头皲裂及产后抑郁症的发生率分别为0．7％、8．5％、5．1％及10．1％。两组比较,电话访视组产妇院后产褥期感染、奶胀、乳头皲裂及产后抑郁症的发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义,P〈0．05。结论助产士电话随访能改善产妇院后产褥期心身健康,有助于产妇顺度过产褥期,预防疾病。     

助产士门诊对糖耐量降低孕妇管理行为作用

目的探讨成立助产士专科门诊,进行糖尿病健康教育对改善妊娠期糖耐量降低孕妇血糖控制及改善孕妇自我管理行为的促进作用。方法选择105例妊娠糖尿病患者,分为糖尿病干预组39例,糖尿病对照组66例。干预组由助产士专科门诊糖尿病健康教育助产士进行系统的糖尿病教育,对照组只给予一般的健康教育,比较其血糖控制及自我管理行为。结果干预组在接受糖尿病教育后其糖尿病相关知识水平和疾病控制行为有了显著的提高。干预组孕妇餐后2h血糖与对照组相比,有显著改善。结论通过专科门诊助产士加强对糖尿病干预组实施糖尿病教育后,孕妇糖尿病相关知识水平和疾病控制行为有了显著的提高。     

产时实施陪伴分娩的效果观察

目的探讨产时全程陪伴分娩的效果。方法转变产时服务模式，产妇临产后助产士一对一全程陪伴指导，使其轻松愉快度过分娩。结果观察组剖宫产、产后大出血，显著少于对照组。Apgar评分〈7分者低于对照组，48h内奶少、无奶的例数明显减少p〈0．01。结论陪伴分娩能提高产科护理质量，促进母乳喂养，有利于母婴安全。     

中国和法国助产士培养体系的比较

本文从学制、学习科目、临床实践要求、继续教育制度、执业权限以及在围产监护中的地位等方面,比较了中国和法国在助产士培养体系中存在的差异,旨在提高我国助产士教学水平以及推进助产士执业的规范化,提高助产士在我国围产医学领域中的地位.     

Perceptions and experiences of female genital mutilation after immigration to Sweden: An explorative study

AimThe aim of this study is to explore how women from part of the world where female genital mutilation (FGM) is normative perceive and experience FGM after immigrating to Sweden.MethodInterviews were conducted with eight women from Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe women’s feelings were ambivalent: though they opposed FGM, on the one hand, because of its negative effects on health, they acknowledged the practice’s positive cultural aspects on the other hand. The themes that emerged from the interviews are the role of FGM in ensuring virginity and protecting a family’s honor, its role in avoiding shame and enhancing purity, social pressure experienced after immigration, an understanding of FGM as a symbol of the country of origin, and support for changing the tradition.ConclusionThese findings indicate that women originating from communities where FGM is normative live in a context in which the practice is viewed as an important aspect of life even after immigration. More research concerning this complex and deeply rooted cultural issue is recommended.