小分子RNA在甲状腺肿瘤中作用的研究进展

甲状腺癌为常见的内分泌系统恶性肿瘤,近年来发病率逐渐升高,但对其发病机制尚缺乏深入的研究,对其诊断和预后判断尚缺乏特异的生物学指标,许多学者对此进行了广泛的研究。小分子RNA是新近发现的非编码单链RNA,调控细胞凋亡、细胞迁移和血管生成等多个肿瘤相关基因的表达。现主要综述小分子RNA在甲状腺癌中的诊断和判断预后中作用的研究进展。     

miRNA-21与心血管疾病

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)是长度约22个核苷酸左右的内源性、非编码RNA.在心血管疾病状态下,如增殖性血管疾病,心脏肥大,心功不全和缺血性心脏病的心血管组织中,miRNA-21表达下调.miRNA-21在血管平滑肌细胞的增殖、凋亡,心肌细胞生长、死亡及心肌细胞纤维化方面起着重要作用,已被证实参与上述疾病发病过...     

The expression of Mirc1/Mir17–92 cluster in sputum samples correlates with pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis patients

Introduction

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disorder characterized by chronic sino-pulmonary infections and inflammation. Many patients with CF suffer from repeated pulmonary exacerbations that are predictors of worsened long-term morbidity and mortality. There are no reliable markers that associate with the onset or progression of an exacerbation or pulmonary deterioration. Previously, we found that the Mirc1/Mir17–92a cluster which is comprised of 6 microRNAs (Mirs) is highly expressed in CF mice and negatively regulates autophagy which in turn improves CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function. Therefore, here we sought to examine the expression of individual Mirs within the Mirc1/Mir17–92 cluster in human cells and biological fluids and determine their role as biomarkers of pulmonary exacerbations and response to treatment.

A urinary microRNA (miR) signature for diagnosis of bladder cancer

Introduction

Bladder cancer (BC) is diagnosed by cystoscopy, which is invasive, costly and causes considerable patient discomfort. MicroRNAs (miR) are dysregulated in BC and may serve as non-invasive urine markers for primary diagnostics and monitoring. The purpose of this study was to identify a urinary miR signature that predicts the presence of BC.

Predisposition to treatment response in major depressive episode: A peripheral blood gene coexpression network analysis

Antidepressant efficacy is insufficient, unpredictable and poorly understood in major depressive episode (MDE). Gene expression studies allow for the identification of significantly dysregulated genes but can limit the exploration of biological pathways. In the present study, we proposed a gene coexpression analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with treatment response predisposition and their regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood samples of MDE and healthy control subjects. We used a discovery cohort that included 34 MDE patients that were given 12-week treatment with citalopram and 33 healthy controls. Two replication cohorts with similar design were also analyzed. Expression-based gene network was built to define clusters of highly correlated sets of genes, called modules. Association between each module’s first principal component of the expression data and clinical improvement was tested in the three cohorts. We conducted gene ontology analysis and miRNA prediction based on the module gene list. Nine of the 59 modules from the gene coexpression network were associated with clinical improvement. The association was partially replicated in other cohorts. Gene ontology analysis demonstrated that 4 modules were associated with cytokine production, acute inflammatory response or IL-8 functions. Finally, we found 414 miRNAs that may regulate one or several modules associated with clinical improvement. By contrast, only 12 miRNAs were predicted to specifically regulate modules unrelated to clinical improvement. Our gene coexpression analysis underlines the importance of inflammation-related pathways and the involvement of a large miRNA program as biological processes predisposing associated with antidepressant response.     

微小RNA与肿瘤耐药

 【摘要】　微小RNA （miRNA）是近年来在真核生物中发现的、在转录后水平负调控基因表达的一类长约22个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA。miRNA生物学效应广泛,与细胞生长、凋亡、新陈代谢和信号转导等密切相关。已报道miRNA在各种肿瘤中表达失常,可能发挥着癌基因和抑癌基因的双重作用,同时越来越多的研究表明miRNA在调节肿瘤细胞对抗肿瘤药物耐药方面发挥着重要作用。系统深入地研究miRNA在肿瘤耐药中的机制,将为发展基于miRNA逆转肿瘤耐药的治疗策略提供重要的依据。     

实时荧光定量PCR方法检测石蜡包埋组织microRNA表达的方法探讨

目的:探讨从石蜡包埋组织中运用实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)方法检测microRNA表达的可靠性和敏感性。方法:选取2005年至2010年从石河子大学医学院第一附属医院、新疆伊犁哈萨克族自治州友谊医院收集的97例福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋食管癌组织样本,提取组织总RNA,RT-PCR逆转录为cDNA,实时荧光定量PCR法检测microRNA表达。结果:97例食管癌组织样本中,RNA提取成功90例,7例失败,运用实时荧光定量PCR成功检测了83例microRNA表达,7例检测不准确。RNA提取成功率明显高于失败率,实时荧光定量PCR检出的定量准确例数高于定量不准确例数,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论:实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)方法是检测石蜡包埋组织中microRNA表达的一种有效方法。