Diagnostic impact of core-needle biopsy on fine-needle aspiration of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

We retrospectively reviewed 74 fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases of presumptive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). All the cases had cytology and core-needle biopsy and 53 cases had concurrent flow cytometric analysis. FNA (cytology and flow cytometry) and core-needle biopsy were evaluated independently. FNA was diagnostic of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) in 25% (13/53) of cases and small B-cell NHL in 15% (8/53) of cases, whereas core-needle biopsy was diagnostic of DLBL in 37% (27/74) of cases and small B-cell NHL in 8% (6/74) of cases. Subclassification of small B-cell NHL was reached in 3/6 cases by core-needle biopsy. Insufficient cases were observed in both FNA (47%; 25/53) and core-needle biopsy (28%; 21/74) groups. With the combination of FNA and core-needle biopsy, diagnostic cases of DLBL increased to 43% (32/74) and insufficient samples were reduced to 16% (12/74). There was no clear advantage in the diagnosis and classification of small B-cell NHL by adding core-needle biopsy to FNA (14%; 10/74). We conclude that core-needle biopsy is a useful adjunct to FNA in the diagnosis of DLBL and shall be encouraged. In small B-cell NHL, core-needle biopsy does not add to the diagnostic ability of FNA. Cases insufficient for diagnosis may be seen in both core-needle biopsy and FNA. A combined approach reduces the number of insufficient cases and is recommended in routine FNA practice.     

Psammoma bodies and optically clear nuclei in bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma. Diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy with histologic and ultrastructural confirmation

The fine needle aspiration cytology of two cases of bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung having unusual features is reported. One case demonstrated numerous psammoma bodies in the cytologic smears, whereas the other case showed an abundance of cells with optically clear nuclei. Both peripherally located tumors were resected and confirmed as primary bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma by histologic and ultrastructural examination. We believe this to be the first report describing these unusual features of bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. Presented is a discussion of psammoma bodies and optically clear nuclei seen in primary and metastatic tumors of the lung. This will aid in the diagnosis of these cases.     

Applications of CT-adapted stereotaxis for the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial lesions

Summary Two hundred twenty five patients with intracranial lesions underwent diagnostic and therapeutic stereotactic surgery during the period 1978–1985. In the first 98 cases target coordinates were determined by transferring the information from the CT images to the standard stereotactic films. In the remainder, a simple, CT adapted stereotactic system has been used. Operations were as a rule performed under local anaesthesia. Positive histological diagnosis using paraffin embedding was achieved in 96% of the patients (biopsy success rate). Therapeutic procedures included abscess and cyst aspiration, cyst shunting, interstitial (Ir 192) or intracavitary (Y 90) irradiation and ventriculocisternostomy. Stereotactic surgery implied a refinement of the eventual therapeutic management in 90% of the cases. Transient neurological deficit occurred in 5.7% of the patients and there were three deaths (mortality rate 1.3%). Infection or other complications were not seen. The rationale and indications for non-functional stereotaxis are discussed.     

互动式头针结合镜像疗法对脑卒中软瘫期上肢功能障碍的康复疗效

目的：探索脑卒中患者促进上肢运动功能恢复中头针与镜像疗法联合应用的临床价值。方法：选取株洲市中心医院2021年8月至2022年11月期间收治的60例脑卒中后上肢功能障碍患者,以随机分组的方式分为两组,每组30例。其中常规康复训练联合镜像治疗纳入对照组,在对照组基础上增加头针治疗纳入观察组。在治疗4周后,比较两组患者临床治疗有效性、Fugl–meyer运动功能评定量表（FMA）上肢部分评分以及Brunnstrom分期。结果：两组患者治疗后FMA评分均高于治疗前,且观察组患者治疗后FMA评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者治疗后上肢Brunnstrom运动功能分期结果优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（Z=–2.101,P <0.05）。观察组患者治疗后手Brunnstrom运动功能分期结果优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（Z=–2.152,P <0.05）。结论：在恢复早期,头针、镜像疗法与常规康复训练有效结合,对脑卒中患者软瘫期上肢运动功能恢复具有积极作用。     

心内科抗凝老年患者静脉留置针穿刺部位及留置长度探讨

目的探讨心内科抗凝老年患者静脉留置针不同穿刺部位及留置长度的临床效果。方法 196例心内科抗凝老年患者分为对照组(A1组、 A2组)和观察组(B1组、 B2组),选择不同穿刺部位及留置长度进行静脉留置针穿刺,观察各组的留置时间、不良事件发生情况。结果 B2组的留置针平均留置时间显著长于A2组,不良事件发生率显著低于A2组(P <0.05)。结论对于心内科抗凝老年患者,前臂中1/3段穿刺并保留导管2 mm在体外,能延长留置时间,降低不良事件发生率。     

低温等离子刀结合支撑喉镜对临床早期喉癌治疗的研究进展

耳鼻喉科较为常见的一种恶性肿瘤就是喉癌,该疾病男性发病率较女性更高,通常是女性总发病例数的7~10倍。临床上较为常见的肉瘤、腺癌等鳞癌在进行治疗时可根据患者病情的分期以及病变范围选择不同的术式。目前常见的几种术式为全部切除术、部分切除术和喉微创手术等。就治疗彻底性来说,全喉切除术最为彻底,但术后创伤极大,留有永久性的经气管造瘘,患者术后交流、发音以及呼吸功能均会受到极大的损伤,即便是进行部分切除,患者喉部整体功能也会受到影响。近些年来,喉部微创手术技术得以不断的更新和进步,对于早期喉癌患者来说,可以考虑采用微创手术进行治疗,该术式不但能将患者喉部的正常功能和组织有效保留,还能避免进行气管切开,术后没有颈部切口,患者接受度更高。文章对低温等离子刀结合支撑喉镜这一维持术式的研究进展作一综述。     

低温等离子刀用于声门型喉癌手术患者治疗中的临床效果分析

目的:探讨低温等离子刀用于声门型喉癌手术患者治疗中的临床效果。方法:随机选取2017年3月~2019年8月收治的74例声门型喉癌手术患者为研究主体,将其采用随机抽签的方式分组实施研究,每组各37例,抽取单号的对照组采用声门型常规喉癌部分切除术加以治疗,抽取双号的观察组采用低温等离子刀加以治疗,对比两组患者的手术指标及术后并发症发生情况。结果:观察组与对照组手术指标对比可知,前者术中出血量更少,手术时长及住院天数更短(P<0.05);观察组咯血1例,呼吸困难1例,并发症发生率为5.41%,对照组咯血3例,呼吸困难5例,并发症发生率为21.62%,组间差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:声门型喉癌患者采用低温等离子刀治疗可减少出血量,缩短手术时长及住院天数,减少并发症的发生,临床使用价值高。     

ABG动脉血气针与注射器在动脉血抽取中的效果分析

目的:探讨ABG动脉血气针与注射器在动脉血标本采集的临床效果。方法:搜集2019年2月~2019年6月本院62例患者同时行ABG动脉血气针抽取动脉血与一次性塑料注射器穿刺抽血方法进行比较,并依据抽血方式分为观察组与对照组,对比两组患者疼痛程度、患者满意度等指标。结果:观察组患者满意度91.9%(57/62)显著高于对照组患者80.6%(50/62),中度以上疼痛占比6.5%(4/62)显著低于对照组22.6%(14/62),差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论:ABG动脉血气针与注射器在动脉血标本采集过程中患者疼痛轻、采集标本满意,患者满意度高,更适用于动脉血采集。     

松针提取液对实验性高脂血症及脂质过氧化作用的影响

经 8周高脂乳剂饲养后 ,选高脂血症造模成功的家兔 1 5只 ,随机分为对照组、松针提取液小剂量治疗组 (实验Ⅰ组 )、松针提取液大剂量治疗组 (实验Ⅱ组 )。取血测TG、TC、MDA含量和SOD活性及总抗氧化活力。结果动物经松针提取液治疗后 ,血TC及MDA含量降低 ,SOD活性及总抗氧化活力升高 ,与对照组比较 ,治疗Ⅱ组的降脂作用和抗氧化能力更显著。结论 :松针提取液对高脂血症有较强的降脂和抗氧化作用。     

急性后颅窝血肿的微创穿刺术治疗

目的：探讨应用IL－2型特种针进行微创穿刺术治疗后颅窝血肿的可行性及临床应用。材料及方法：回顾性分析我们自1995年9月至1999年9月对28例后颅窝高血压性或外伤性脑内血肿及硬膜外血肿进行微创穿刺引流治疗的病例。结果：28例病例中除1例于穿刺成功后死于脑干功能衰竭外,其余病例均获成功,病人无后遗症,痊愈出院,其中1例伴发再出血,经血肿腔内止血药冲洗引流治疗再出血停止,结论：此穿刺针特点为针钻一体,解决了针在颅骨上固定问题,也解决了立体定向不能留置针管问题,微创穿刺方法治疗后颅窝血肿可避免传统后颅窝开颅手术,安全性高,疗效良好,操做简便,费用较低,易于在各级医院普遍开展,具有较大推广使用价值。