中医自我发展的哲学研究初探

中医与西医各有自身的思想轨道,所以在各自"自我"的视角上指责对方不可取;双方在哲学基础、身体观和方法论上自成体系,以现代西医理论解释中医只会使中医丧失了自我解释的能力。中西医两者沟通的渠道是实践的效果而非理论的解释。唯有保持自己的理论解释系统,中医的发展才有可能。     

创建信息中药学及其意义

中医基础理论现代化是中药现代化开发研究的基本前提。信息中医学提出以血液指纹图谱建立藏象信息模型体系,实现信息化处理海量生命信息的方法。以此为基础创建信息中药学,创造了适合中医药研究的生理病理模型,实现了中医学对实验动物属性的划分,创新中药药理学研究方法,实现中药基础理论研究客观化。对中药学进行了的重新分类,扩展了传统中药学的范围,更解决和发展了中药应用理论,有利于指导临床用药及开发新产品。     

磷酸氯喹片微生物限度检查方法适用性研究

目的:建立磷酸氯喹片微生物限度的限度检查方法.方法:按照《中国药典》2015年版通则1105、1106和1107,采用平皿法及培养基稀释法建立磷酸氯喹片的微生限度检查方法.结果:对4个厂家7批产品行常规平皿法检查,B、D厂家3次试验各菌株的回收均在0.5～2范围内;而A、C厂家检查,不能消除本品对铜绿假单胞菌或枯草芽孢...     

挖掘中医证候结构的方法学研究

从研究中医证候的发生规律入手,发现了中医证候内蕴的拓扑结构,形成了挖掘中医证候结构的拓扑学方法。这一方法学的优势体现在,可以实现中医证候信息完整保留基础上的分析运算,使证候结构拓扑分析结果的自然性与病机演变规律相吻合。运用拓扑学的方法,可以破解出中医证候的复杂结构,阐释中医证候判定标准的科学内涵,建立中医证候的判定诊断标准,形成"四特征五阶段"新辨证方法,并为探索中医证候的生物学基础提供理论依据;可以阐释中医理法方药精准对应的规律,建立中医辨证论治过程的可视化系统,形成辨证论治水平的评价体系;可以还原中医诊疗原型的基本结构,阐释中医诊疗原型系统,建立中医临床疗效评价体系。随着中医证候复杂结构的破解和释译,找到了中医证候理论的数学科学基础,使中医证候理论与现代科学有了对话与交流的结合点,有希望开启中医理论发展与临床实践的新时代。     

电泳法与高压液相亲和层析法测定HbA1c的方法学比较

目的对电泳法测定HbA1c进行方法学评价。方法收集56份标本分别用高压液相亲和层析法(HPLC)和电泳法检测。按照HPLC法检测结果将样本分为低、中、高三组,再使用电泳法测定。结果低值组中两种方法检测结果分别为(6.31±0.32)和(6.11±0.41),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),相关分析Y=0.94X+0.73(r=0.940,r2=0.884);中值组中两种方法检测结果分别为(8.49±0.75)和(8.35±0.77),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),相关分析Y=0.96X+0.94(r=0.962,r2=0.925);高值组中两种方法检测结果分别为(12.77±1.77)和(12.69±1.70),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论电泳法具有较好的精密度,两种方法相关性较好。     

大数据时代钱学森情报研究思想的方法论意义

目的：钱学森情报研究思想的方法论价值和大数据时代情报研究工作的指导意义。方法：通过对钱学森指导情报研究工作实践的研究,概括了钱学森情报研究思想的方法论特征,并结合大数据时代科技情报工作的发展与变化对钱学森情报研究思想在新时代的方法论意义进行了思考。结果：钱学森情报研究思想体现了高瞻远瞩的战略眼光、综合集成的情报研究思想、融会贯通的知识体系等重要特征。结论：大数据时代情报研究工作发生了深刻变化,钱学森情报研究思想是应对大数据时代情报研究发展变化的重要指导。     

中医临床诊疗指南制修订现状调研、分析与工作建议

背景 2014年底,国家中医药管理局政策法规与监督司开展中医临床诊疗指南制修订工作,对中医13个专科领域的240项中医临床诊疗指南项目进行制修订,中华中医药学会承担本部分工作。目的 为了解中医领域临床诊疗指南制修订现状,从方法学角度对项目组工作中存在的问题进行分析并给出建议,本项目组对中华中医药学会中医临床诊疗指南制修订项目组进行调研。方法 2020年6—12月,以中华中医药学会中医临床诊疗指南制修订项目组为调研对象,每个项目组人员填写一份问卷,汇集项目组整体意见。采用问卷星电子问卷,通过中华中医药学会工作文件的方式下发通知至各项目组进行调查,网络端收取调查结果。围绕调研主题,问卷内容包括5大方面：对中医临床诊疗指南的认识、指南制修订程序和方法学应用、指南制修订工作重点问题和关键环节、指南实施推广和应用情况、指南制修订工作情况整体调研。问卷为半结构化设计,共30个结构化问题、4个开放性问题。调研完成后对结果进行数据汇总与描述性分析。结果 本调研最终收回有效问卷198份,调研结果提示,在对中医临床诊疗指南的认识上,大多数项目组（94.45%,187/198）认为本领域内依然需要更多的中医...     

尿液自动分析、尿沉渣及尿常规镜检对尿中有形成份的对比分析

目的：观察尿常规、尿自动分析仪和尿沉渣对100例尿中有形成份检测的敏感性。方法：100例病人的尿标本分别进行干化学分析，尿沉渣镜检和尿常规镜检，根据检查结果与临床诊断作对比，了解其诊断的符合率。结果：三种方法红细胞，白细胞，管型检测均有差异（P＜0．05），其中：干化学法和尿沉渣镜检法对RBC的检出率明显高于常规法（P＜0．001），而干化学法与尿沉渣镜检法对RBC的检出无显著性差异（P＞0．05），尿沉渣镜检对WBC的检出率高于常规镜检及干化学法（P＜0．05），而常规镜检对WBC的检出率与干化学法无显著性差异（P＞0．05），尿沉渣镜检和尿常规镜检对管型的检出有显著性差异（P＜0．05），以尿沉渣的检出率为高，结论：尿沉渣检镜是三种方法中对尿有形成份检出最好的一种方法。     

Tissue microarrays: a current medical research tool

SUMMARY

Recent research in molecular biology has identified a significant number of novel markers, which may have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significance. This is particularly pertinent in the field of cancer. Validation of these markers in multiple clinical specimens is currently performed by traditional histopathological techniques, which are disappointingly time consuming, labour intensive and, therefore, economically costly. These limitations have hampered the introduction of many novel markers into everyday clinical practice. The tissue microarray (TMA) is a high throughput technique, which allows the rapid and cost

effective validation of novel markers in multiple pathological tissue specimens. Tissue from up to a 1000 histology blocks can be arrayed accurately onto a newly created paraffin block, at designated locations. Subsequently, morphological and molecular investigations can be performed to determine the clinical significance of the novel markers tested. It is now firmly established that the TMA can significantly accelerate the processing of a very large number of tissue specimens with excellent quality, good reliability and preservation of original tissue, with ultimate clinical benefit.     

Digital video analysis of health professionals’ interactions with an electronic whiteboard: A longitudinal,naturalistic study of changes to user interactions

As hospital departments continue to introduce electronic whiteboards in real clinical settings a range of human factor issues have emerged and it has become clear that there is a need for improved methods for designing and testing these systems. In this study, we employed a longitudinal and naturalistic method in the usability evaluation of an electronic whiteboard system. The goal of the evaluation was to explore the extent to which usability issues experienced by users change as they gain more experience with the system. In addition, the paper explores the use of a new approach to collection and analysis of continuous digital video recordings of naturalistic “live” user interactions. The method developed and employed in the study included recording the users’ interactions with system during actual use using screen-capturing software and analyzing these recordings for usability issues. In this paper we describe and discuss both the method and the results of the evaluation. We found that the electronic whiteboard system contains system-related usability issues that did not change over time as the clinicians collectively gained more experience with the system. Furthermore, we also found user-related issues that seemed to change as the users gained more experience and we discuss the underlying reasons for these changes. We also found that the method used in the study has certain advantages over traditional usability evaluation methods, including the ability to collect analyze live user data over time. However, challenges and drawbacks to using the method (including the time taken for analysis and logistical issues in doing live recordings) should be considered before utilizing a similar approach. In conclusion we summarize our findings and call for an increased focus on longitudinal and naturalistic evaluations of health information systems and encourage others to apply and refine the method utilized in this study.