牙龈癌微血管密度及血管内皮生长因子表达的意义

目的 :研究牙龈鳞状细胞癌组织中微血管密度 (MVD)及血管内皮生长因子 (VGEF)的表达和意义。方法 :采用CD3 4单克隆抗体和VEGF多克隆抗体 ,用免疫组化S -P法对 42例牙龈鳞状细胞癌标本进行免疫组化染色。结果 :牙龈癌组织MVD与正常牙龈组织MVD两者差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 5)。有淋巴结转移的牙龈癌MVD与无淋巴结转移的牙龈癌MVD ,两者之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。牙龈癌组织中VEGF表达阳性率为 71.43 % ,正常牙龈组织中VEGF表达阳性率为 2 5.0 0 % ,两者之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。有淋巴结转移组VEGF阳性率为 83 .3 3 % ,高于无淋巴结转移组VEGF阳性率 (66.67% ) ,两者之间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。VEGF阳性牙龈癌MVD高于VEGF阴性牙龈癌MVD ,两者之间差异有显著性(P <0 .0 2 )。结论 :肿瘤的血管生成在牙龈癌的发生过程中起一定作用。MVD与牙龈癌淋巴结转移及VEGF表达有密切联系     

转移性腺样囊性癌细胞纤连蛋白和硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白多糖mRNA的表达

目的：比较纤连蛋白(FN)和硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白多糖(HSPG)mRNA在高转移腺样囊性癌细胞系ACCM和低转移细胞系ACC，的表达，探讨其与腺样囊性癌转移的关系。方法：获取培养第2、4、6、8天的ACC：和ACCM mRNA样本，合成cDNA，用实时RT—PCR测定FN和HSPG的量。结果：培养第2、4、6、8天ACCM FNmRNA的值为0．14、0．25、1．50、1．65，而ACC，的值为0．03、0．06、0．09、0．18。HSPG mRNA在ACCM第2、4、6、8天的值分别为0．35、0．32、0．41、0．65，而ACC，为0．07、0．10、0．29、0．75。ACCM细胞的FN和HSPG mRNA表达明显高于ACC2。结论：ACCM的FN和HSPG mRNA高表达与肿瘤转移表型关系密切。     

Overexpression of c-Abl predicts unfavorable outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer

Objectives

Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) has been shown to promote solid tumor invasion and metastasis. However, little is known regarding whether c-Abl contributes to the development or progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The aims of this study are to determine the expression of c-Abl and investigate a possible relationship between c-Abl and prognosis in EOC.

Methods

c-Abl protein level was evaluated in 137 EOC specimens by immunohistochemical staining and 32 EOC specimens by Western blot analysis. Expression of c-Abl in ovarian cancer cell lines was measured by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Survival analysis was performed to assess the correlation between c-Abl expression and survival.

Results

Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis revealed that c-Abl was overexpressed in EOC compared with samples from a non-invasive ovarian tumor and normal ovaries (P < 0.05). Furthermore, expression of c-Abl was significantly associated with advanced FIGO stage, poor grade, serum Ca-125 and residual tumor size (P < 0.05). By Western blot analysis, c-Abl expression was examined in four ovarian cancer cell lines. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence was performed to show c-Abl expression in SKOV3 and 3AO cell lines. Survival analysis demonstrated that patients with low c-Abl staining had a significantly better survival compared to patients with high c-Abl staining (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, c-Abl overexpression, poor grade, advanced stage and suboptimal surgical debulking were independent prognostic factors of poor survival.

Conclusions

Our present study finds that c-Abl overexpression is associated with an unfavorable outcome. c-Abl may be a crucial predictor for EOC metastasis.     

Twist与E-cadherin在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达及意义

目的:检测转录因子(Twist)及上皮钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达水平,探讨两者在子宫内膜样腺癌的发生发展中的作用.方法:利用免疫组化方法检测36例子宫内膜样腺癌及20例正常子宫内膜组织中Twist及E-cadherin的表达情况,分析两者与子宫内膜样腺癌临床病理参数的关系.结果:Twist在子宫内膜样腺癌组织中的阳性表达率(91.7％)显著高于正常子宫内膜组织(35.0％),其差异有统计学意义(U=3.856,P=0.000);而E-cadherin在正常子宫内膜中的阳性表达率(100.0％)明显高于在子宫内膜样腺癌组织(44.4％),差异有统计学意义(U=3.725,P=0.000).Twist在子宫内膜样腺癌组织中的表达与组织学分级(x2=8.806,P=0.012)及肌层浸润程度(U=2.31,P=0.021)有关.E-cadherin的表达与子宫内膜样腺癌组织学分级(x2=7.069,P=0.029)、肌层浸润深度(U=2.086,P=0.037)、临床FIGO分期(U =2.569,P=0.010)及有无淋巴结转移(U=2.263,P=0.024)有关.Twist表达与E-cadherin表达呈负相关(r=-0.446,P=0.006).结论:Twist在子宫内膜样腺癌的表达增高,而E-cadherin的表达降低.两者在子宫内膜样腺癌发生发展过程中起着一定的作用,两者之间存在着一定的联系.     

The prognostic value of the expression of collagenase IV, cathepsin D and metallothionein in squamous cell carcinomas of the skin determined by immunohistochemistry

Abstract  We analyzed 53 specimens from primary squamous cell carcinomas of the skin for the expression of collagenase IV, cathepsin D and metallothionein by means of immunohistochemistry along with histological data. We compared tumors that metastasized (30) with tumors that did not (23) during a follow-up period of at least 5 years. The expression of the two proteolytic enzymes cathepsin D and collagenase IV was also assessed at the invading front of the tumors. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences for the overall expression of cathepsin D (P < 0.05), expression of cathepsin at the invading front (P < 0.05) and the tumor thickness (P < 0.01). The results showed that cathepsin D may be a prognostic factor for squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. We then combined the results of parameters with statistically significant differences by multiplication. The prognostic value of such a combined risk-factor score showed higher confidence than any of the single parameters alone: a sensitivity of 63.3%, a specificity of 87.0% and an efficiency of 73.6%. This kind of combined risk-factor score might be used to more accurately detect patients at high risk of metastasis. Received: 16 June 2000 / Revised: 1 September 2000 / Accepted: 10 December 2000     

肺良性转移性平滑肌瘤4例临床分析

目的复习肺良性转移性平滑肌瘤(BML)的临床病理特点及探讨其发病机制。方法收集2002年以来病理学诊断的4例肺良性转移性平滑肌瘤患者,结合文献复习该病临床表现、病理学特点、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后及其发病机制。结果 1例同时发现子宫肌瘤及肺内病灶;3例既往有子宫肌瘤病史。4例患者影像表现为单发或多发大小不一的肺内结节。肺内组织病理形态与子宫肌瘤相似,免疫组化vimentin、desmin、SMA、actin、ER、PR均阳性。诊断该病后3例行双侧卵巢切除术,1例服用中药治疗,随访至今,去势治疗3例疾病更稳定。结论肺良性转移性平滑肌瘤非常罕见,发病机制欠清楚,常与子宫肌瘤先后或同时出现,目前治疗还没有明确的共识,去势治疗的患者肺内病灶比观察的患者稳定。一般预后较好。     

Metastatic retropharyngeal lymph nodes: Comparison of CT and MR imaging for diagnostic accuracy

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracies of CT and MR imaging for the detection of metastatic retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs) in patients with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Materials and methods

The study included 38 patients (28 men and 10 women; mean age, 65 years; age range, 48–82 years) with nasopharyngeal (n = 15) and oropharyngeal (n = 23) SCC who underwent both contrast-enhanced CT and MR imaging before chemoradiotherapy. RLNs were classified as malignant or benign on the basis of the results of follow-up MR imaging. Two radiologists independently evaluated the images for diagnosing metastatic RLNs.

Results

Among a total of 68 RLNs (minimum diameter, ≥4 mm) that were detected on gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images, 30 (44%) were malignant and 38 (56%) were benign. The sensitivities of CT versus MRI were 60% versus 97% for observer 1 (p < 0.01) and 37% versus 90% for observer 2 (p < 0.01). The specificities of CT versus MRI were 92% versus 97% for observer 1 (p = 0.50) and 92% versus 100% for observer 2 (p = 0.25). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for CT versus MRI were 0.788 versus 0.996 for observer 1 (p < 0.01) and 0.693 versus 0.961 for observer 2 (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

MR imaging was superior to CT for the detection of metastatic RLNs.     

Breast Metastases from Extramammary Malignancies: Typical and Atypical Ultrasound Features

Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies are uncommon. The most common sources are lymphomas/leukemias and melanomas. Some of the less common sources include carcinomas of the lung, ovary, and stomach, and infrequently, carcinoid tumors, hypernephromas, carcinomas of the liver, tonsil, pleura, pancreas, cervix, perineum, endometrium and bladder. Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies have both hematogenous and lymphatic routes. According to their routes, there are common radiological features of metastatic diseases of the breast, but the features are not specific for metastases. Typical ultrasound (US) features of hematogenous metastases include single or multiple, round to oval shaped, well-circumscribed hypoechoic masses without spiculations, calcifications, or architectural distortion; these masses are commonly located superficially in subcutaneous tissue or immediately adjacent to the breast parenchyma that is relatively rich in blood supply. Typical US features of lymphatic breast metastases include diffusely and heterogeneously increased echogenicities in subcutaneous fat and glandular tissue and a thick trabecular pattern with secondary skin thickening, lymphedema, and lymph node enlargement. However, lesions show variable US features in some cases, and differentiation of these lesions from primary breast cancer or from benign lesions is difficult. In this review, we demonstrate various US appearances of breast metastases from extramammary malignancies as typical and atypical features, based on the results of US and other imaging studies performed at our institution. Awareness of the typical and atypical imaging features of these lesions may be helpful to diagnose metastatic lesions of the breast.     

RON (recepteur d’origine nantais) expression and its association with tumor progression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

ObjectivesSeveral human tumor tissues show an aberrant expression and activation of recepteur d’origine nantais (RON). In this paper, we investigate the expression of RON in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and evaluate whether RON affects the tumor cell progression in human laryngeal SCC cell line.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was used to assess RON expression in human laryngeal SCC. To evaluate the impact of RON knockdown, the cell invasion assay and cell migration assay using small-interfering RNA were performed.ResultsThe expression of RON protein was dominantly observed in laryngeal SCC tissues relative to adjacent normal mucosa in all cases. Knockdown of RON resulted in significantly reduced cell invasion in human laryngeal SCC cells. Cell migration showed a marked decrease in RON knockdown laryngeal SCC cells compared to the negative control laryngeal SCC cells. Laryngeal SCC cell migration was enhanced by incubation with macrophage stimulating protein (MSP).ConclusionRON is highly expressed in human laryngeal SCC. We suggest that RON plays an important role in invasion, and metastasis of laryngeal SCC.