逆转录病毒介导的c-met-小干扰RNA抑制肝癌转移的体内研究

我们对c-met与肝癌的临床病理因素的关系进行了分析，明确了c-met与肝癌转移有关联。此前也通过逆转录病毒载体介导，成功建立了表达c-met-siRNA的肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H／c-met-siRNA，并证实逆转录病毒载体能长期、稳定表达针对靶基因c-met的siRNA，因此，本研究拟进一步在体内研究c-met-siRNA对肝癌生长、转移的影响，以期为c-met-siRNA应用于临床防治肝癌转移复发提供实验依据。     

伴淋巴结鳞状细胞癌转移的梭形细胞肌上皮癌临床病理分析

目的 探讨伴淋巴结鳞状细胞癌转移的梭形细胞肌上皮癌病理特征、诊断和鉴别诊断,提高对该肿瘤的诊断水平.方法 对1例颌下腺梭形细胞肌上皮癌及颈清扫淋巴结进行组织形态学和免疫组化观察,并结合文献复习.结果 肿瘤主要由梭形细胞构成,细胞排列紧密,异型性明显,分裂相易见伴大片坏死及玻璃样变.经广泛取材,见到少许小管样结构及小灶状鳞状细胞癌成分.颈清扫淋巴结可见鳞状细胞癌转移.免疫组化显示,梭形肿瘤细胞:SMA、Desmin灶状阳性,p53强阳性,CK(AE1/AE3)、S-100、CD34、GFAP、CD10、HMB45均为阴性;淋巴结转移癌成分CK(AE1/AE3)阳性、SMA阴性.结论 肌上皮癌属于罕见的恶性肿瘤,梭形细胞为主的肌上皮癌,其淋巴结转移癌的形态可以与肿瘤主体细胞的形态截然不同.根据组织学特点,结合免疫组化及电镜观察,可以作出明确诊断及鉴别诊断.     

Long-term survival after removal of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor originating in the anterior mediastinum

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs; malignant schwannomas) rarely occur in the anterior mediastinum, and their prognosis is poor. A 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital for examination of an anterior mediastinal tumor. A computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy revealed only fibrosis. The tumor was completely excised via a median sternotomy with partial resection of the pericardium and right upper lobe of the lung. Thereafter, the tumor was diagnosed as a storiform-pleomorphic type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. At 1 year after the surgery, a distant metastasis was found in the interlobular space between the right middle and lower lobes. The tumor was completely excised via a right posterolateral thoracotomy. Reexamination of the primary and secondary tumors revealed an MPNST. No recurrence was found up to 5 years after the second surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. However, he died from multiple lung metastases after 6 years.     

Tiam 1与胃癌细胞侵袭转移及与裸鼠移植瘤形成的关系

摘要：目的 检测胃癌细胞中T淋巴瘤侵袭转移诱导因子 1(Tiam 1)的表达，并分析其与胃癌细胞离体、在体侵袭转移能力的关系。方法 采用层粘连蛋白黏附法，由胃癌MKN 45细胞株(M0)中筛选获得高(MH)、低(ML)黏附亚株。应用RT PCR和定量细胞ELISA技术分别检测Tiam 1 mRNA与蛋白在M0，ML，MH细胞中的表达；应用Boyden小室法测定M0，ML，MH细胞的离体侵袭移行能力，并分析其与Tiam 1表达的关系。应用裸鼠接种法观察M0，ML，MH细胞的在体成瘤及转移能力。结果 MH细胞中Tiam 1 mRNA(RV=0.855±0.051)与蛋白的表达(RD=1.262±0.165)以及其离体侵袭转移能力(24.33±8.02，52.00±14.53)、在体裸鼠肺转移率(4/5=80%)均较M0细胞(RV=0.759±0.047，RD=0.911±0.104，11.67±3.79，26.00±9.54，2/5=40%)，ML细胞(RV=0.743±0.039，RD=0.892±0.101，9.67±3.06，23.67±8.50，1/5=20%)为强，统计学差异显著(P< 0.05)，但在M0，ML细胞间无统计学差异(P> 0.05)；Tiam 1表达水平与胃癌细胞的侵袭转移能力呈完全及高度正相关(P< 0.05)。结论 Tiam 1表达水平升高有可能促进胃癌细胞侵袭转移能力的增强。     

Antimetastatic Activity of Polymeric RGDT Peptides Conjugated with Poly(ethylene glycol)

Polymeric peptides containing defined repetitive or cyclic structures of RGDT sequence, (RGDT)_n (n = 1 to 11) and cyclo(RGDT)_n (n=2 to 4), at a dose of 500 μg exhibited an inhibitory effect on experimental lung metastasis upon co-injection with tumor cells and the magnitude of the effect increased in parallel with the increase of degree of repetition of the RGDT sequence. The conjugation of (RGDT)_n (n = 1, 5, 11) with poly(ethylene glycol), PEG as a polymeric carrier led to enhanced inhibition of lung metastasis in proportion to the degree of RGDT sequence repetition and in a dose-dependent manner. Multiple i.v. administrations of PEG-(RGDT)₁₁, at 2-day and 3-day intervals before the excision of primary tumors, effectively inhibited spontaneous lung metastasis by s.c. inoculation of tumors, whereas (RGDT)₁₁ exhibited inhibition of lung metastasis only when given at 2-day intervals. This indicates that the conjugation of PEG with (RGDT)_n allowed the prolongation of administration interval, implying a sustained inhibitory effect on tumor metastasis. In support of this supposition, a decrease in the arrest of radiolabeled tumor cells in the lungs was observed when PEG-(RGDT)₁₁ was co-injected i.v. with tumor cells, or injected i.v. one day before tumor inoculation. In contrast, (RGDT)₁₁ significantly inhibited the tumor cell arrest in the lungs only upon co-injection with tumor cells. We also noted that (RGDT)_n, cyclo(RGDT)_n and PEG-(RGDT)₁₁ inhibited tumor cell invasion into Matrigel in a concentration-dependent manner and in proportion to the degree of RGDT sequence repetition, indicating that the peptide-mediated antimetastatic effect is partly associated with the anti-invasive potential. Thus, the conjugation of anti-cell adhesive and antimetastatic RGDT peptide with PEG might provide a therapeutically promising basis for the prevention of cancer metastasis (“anti adhesion therapy”).     

卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的CT诊断（附三例报告）

作者报告了三例经手术病理证实的卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的临床及CT表现，分析了其中2例经化疗后转移的CT特点，CT主要表现为：（1）盆腔内囊实性肿块，部分肿块内有钙化；（2）肉膜饼状转移。（3）脏器的浆膜及系膜播散；（4）钙化性转移，CT对本病的诊断与分期均优于临床检查。     

肝癌的介入放射治疗

作者对８６５例行介入放射治疗的肝癌（７７３例原发性，９２例转移性）进行放射形态学的观察。将病例分为三组：巨块型４５７例，结节型１２４例和弥散型２８４例。介入疗法包括：一次或重复化疗药物栓塞或肝动脉灌注，临床症状明显改善。术后平均存活期１４．８个月。同时也观察了因栓塞及各类不同栓塞剂而引起的明显并发症。同时讨论了患者存活期以及重复栓塞和肝转移性肿瘤的某些特性，并着重讨论过去认为单用化疗药物肝动脉灌注治疗效果不好的转移性肝癌与同时使用栓塞治疗的不同效果。     

非小细胞肺癌转移预测指标的研究

目的 :研究非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)淋巴结和远处转移的预测指标 ,并建立Logistic回归模型。　 方法 :通过免疫组化、ELISA、酶谱电泳等方法 ,对NSCLC肿瘤病理标本、血清、尿液和骨髓等进行检查 ,并通过Logistic回归分析建立预测概率模型。　结果 :免疫组化指标肿瘤组织内微血管密度 (IMVD)、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (b FGF)、白细胞分化抗原变异型 (CD4 4v6 )、基质金属蛋白酶 2 (MMP 2 )与NSCLC淋巴结转移危险有关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,组织金属蛋白酶抑制物 (TIMP 2 )、上皮型钙粘素 (E cad)与NSCLC淋巴结转移危险下降有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。血清MMP 2、MMP 9,尿液MMP 2、MMP 9及骨髓上皮膜抗原 (EMA)阳性细胞与NSCLC远处转移危险有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。其中免疫组化指标CD4 4v6、IMVD、E cad及尿液MMP 2、骨髓EMA阳性细胞对NSCLC转移有显著回归效果而分别被选入概率模型 1和 2 ,其预测准确率分别为 81.1%和 72 .7%。　结论 :组织标本中CD4 4v6、IMVD、E cad以及尿液中MMP 2及骨髓EMA阳性细胞检查 ,可预测绝大多数NSCLC的淋巴结转移和远处转移状况 ,为NSCLC转移的早期诊断提供重要信息 ,有助于NSCLC的个体化治疗和改善预后     

Laryngeal pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma

A case of an extremely unusual tumor of the larynx, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, is presented with a review of literature. This is the fifth case of this malignancy described in the larynx in the English language literature. A histopathological diagnosis was made with immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. In contrast to other reported cases, the tumor in the present case had a very aggressive behavior. Despite radical surgery involving total laryngectomy and neck dissection followed by radiation therapy, the patient died of disease 8 months following treatment. Received: 14 March 1997 / Accepted: 23 January 1998     

rasP21在人乳腺良恶性病变中表达的研究

目的探讨ras基因在人乳腺癌及良性疾患组织中的表达情况及其与淋巴结转移等预后因素之间的关系。方法乳腺组织标本共万例，以昆抗人之panras单抗IgG2b及免疫组化方法检测ras基因在乳腺组织中的表达产物。结果rasP21位于胞浆；rasP21在乳腺癌中表达率为63．6％，而在所有良性乳腺疾患中仅1例阳性；rasP21表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移正相关，且同一病人13对原发灶及淋巴结转移灶配对标本中有9对表达一致。结论rasP21的检测在评估乳腺癌淋巴转移及良恶性病变上有肯定意义，P21是评估乳腺癌患者预后有价值的生物学指标。