Successful embolization of a large superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm emerging during anticoagulant therapy

Gross hemorrhage is the most serious complication of anticoagulant therapy. We report the discovery and treatment of a large pseudoaneurysm of the superior gluteal artery in one patient who had been receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. We diagnosed the pseudoaneurysm by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and embolized the artery with stainless steel coils. The exact cause of the pseudoaneurysm remains unclear, however, minor trauma appears most likely.     

核素显像对小儿消化道出血的病因诊断

目的探讨核素显像对小儿消化道出血，特别是对Ｍｅｃｋｅｌ憩室、肠重复畸形的病因诊断的价值。方法对２６例腹痛、便血为主要症状的患儿行９９ｍ锝酸盐（９９ｍＴｃＯ－４）显像，其中１２例显像阴性者于检查后２４小时有活动性出血者，再行９９ｍ锝标记红细胞显像。所有病例的诊断均经手术、病理及内窥镜等检查所证实。结果９９ｍＴｃＯ－４显像诊断Ｍｅｃｋｅｌ憩室和肠重复畸形的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为８５．７％（１２／１４）、９１．７％（１１／１２）及８８．５％（２３／２６）。结论核素显像具有无创、方法简单易行等特点，特别是对异位胃粘膜诊断具有较好的灵敏性和特异性。核素显像可作为下消化道出血病因诊断的有效方法。     

Intracerebroventricular injection of choline increases plasma oxytocin levels in conscious rats

In the present study, we examined the effect of intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) injected choline on both basal and stimulated oxytocin release in conscious rats. I.c.v. injection of choline (50–150 μg) caused time- and dose-dependent increases in plasma oxytocin levels under normal conditions. The increase in plasma oxytocin levels in response to i.c.v. choline (150 μg) was greatly attenuated by the pretreatment of rats with atropine (10 μg; i.c.v.), muscarinic receptor antagonist. Mecamylamine (50 μg; i.c.v.), a nicotinic receptor antagonist, failed to suppress the effect of 150 μg choline on oxytocin levels. Pretreatment of rats with 20 μg of hemicholinium-3 (HC-3), a specific inhibitor of choline uptake into nerve terminals, greatly attenuated the increase in plasma oxytocin levels in response to i.c.v. choline injection. Osmotic stimuli induced by either oral administration of 1 ml hypertonic saline (3 M) following 24-h dehydration of rats (type 1) or an i.c.v. injection of hypertonic saline (1 M) (type 2) increased plasma oxytocin levels significantly, but hemorrhage did not alter basal oxytocin concentrations. The i.c.v. injection of choline (50, 150 μg) under these conditions caused an additional and significant increase in plasma oxytocin concentrations beyond that produced by choline in normal conditions. These data show that choline can increase plasma oxytocin concentrations through the stimulation of central cholinergic muscarinic receptors by presynaptic mechanisms and enhance the stimulated oxytocin release.     

Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血的评价(附6例报告)

目的:评价直肠癌根治术中用Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血(MPVP)的临床价值。方法:分析1995~2005年用Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血6例的临床资料。结果:6例骶前大出血中全部用Foley尿管气囊压迫控制出血,术中出血量为800~1700mL,Foley尿管于术后4d拔除3例,5d1例,6d2例,均无再出血,会阴切口均一期愈合。结论:Foley尿管气囊压迫治疗骶前静脉丛大出血是一种简单安全有效的治疗方法。     

老年人上消化道出血104例临床分析

分析104例60岁以上的老年人上消化道出血的病因,依次为急性胃粘膜病变,上消化道肿瘤,消化性溃疡及门脉高压。手术治疗效果优于内科保守治疗,而保守治疗又以甲氰咪胍效果较好。     

脑动静脉畸形的供应动脉及导出静脉与出血危险性的关系

本文通过分析５０例脑动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）的全脑数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）资料及手术探查结果，探讨ＡＶＭ的深、浅及供血、引流血管数量与出血发生率的关系。经统计比较发现：深部较浅部ＡＶＭ出血率高；供应动脉条数多于导出静脉条数者及仅有单条导出静脉出血率最高，并与其他组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５、Ｐ＜０．０１）。因此，我们认为：在临床工作中对这些ＡＶＭ患者应给予足够的重视。     

乌司他丁对门脉高压症出血病人肝功能的保护作用

目的　探讨门脉高压症出血病人肝功能变化情况 ,同时评价应用乌司他丁 (Ulinastatin ,UTI)治疗的效果。方法　将 4 6例肝硬化门脉高压症出血病人分为两组 :Ⅰ组 (n =2 2 )为一般治疗组 ,Ⅱ组 (n =2 4 )为UTI治疗组 ,分别检测Ⅰ、Ⅱ组出血后 1,2 ,4 ,7,10 ,14d血ET变化情况 ,并检测1,7,14d的肝功能。另选肝硬化门脉高压症未出血病人 (n =2 0 ) ,检测血浆ET ,作为对照组。结果　出血后 7,14d ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组总胆红素 (TBIL)均呈先升高后下降 ,但Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组下降快 (分别P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。ALT、AST亦呈先升高后下降 ,但于出血后 14日Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组下降快 (P <0 0 5 )。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组出血后 1d血ET浓度较对照组显著升高 (P <0 0 1) ,随后逐步下降。Ⅱ组ET下降较Ⅰ组快 ,于出血后 2d(P <0 0 5 )、4d (P <0 0 1)、7d(P <0 0 5 )有显著差异。出血后 1dⅠ、Ⅱ组ET浓度与TBIL呈正相关 (r=0 734,P <0 0 1) ;Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血ET下降指数与TBIL增高指数呈负相关 (r =- 0 4 86 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　肝硬化门脉高压症大出血后应用UTI治疗可抑制TBIL、ALT、AST、ET等的升高 ,起到保护肝脏功能的作用。     

产后出血的预防和护理（附117例分析）

目的探讨产后出血的原因与护理、预防的方法，确保产妇安全。方法回顾性分析本组产妇分娩后大出血的病情观察、护理、治疗和预防的方法。结果经过精心护理和积极治疗，及时止血，解除了病人的紧张情绪，117例病人平均住院8d，均痊愈出院。结论加强对产妇，特别是产后出血病人的护理，对预防和及时控制出血，加快病人康复有重要意义。     

善宁治疗顽固性大咯血疗效观察

目的 评价善宁对顽固性大咯血的疗效。方法 将55例传统药物抢救无效或有禁忌的大咯血分为治疗组（善宁）与对照组（立止血组），观察24—72h的止血效果。结果 治疗组总有效率为92％，对照组为70％，两组比较有显著差异p〈0．05（x^2=4．125）。结论 善宁治疗大咯血疗效显著，使用安全，不良反应少，值得临床推广应用。     

中药865液对创伤性出血止血效果的实验研究

通过应用不同浓度的865液对家兔,家犬创伤性出血的止血效果实验观察、组织愈合的病理学检查和抑菌试验,结果表明:865液对创伤性出血有肯定的止血效果,对组织愈合无影响,同时还有明显的抑菌作用,为外伤性出血或术中手术野渗血觅得了新的止血措施。