激光联合重组人干扰素α-2b凝胶治疗尖锐湿疣的临床研究

目的:研究激光联合重组人干扰素α-2b凝胶治疗尖锐湿疣(CA)的临床疗效;方法:选择2014年1月至2014年12月我院收治的尖锐湿疣患者96例,依据随机数字表法分为实验组与对照组各48例,两组性别、年龄、病程等基线资料比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。实验组以激光联合重组人干扰素α-2b凝胶治疗,对照组以5-氨基酮戊酸光动力(ALA-PDT)联合液氮冷冻治疗。观察两组临床疗效、复发及复发患者疣体个数与不良反应;结果:实验组治疗总有效率(89.58%)与对照组(83.33%)比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。跟踪回访6个月,实验组复发率(6.98%)与对照组(7.14%)比较无统计学差异(P0.05),两组复发患者疣体个数之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。实验组总不良反应发生率(10.42%)与对照组(6.25%)比较无统计学差异(P0.05);实验组治疗费用(1.45±0.53)千元显著低于对照组(6.05±0.74)千元,存在统计学意义(P0.05);结论:激光联合重组人干扰素α-2b凝胶治疗尖锐湿疣疗效均较为显著,且复发率低,在经济上更具有优势,值得应用与临床。     

Formulation and optimization of potassium iodide tablets

The use of potassium iodide (KI) as a protective agent against accidental radioactive exposure is well established. In this study, we aimed to prepare a KI tablet formulation using a direct compression method. We utilized Design of Experiment (DoE)/mixture design to define the best formulation with predetermined physical qualities as to its dissolution, hardness, assay, disintegration, and angle of repose. Based on the results from the DoE, the formulation had the following components (%w/w): Avicel 48.70%, silicon dioxide 0.27%, stearic acid (1.00%), magnesium stearate 2.45%, and dicalcium phosphate 18.69%, in addition to potassium iodide 28.89% (130 mg/tablet). This formulation was scaled-up using two tablet presses, a single-punch press and a rotary mini tablet press. The final scaled-up formulation was subjected to a variety of quality control tests, including photo-stability testing. The results indicate that potassium iodide tablets prepared by a rotary mini tablet press had good pharmaceutical characteristics and a shelf-life of 25 days when stored at room temperature protected from light.     

庄国康教授运用重潜搜风法治疗顽固性皮肤瘙痒的经验

瘙痒是皮肤科最常见症状,而顽固性瘙痒因其瘙痒剧烈、夜不能寐、持续时间长,常规中西医治疗无效,更是临床治疗的难点。庄国康教授在50余年的临床皮肤病诊疗过程中,积累了丰富而又宝贵的临床经验,认为痒必挟风,而顽固性瘙痒多伴情志失调,肝失疏泄,心神浮越,风火相煽,常规祛风之法疗效不显,故治疗多从心肝入手,运用重潜搜风法,选择金石和介壳类药物生龙骨、生牡蛎、石决明、珍珠母、灵磁石等为主确立核心处方,并根据皮疹颜色、形态以及患者整体辨证灵活配伍,取得了满意疗效。     

Characterization of Hybrid Materials Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for Biomedical Implementations. A Critical Review

The interaction between tissues and biomaterials (BM) has the purpose of improving and replacing anatomical parts of the human body, avoiding the occurrence of adverse reactions in the host organism. Unfortunately, the early failure of implants cannot be currently avoided, since neither a good mixture of mechanical and chemical characteristics of materials nor their biocompatibility has been yet achieved. Bioactive glasses are recognized to be a fine class of bioactive substances for good repair and replacement. BM interact with living bones through the formation of a hydroxyapatite surface layer that is analogous to bones. Bioglasses’ composition noticeably affects their biological properties, as does the synthesis method, with the best one being the versatile sol-gel technique, which includes the change of scheme from a ‘sol’ fluid into a ‘gel’. This process is widely used to prepare many materials for biomedical implants (e.g., hip and knee prostheses, heart valves, and ceramic, glassy and hybrid materials to serve as carriers for drug release). Nanoparticles prepared by the sol-gel method are interesting systems for biomedical implementations, and particularly useful for cancer therapy. This review provides many examples concerning the synthesis and characterization of the above-mentioned materials either taken from literature and from recently prepared zirconia/polyethylene glycol (PEG) hybrids, and the corresponding results are extensively discussed.     

Focusing on functional knee parameter determination to develop a better clinical gait analysis protocol

BackgroundAttempts to improve protocol standards of marker-based clinical gait analysis (CGA) have been one of the main focuses of research to enhance robustness and reliability outcomes since the 1990s. Determining joint centres and axes constitutes an important aspect of those protocols. Although the hip joint is more prominent in such studies, knee joint center (KJC) and axis (KJA) directly affect all outcomes.Research questionWhat recommendations arise from the study of the scientific literature for determining knee joint parameters (KJP) for protocols of CGA?MethodsA systematic, electronic search was conducted on November 2018 using three databases with the keyword combination (“functional approach” OR “functional method” OR “functional calibration”) AND (“hip joint” OR “knee joint” OR “ankle joint”) and analyzed by four reviewers. Given the existence of a recent review about the hip joint and the lack of material about the ankle joint, only papers about the knee joint were kept. The references cited in the selected papers were also screened in the final round of the search for these publications.The quality of the selected papers was assessed and aspects regarding accuracy, repeatability, and feasibility were thoroughly considered to allow for a comparison between studies. Technical aspects, such as marker set choice, KJP determination techniques, demographics, and functional movements, were also included.ResultsThirty-one papers were included and on average received a rating of about 75 % according to the quality scale used. The results showed that functional methods are superior or equivalent to predictive methods to estimate the KJA, while a regression method was slightly better for KJC prediction.SignificanceCalibration methods should be applied to CGA whenever feasibility is reached. No study to date has focused on evaluating the in vivo RoM required to obtain reliable and repeatable results and future work should aim in this direction.     

The influence of unilateral disc displacement on stress in the contralateral joint with a normally positioned disc in a human temporomandibular joint: An analytic approach using the finite element method

ObjectivesTo investigate the influence of unilateral disc displacement (DD) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) on the stress in the contralateral joint, with a normally-positioned disc, during clenching.Study designA finite element model of the TMJ was constructed based on MRI and 3D-CT of a single patient with a unilateral DD. A second model with bilateral normally-positioned discs served as a reference. The differences in stress distribution in various TMJ components during clenching were predicted with these models.ResultsIn the unaffected joint of the unilateral DD model, the largest von Mises stress at the start of clenching was predicted in the inferior surface of the disc and increased by 30% during clenching. In the connective tissue the largest stress (1.16 MPa) did not reduce during clenching, in contrast to the (unaffected) joints of the reference model. In the affected joint, the largest stress was predicted in the temporal cartilage throughout clenching. In the surrounding connective tissue, the largest stress (1.42 MPa) hardly changed during clenching indicating no, or negligible, stress relaxation.ConclusionsThis suggested that a unilateral DD could affect the stresses in the unaffected (contralateral) joint during clenching, where it may lead to weakening of the tissues that keep the disc on the top of the condyle. The results may be helpful in counseling worried patients, since they give insight into possible future developments of the disorder.     

3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸的制备及其对HeLa细胞的抗增殖活性研究

目的 制备高纯度3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸，并评价其对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的抗增殖活性。方法 采用柱色谱提取法和中压液相色谱法从奇蒿花中分离、纯化得到高纯度的3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸。采用MTT法评价该化合物对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的体外抗增殖活性。结果 柱色谱提取的提取率和中压液相色谱法的回收率分别为99.0%，61.2%，总回收率为54.0%。随着3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸浓度升高，HeLa细胞存活率下降，细胞形态损伤增加，受试药物的IC₅₀值为26.5µg·mL^-1。结论 本研究提供了一种简单、高效、节能的3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸制备方法。3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸对HeLa细胞具有一定的体外抗增殖活性。     

Integrating multiple-domain rules for disease classification

In psychiatry, clinicians use criteria sets from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to diagnose mental disorders. Most criteria sets have several symptom domains, and in order to be diagnosed, an individual must meet the minimum number of symptoms required by each domain. Some efforts are now focused on adding biomarkers to these symptom domains to facilitate the detection of and highlight the neurobiological basis of psychiatric disorders. Thus, a new criteria set may consist of both clinical symptom counts in several domains and continuous biomarkers. In this paper, we propose a method to integrate classification rules from multiple data sources to estimate an optimal criteria set. Each domain-specific rule can be counts of symptoms, a linear function of symptoms, or even nonparametric. The overall classification rule is the intersection of these domain-specific rules. Based on examining the expected population loss function, we propose two iterative algorithms using either support vector machines or logistic regression to fit intersection rules consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In simulation studies, these proposed methods are comparable with the true decision rule. The methods are applied to the motivating study to construct a criteria set for complicated grief. The developed criteria set shows a substantial improvement in sensitivity and specificity compared to the current standards on an independent validation study.