Ⅱ型糖尿病患者红细胞膜MDA与膜钠泵K~＋－pNPPase活性的关系

本文测定５５例ＮＩＤＤＭ患者血浆及红细胞膜ＭＤＡ水平和钠泵Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性。结果显示，ＮＩＤＤＭ患者血浆和红细胞膜ＭＤＡ水平明显高于正常对照组，钠泵Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性明显低于对照，在伴有视网膜病变者上述改变更为显著，红细胞膜ＭＤＡ升高和钠泵Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性降低呈明显负相关。提示红细胞膜ＭＤＡ升高可能是导致Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性降低的一重要因素。     

氯乙醇急性染毒对大鼠肝抗氧化酶与脂质过氧化物影响的研究

本文观察了一次性经腹腔注射氯乙醇（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇＢ．Ｗ．）的急性染毒大鼠３，６，１２，２４ｈ等四个不同时点肝脏的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶等抗氧化酶活力及脂质过氧化物—丙二醛含量的变化关系，结果发现氯乙醇急性染毒组肝脏中上述的抗氧化酶活性于所设四个时点中均比对照组低（Ｐ＜０．０１及０．０５），而同时丙二醛含量高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１及０．０５），提示氯乙醇急性染毒大鼠中肝脏抗氧化酶活性受氯乙醇毒性所抑制，出现肝脏脂质过氧化并造成肝损害。同时，本文也发现氯乙醇急性染毒大鼠血清中丙二醛含量与肝脏丙二醛含量存在着高度密切的正相关关系（Ｐ＜０．０１），且血清中丙二醛含量比谷丙转氨酶活性早升高，提示血清丙二醛可能可以作为检测氯乙醇急性肝损害较为敏感的指标     

腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剜除术对人体蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化影响的研究

目的探讨腹腔镜手术对子宫肌瘤患者体内蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化的影响。方法将40例子宫肌瘤患者随机分为腹腔镜组和开腹组两组,每组20例。测定两组患者腹腔镜手术前、手术结束时(气腹解除后5min)及术后24h血浆晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)、丙二醛、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性和血浆总抗氧化能力(AOA)的水平,以及开腹手术术前、手术结束(缝合腹壁时)及术后24h的水平。结果(1)腹腔镜组手术结束时血浆AOPP、丙二醛水平高于术前[(69±13)μmol/Lvs(50±9)μmol/L,P<001;(252±055)μmol/Lvs(185±019)μmol/L,P<001],血浆GPx活性、AOA水平低于术前[(029±009)U/mlvs(062±027)U/ml,P<001;(090±024)mmol/Lvs(141±039)mmol/L,P<001];术后24h血浆AOPP、丙二醛、GPx与术前比较差异无统计学意义[(50±10)μmol/L,P>005;(205±068)μmol/L,P>005;(052±006)U/ml,P>005],但AOA水平仍低[(100±031)mmol/L,P<001]。(2)开腹组手术结束时血浆AOPP、丙二醛含量比术前略有升高[(53±100μmol/Lvs(52±70)μmol/L,P>005;(209±051)μmol/Lvs(183±064)μmol/L,P>005],GPx活性、AOA水平比术前略有下降[(051±017)U/mlvs(057±021)U/ml,P>005;(120±046)mmol/Lvs133±037,P>005];术后24h血浆AOPP、丙二醛与术前相比升高[     

Protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E in brain damage due to gamma radiation

Gamma radiation is known to cause serious damage in the brain, and many agents have been used for neuroprotection. In this study, lipid peroxidation levels and histopathological changes in brain tissues of whole-body irradiated rats with likely radiation injury were compared to those with melatonin and vitamin E protection. Forty rats in four equal groups were used. The control group received neither radiation nor medication. The remaining groups received doses of 720 cGy in two equal fractions 12 h apart. The second group received radiation but no medication, the third received radiation plus 100 mg/kg per day of vitamin E i.p., and the fourth received radiation plus 100 mg/kg per day of melatonin i.p. over 5 days. On the 10th postoperative day, all the rats were decapitated and specimens from parietal cortices were analyzed for tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and histopathological changes. Increases in MDA were relatively well prevented by melatonin treatment but less so with vitamin E therapy. On histopathological examination, melatonin significantly reduced the rates of edema, necrosis, and neuronal degeneration, whereas vitamin E reduced only necrosis. Neither substance was capable of preventing vasodilatation. In conclusion, melatonin may be useful in preventing the pathological changes of secondary brain damage as a result of free oxygen radicals generated by irradiation.     

Clinical importance of erythrocyte malondialdehyde levels as a marker for cognitive deterioration in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type: a repeated study in 5-year interval

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of aging and dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities. DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with DAT were included in the present study. Group I: 26 patients diagnosed as DAT and studied 5 yr ago. Group II: This group consisted of the same patients as Group I at the present time. Activities of CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations of these 26 subjects were measured and mini mental state examination (MMSE), brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) were applied. RESULTS: The results revealed that 26 dementia patients had worsened cognitive symptoms and significantly increased CuZn SOD and MDA levels and decreased GSH-Px levels after 5 yr. Significant correlation was found between age and CuZn SOD (r: +0.406, p: 0.034), and between MMSE and MDA (r: -0.411, p: 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: We can conclude that MDA, CuZn SOD, and GSH-Px were significantly affected in the patients with Alzheimer disease. The most striking finding of this study is the significant correlation between MMSE and MDA in patients with DAT.     

Malondialdehyde and Nitric Oxide Levels in the Plasma of Patients with Advanced Laryngeal Cancer

Purpose. We investigated alterations in plasma nitrite, nitrate, total nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with advanced stage laryngeal cancer.Methods. We measured the levels of MDA and total NO^–₂, as well as the NO^–₃ marker for NO generation, in 25 patients with advanced laryngeal cancer and 15 healthy control subjects.Results. The levels of plasma MDA, NO, and NO^–₃ were significantly higher in the patients with laryngeal cancer than in the healthy controls (P 0.001 for all). On the other hand, although plasma NO^–₂ was increased in the patient group, the statistical difference was not significant (P 0.05). Moreover, the MDA and NO levels did not differ significantly between patients with stage III and stage IV laryngeal cancer.Conclusion. These findings demonstrate that oxidative stress is increased in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer.     

活血化瘀系列方对脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制研究

目的 :探讨活血化瘀系列方 (活血汤、活血益气汤、活血养阴汤 )对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法 :采用大脑中动脉阻断法制备大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型 ,缺血 6 0 min,再灌注 3d。观察药物对脑缺血再灌注引起的神经功能缺损症状及病理损伤的影响 ,检测脑组织一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性的变化和丙二醛 (MDA)含量的变化 ,免疫印迹分析 NMDA受体亚单位蛋白 NR1和内皮型 NOS(e NOS)的表达。结果 :活血化瘀系列方及尼莫地平能显著改善神经功能缺失症状 ,减小梗死体积和脑水肿面积 ,减少神经元损伤 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,组间没有显著性差异 ;活血化瘀系列方和尼莫地平不同程度降低脑组织内 NOS活性和 MDA含量 ,抑制NR1表达 ,增加 SOD的活性 ,但对 e NOS的表达均无明显影响。结论 :活血化瘀系列方对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用 ,其机制可能与降低脑组织内 NOS活性 ,降低 NR1的表达 ,减少 MDA含量和增加 SOD活性有关。     

Retention of ovaries and oxidative stress of surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Surgical menopause results in severe menopausal symptoms due to the sudden withdrawal of estrogen. This study evaluated the impact of surgical menopause on oxidant and antioxidant status. METHODS: Thirty eight women who underwent total hysterectomy with or without bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were included. Oxidant status was assessed by measuring plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant status by assessing glutathione (GSH) and estrogen levels. RESULTS: The levels of MDA were increased in all women, and GSH levels were significantly decreased in women who underwent hysterectomy alone but significantly increased in those who also had oophorectomy. Estrogen levels were increased if the ovaries were retained even in postmenopausal women, while they were decreased in the women who underwent oophorectomy. CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress of surgery, as assessed by increased MDA levels, occurred in all women. After oophorectomy, estrogen levels decreased and GSH levels increased in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The ovaries may therefore respond to oxidative stress of surgery by increasing estrogen production, estrogen being a better antioxidant than GSH.     

延黄妇炎清片对慢性盆腔炎大鼠血清中SOD、MDA影响的实验研究

目的:探讨延黄妇炎清片治疗慢性盆腔炎的作用机制。方法:采用苯酚胶浆法制成大鼠慢性盆腔炎模型。随机将50只SD大鼠分为5组,即假手术组、模型对照组、阳性对照组(金鸡片)、延黄妇炎清片小剂量组、延黄妇炎清片大剂量组。连续灌胃服药1月后,检测大鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果:与模型组比较,假手术组、延黄妇炎清片大、小剂量组及金鸡片组大鼠血清SOD水平明显增高,MDA含量明显降低,差异均有显著性或非常显著性意义(P0.01,P0.05)。结论:延黄妇炎清片通过影响SOD、MDA的含量而达到对慢性盆腔炎的治疗作用。     

机体氧化/抗氧化指标与SLE疾病活动的相关性

目的探讨SLE患者体内的氧化航氧化状态及其与SLE疾病活动的关系。方法采用病例对照设计，应用分光光度法测定血浆氧化，抗氧化指标，ELISA法测定血浆抗核抗体（ANA）和抗dsDNA抗体滴度。应用两样本t检验，比较SLE组与正常对照组间氧化航氧化指标，采用Pearson相关分析比较机体氧化，抗氧化指标与疾病活动的临床／实验室指标间相关性。结果共检测SLE患者58例，正常人对照52例。SLE组血浆丙二醛浓度[（4．88±3．28）nmol／mL]高于正常人对照组[（2．96±1．90）nmol／mL]（t=4．70，P〈0．01），总抗氧化能力[（14．06±5．65）U／mL]高于正常人对照组[（10．78±2．75）U／mL]（t=3．59，P〈0．001），超氧化物歧化酶活力[（57．19±19．40）U／mL]低于正常人对照组[（76．76±14．33）U／mL]（t=-5．70，P〈0．001）。SLE患者ANA与抗dsDNA抗体（r=0．800，P〈0．01）、总抗氧化能力（r=0．30，P〈0．05）、SLEDAI（r=0．38，P〈0．05）间呈显著正相关。总抗氧化能力与抗dsDNA抗体（r=0．22，P〈0．05）、血浆丙二醛（r=0．22，P〈0．05）间呈显著正相关。结论SLE患者外周血氧化程度较正常人对照组高，氧化，抗氧化指标与SLE患者疾病活动情况呈显著相关。